Target program for digital television. Free digital terrestrial television is available to everyone. How to locate a TV tower
Back in 2009, the government of the Russian Federation approved the launch of a program, according to which, within six years, all residents of the country will have the opportunity to use digital television free of charge within 20 main terrestrial channels. The opportunity was planned to be provided on the basis of the terrestrial terrestrial television broadcasting system, which is owned by a state organization - FSUE RTRS. Installation and connection in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region is carried out by the Sistema-Service company - the official website sistservice.ru
Benefits of digital TV
Digital television is a new technology for broadcasting television programs, which is a standard encoding of video and sound within the MPEG format - Moving Picture Experts Group.
The predecessor to digital was analog broadcasting. An age-old problem with analogue television has been poor signal quality. The signal cannot under these conditions be transmitted without loss of quality over long distances. For a digital signal, such problems do not exist, but many owners of TV receivers will face the problem of obsolescence of their own equipment. Old CRTs are not able to process the signal of the new format and to eliminate this problem, you will need to connect an additional device - a DVB-T2 set-top box.
Detailed information about these attachments can be found on the D-Color website. Also, the resource contains a lot of useful information about standards for digital transmission of multimedia data.
How the program is being implemented
It is impossible to launch free digital TV in every home at the same time. To implement the project, additional capacities will be required due to new communication facilities. In total, there are about several thousand such objects to be built on the territory of the state. Additional spacecraft are also required to be launched. The application of these measures will quickly cover a huge territory of the country. Now this work is underway, but it is divided into several stages.
The first, within the boundaries of the target program, digital TV will be able to use 12 remote regions of the Russian Federation, where there are big problems with analog broadcasting (from 1 to 2 terrestrial channels in total).
These are the Jewish Autonomous Region, Amur Region, Buryatia, Altai and other subjects.
The process of connecting subjects has been launched since 2010. In other regions, work is carried out in a parallel course. In the summer of 2016, a digital transmitter was launched in the Republic of Mari El.
You can find out which regions are connecting to digital television right now by calling the hotline of the Russian TV and Radio Broadcasting Network: 8-800-220-20-02.
What channels are available
The package of free digital channels includes the first multiplex: Channel One, Russia, NTV and others. A little later, viewers will be able to use the channels of the second multiplex: TNT, STS, Ren-TV and others.
According to the rules of the competition, the second multiplex was formed by channels that operate around the clock, are registered in the Russian Federation, and include more than half of domestically produced programs in the broadcasting network.
Implementation of the federal target (FTP) program "Development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009-2018" and is moving to digital terrestrial television.
Purposes of the FTP:
- development of the information space of the Russian Federation;
- providing the population of the Russian Federation with multichannel broadcasting with guaranteed provision of all-Russian compulsory public TV channels and radio channels of a given quality;
- increasing the efficiency of television and radio broadcasting.
The federal target program primarily solves an important social problem - it makes 20 federal television channels in high digital quality accessible and free for all residents of Russia. This cannot be done on the basis of analogue television due to the high costs of its maintenance and modernization, as well as due to the limited free radio frequency resource. For millions of Russians, digital terrestrial television will mean improving the quality of life and eliminating information inequality.
The tasks of the FTP:
- modernization of the infrastructure of state television broadcasting networks;
- transfer of state television and radio broadcasting networks to digital technologies;
Meeting the needs of the distribution of TV and radio channels with a satellite resource;
Providing the population of the Russian Federation with regional digital terrestrial television and radio broadcasting;
Development of new types of television broadcasting, including high definition television with elements of interactivity.
Digital terrestrial television, as opposed to analogue broadcasting.
Digital terrestrial television broadcasting can significantly improve the quality of the image and sound, expand the number of TV channels available to the population, save the frequency resource, and also provide an opportunity to develop new modern services.
The main advantage of digital terrestrial television over the offers of commercial operators.
The advantage of digital terrestrial television is the absence of a subscription fee for the main compulsory public channels of the first and second multiplexes.
When and how will the existing analogue TV channels be disconnected?
No forced shutdown of analogue TV channels is planned. Russian President Vladimir Putin approved amendments to Decree No. 715 "On all-Russian compulsory public television channels and radio channels." The revision of the document defining the development of Russian television and radio broadcasting confirms the preservation of analogue broadcasting of the main Russian TV channels until 2018 inclusive. To ensure parallel broadcasting in analog and digital formats, the Government of the Russian Federation will provide all-Russian compulsory public TV channels and radio channels with subsidies for the purpose of analog broadcast signal distribution in settlements with a population of less than 100 thousand inhabitants until 2018 inclusive. It is assumed that the TV channels, if they wish, will be able to continue broadcasting in analogue format after 2018. The analog broadcasting format will remain for as long as there is a need for TV viewers and broadcasters
The table shows the channels that can be received from the Ostankino TV tower in Moscow and the Moscow region. The list is divided into two groups - digital DVB-T2 and terrestrial analog. Operating frequencies, numbers, characteristics are indicated. All federal channels are broadcast free of charge. No encrypted or paid services are provided yet. The distribution of digital program packages is carried out in multiplexes, each with 10 channels, 20 are already running in the normal mode and the third multiplex is being tested. First and Russia 1 come in high definition HD quality. Broadcast breaks are regulated by the preventive schedule. Search and adjustment are possible in automatic or manual mode. Most apartment buildings have cable TV and in the general list you will find only the list provided by the operator. In this case, an external or internal independent antenna is required for reception.
| The first multiplex of digital terrestrial TV | ||||||
| Channel logo | Name | room | Frequency | Genre | Video format | Audio format |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | Sport | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| Petersburg - 5 channel | 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | |
| 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | news | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
 | 30 | 546 MHz | Child | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | |
| 30 | 546 MHz | Russian public television | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 30 | 546 MHz | Radio | - | MPEG2 | ||
 | 30 | 546 MHz | Radio | - | MPEG2 | |
 | 30 | 546 MHz | Radio | - | MPEG2 | |
| Second multiplex of digital terrestrial TV | ||||||
| 24 | 498 MHz | Federal | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 24 | 498 MHz | Religion | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 24 | 498 MHz | Entertaining | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 24 | 498 MHz | Entertaining | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| TV3 | 24 | 498 MHz | Entertaining | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | |
| 24 | 498 MHz | Entertaining | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 24 | 498 MHz | Military patriotic channel | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
| 24 | 498 MHz | CIS channel | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | ||
 | 24 | 498 MHz | Films | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | |
| Muz TV | 24 | 498 MHz | Music | MPEG4 | MPEG2 | |
| Third multiplex of digital terrestrial TV It has not yet been officially launched, so the list of channels is displayed on a separate page with a broadcast schedule |
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In the analogue range, the number of conventional channels is less and it is planned to turn them off in accordance with the official government program for the development of digital television.
The information was obtained from open sources and is relevant for the beginning of 2020. As the grid changes, the data will be updated.
Article 37. Erotic publications
×Law of the Russian Federation of 27.12.1991 N 2124-1 (as amended on 13.07.2015)
"About the mass media"
The distribution of specialized radio and television programs of an erotic nature without signal coding is allowed only from 11 pm to 4 am local time, unless otherwise established by the local administration.
For the purposes of this Law, a mass media specialized in messages and materials of an erotic nature means a periodical or program that, in general and systematically, exploits an interest in sex.
Retail sale of media products specializing in messages and materials of an erotic nature is allowed only in sealed transparent packages and in specially designated premises, the location of which is determined by the local administration.
A key role in ensuring equal conditions for access to information belongs to the program for the development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation. Thus, the introduction of digital television should provide the opportunity for almost 98% of the population to confidently receive at least 20 television channels in a higher quality than analog television (in SD format). The most important years in terms of launching the first and second multiplexes were 2013 and 2014, which began. During this period, the vast majority of the population of our country should receive access to the possibility of receiving digital broadcasting.
At the end of 2013, 54% of the population of our country had access to the programs of the first and second multiplex. In addition, about a third of the Russian population is connected to cable TV networks, and a quarter of the population has satellite television dishes in their homes and apartments, which allow them to receive an even larger number of channels and in higher quality (including HD). These shares of the population overlap in many ways, but in aggregate we can confidently say that today over 60% of Russian families have the opportunity to receive 20 or more television channels. Moreover, one third of the population has the technical ability to install high-definition television.
On December 7, 2009 V. Putin signed the Federal Target Program (FTP) "Development of TV and Radio Broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009-2015". The total budget of the FTP will amount to RUB 122.445 billion. Of these, 76.366 billion rubles. planned to be allocated from the federal budget, and the remaining 46.079 billion rubles. attract from extrabudgetary sources. Among the main articles in the FTP passport are the construction of terrestrial digital networks (60.2 billion rubles), the creation of satellites (26 billion rubles) and the introduction of radio broadcasting in the DRM standard (13.684 billion rubles).
At the end of December 2013, the Russian communications and broadcasting satellite "Express-AM5" was successfully launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome. The new AM5 heavy-class spacecraft, equipped with 84 C-, Ku-, Ka- and L-band transponders, will be placed in geostationary orbit at 1400 E, from where it will provide coverage of the Far East and Siberia.
The satellite will create the necessary infrastructure to provide the population of the eastern regions of the country with affordable multi-program digital television and radio broadcasting, including high definition television. The AM5 spacecraft is also intended for solving the problems of mobile presidential and government communications, broadband Internet access, providing a package of multiservice services (digital TV and radio broadcasting, telephony, video conferencing, data transmission) and for creating communication networks based on VSAT technology in Siberia. and the Far East.
The satellite "Express-AM5" will provide the signal of the first and second federal multiplexes to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as provide an opportunity for the distribution of regional multiplexes in broadcasting zones "A" and "B". These include the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as the Trans-Baikal Territory.
Today in Russia both analog and digital television works simultaneously. As soon as digital TV is fully launched throughout the country, analog broadcasting will be turned off. Then there will be an opportunity for the third, fourth and subsequent multiplexes to work. At the government commission on television and radio broadcasting, it was decided that the complete shutdown of analog TV will occur on July 1, 2018 - by this time, all regions will finally switch to digital broadcasting.
Digital broadcasting in the regions of Russia:
Kazanbecame the first Russian city with 19 free digital channels available to its residents. At the end of June 2013, in the capital of Tatarstan, digital terrestrial television broadcasting of the second multiplex in the DVB-T2 standard was opened.
Kalmykia.By mid-2013, the coverage of the population of Kalmykia region with digital broadcasting amounted to more than 77%. It is planned that the aggregate coverage by the completion of the FTP will be 96.59%.
Magadan. In September 2013, the broadcasting of the second digital television multiplex in Magadan and the channel packages of the first multiplex in the settlements of Sokol, Raduzhny and Tauisk were launched. The Sopka Krutaya radio and television broadcasting station (RTPS) is one of the first digital TV and radio broadcasting facilities in the Magadan Region to participate in the implementation of the FTP. According to the program, a total of 35 objects are planned to be built on the territory of this region. Currently, 68% of the population of the Magadan region has access to digital television. Before the launch of the second multiplex, this number was 62%. By the end of 2015, it should increase to 97.6%. By this time, residents of the region will have access to at least nineteen guaranteed free digital TV channels.
Novgorod region.The transition to digital television in the Novgorod region began in March 2013. Residents of Veliky Novgorod, the village of Proletariy (Novgorodsky district), the village of Uglovka (Okulovsky district), the city of Valdai and the village of Zaluchye (Starorussky district) were the first to watch digital channels. It is planned that by the end of 2015 the territory of the Novgorod region will be covered by digital television by 96%.
Perm Territory.In the summer of 2013, digital television became available in the Perm Territory. In the regional center, a repeater has been put into operation, transmitting the signal of terrestrial TV in digital format. In 2013, about 2 million people switched to the figure, in 2014 - up to 2.4 million, and by 2015 - 2.57 million people, that is, 95% of all residents of the region. Reconstruction of 35 points is planned for 2014, and by the end of the program implementation 54 digital TV relay points will be operational in the Perm Territory. The implementation of the FTP provides for the complete phasing out of analog TV by 2017.
The final stage of the TV re-equipment of the Perm Territory will be the construction of a new TV tower 275 meters high. The new repeater will provide higher quality broadcasting and will expand the coverage area by 10 kilometers.
Tver.The era of digital terrestrial television in Tver and the Tver region began on March 28. The first multiplex of eight state TV channels in a new capacity is available to residents of Tver, as well as some rural settlements of the Kalininsky, Rameshkovsky, Torzhoksky and Likhoslavl districts of the Tver region, located around the regional center. By the end of 2015, it will be possible to receive 20 high-definition TV channels at every point of the Tver region, from Vesyegonsk to Toropets.
Development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation in 2009-2015
The conversion of terrestrial television broadcasting to digital technologies is the largest infrastructure project in the communications industry in modern Russian history. The global goal of building a digital network is to eliminate information inequality and improve the quality of life of Russians.
In December 2009, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the federal target program "Development of TV and Radio Broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009-2015". The creation of a digital terrestrial television network was entrusted to the federal state unitary enterprise Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network (RTRS).
RTRS in accordance with the federal target program is building digital networks in 83 regions of Russia.
The digital infrastructure being created by RTRS will provide broadcasting of two packages of digital TV channels (multiplexes): RTRS-1 and RTRS-2. RTRS-1 includes 10 all-Russian compulsory public TV channels. The RTRS-2 package consists of 10 popular commercial TV channels. The number of multiplexes may increase in the future.
The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On all-Russian compulsory publicly available TV channels and radio channels" approved the list of TV channels compulsory for distribution throughout the Russian Federation and free for consumers: First channel, Russia 1, Russia 2, NTV, Petersburg-5 channel,Russia-K, Russia 24, Carousel, Public TV *.
* Russian public television is included in the list of all-Russian compulsory public television channels by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 17, 2012 No.
On April 20, 2013, Vladimir Putin signed Decree No. 367 "On Amendments to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 24, 2009 No. 715" On all-Russian compulsory public television channels and radio channels "and to the list approved by this Decree":
a) in paragraph 2 of the Decree:
from the fifth paragraph of sub-clause "b" the words ", as well as regional TV channels in a specific broadcasting zone" shall be deleted;
from subparagraph "d" the words "which can be used by the federal state unitary enterprise" Russian television and radio broadcasting network "also for on-air digital terrestrial broadcasting of regional TV channels" shall be excluded;
b) Section I of the list shall be supplemented with clause 10 as follows:
"ten. TV CENTER - Moscow (Open Joint Stock Company TV Center). ".
On December 14, 2012, Roskomnadzor named the TV channels that won the competition for the right to be included in the second package of digital television. It will become available throughout Russia without a monthly fee by 2015, and in some regions as early as next year. The following channels became the winners of the competition: "Ren-TV", "Spas", "STS", "Domashny", "Sport 1" VGTRK, "NTV Plus Sport", "Zvezda", "Mir", "TNT", "Muz TV ".
However, later, VGTRK recalled the Sport TV channel from the package. On November 18, 2013 Roskomnadzor announced that following the results of the competition, the vacant place in the second multiplex was taken by the TV channel TV-3.
At this stage, the package of RTRS-2 TV channels looks like this: Ren-TV, Spas, STS,Home, TV-3, NTV Plus Sport, Star, World, TNT, Muz TV.
Upon completion of the implementation of the FTP, digital television networks will number about 5 thousand broadcasting points.
The share of the population of the Russian Federation with the ability to receive all-Russian compulsory public TV channels as part of the first multiplex will amount to 98.3%.
The share of the population of the Russian Federation with the ability to receive 20 TV channels as part of the first and second multiplexes will be 98%.
The total budget of the FTP is more than 120 billion rubles. About 90% of these funds are used to provide high-quality multichannel television broadcasting to 40% of the Russian population living in remote and hard-to-reach areas, villages and hamlets.
In each region of Russia, RTRS opens centers of consulting support (CSC) of the population on the connection of digital television. The employees of the Center for Collective Use provide the viewer with comprehensive information about the “digital”, receiving equipment and its settings.