What is a router, a switch and a hub. Retail between hub and switch

Suggestions:

Shurovik:
Hub (same as a commutator) - an extension for the sharing of a number of computers in a merezh. The trick is simple: after retrieving a packet of data from one port, you can send it to all others. How many packets go to one port at the same time, the stench sticks. Sounds and t.sv. kolіzії, yakі povіlnyuyut work merezhі. The switch (wine is the hub) is the same hub, only with "brains". Remember the address of the skin port, if there is a packet of data (and the header of the packet is information, to whom and to whom), the wine will be sent to the required port. Router (vin same router) - attachment, which will go into your switch and proxy server. So this attachment can work as a server, connecting a computer and giving it access to the Internet through one call address. Another router can be one of the computers in the network. But at the same time, if the purchase of a repaired computer and a router is not sufficient, a more simple option should be put in front of a repaired add-on. Zvichayno, the possibilities of a new mensha, ale and price tezh.

Alex:
Only a few things at a glance: a hub - a hub, a switch - a switch.

far:
Svіch and commutator - tse one and the same. The switch allows you to transfer information only on these ports, which are necessary, and do not clog other ports with information, on the hub, which duplicates the information on all ports. And the router is more short and rational way of passing information. For the design of local networks, it is best to use a commutator, a switch. And habi chi concentrators are no longer released.

Dr Boom:
Checking the switch, but the router - the same switch with more "reasonable sounds", which is the cream of the indicated time to designate bit packets and forward them back to the port for re-forwarding the packet ... Also, a repeat packet is shown to be beaten, w (control switch) blocking the port, sounds to go beat packets ... Not obov'yazkovo after another broken packet, the port is blocked, you can adjust the number of samples. Some routers are called routers, but it's more pomilkovo ... More than a router, there are more "brains", a lower router (ex. switch).

Food for local merezhas can be seen by coristuvach-nefahіvtsy more collapsible through a wide terminological dictionary. Habits and switches are small in the foldable possessions that guess telephone exchanges, and the creation of a local home network becomes a drive for turning to fahivtsiv. Really, it’s not such a terrible switch, as it’s called: it’s an attachment with elementary knots, which allow for minimal functionality, doesn’t require knowledge on how to install that operation and is fully accessible to the skin.

Appointment

Hub- a network hub, for the purpose of connecting computers to a single local network with additional connections for Ethernet cables.

Switch(switch - jumper) - a network switch, assignments for merging a number of computers into a local network via an Ethernet interface.

Porivnyannia

As a matter of fact, the difference between a hub and a switch is tied to the type of outbuildings: a hub and a switch. Irrespective of one task - the organization of a local network for the help of Ethernet - I will go to the top in a different way. The hub is the simplest rozgaluzhuvachem, which ensures direct communication between the customers of the city. A switch is a "smart" attachment that splits packages of data between clients in a reasonable manner before request.

The hub, taking the signal from one node, transmits it to all connected outbuildings, and then receives it again as the destination: the computer is responsible for recognizing the destination of the packet. Naturally, they convey the same scheme. The signal torkaetsya all segments in the line, until you know which one to accept. This situation reduces the throughput of the merezhі (and the security of the exchange of data is reasonable). The switch, otrimuyuchi data package from the computer, sends it to itself for your address, as it was set by the manager, allowing for a measure of vanishing. Merezha, organized for the help of the switch, is important for safety: traffic exchange is carried out without intermediary between two clients, otherwise they cannot process the signal, there are no assignments. On the front of the hub, the switch will secure the high throughput of the created network.

Hub Logitec LAN-SW/PS

The switch checks for the correct setting of the network card of the client computer: IP addresses and the mask are the same as the address of the client. The hub does not help, to that, which works on the physical OSI mesh model, broadcasting the signal. The switch works on the channel channel, allowing the exchange of data packets. Another feature of the hub is the ability to ensure the speed of transmission of data, focusing on the best displays.

Switch COMPEX PS2208B

Visnovki site

1. A hub is a hub, a switch is a switch.
2. The hub is the simplest, the switch is more "intellectual".
3. The hub transmits a signal to our clients, the switch - only to the addressee.
4. Productivity of a measure organized through a switch, vishcha.
5. The switch ensures the highest level of safe transmission.
6. The hub is based on the physical mesh OSI model, the switch is on the channel.
7. The switch ensures the correct setting of the merging cards of the clients of the merging.

At the same time, at the hour of using gadgets and electronic devices, as if they were changing the place of the splendid person, the problem is urgent - how can all the intellectual attachments turn out to be among themselves. Mayzhe in any apartment is a TV, computer / laptop, printer, scanner, sound system, and you want to coordinate them, and not transfer an inexhaustible amount of information with flash drives, and with this, you will not get lost in innumerable kilometers of wires. This is the very situation of offices - with a small number of computers and MFPs, or other systems, it is necessary to combine various representatives of electronic information into one system. Axis here and vinikaє ideya pobudovi local ї rezhі. And the basis of a competently organized and structured local network is a network switch.



DESIGNATION

Switch, or switch- an attachment, which is a combination of intellectual outbuildings at the local level to exchange money. When the information is removed from one of the ports, it is transmitted to another port, on the basis of the switching tables, or table MAC address. In the course of the process of filling the table, it is not sloppy, but by the switch itself, in the process of robots - during the first session of data transmission, the table is empty, and the switch retransmits the information that has come, to all its spoils. And in the process of robotic work, I remember the paths of the passage of information, write it down to myself in the table, and during the upcoming sessions, I will already overwrite the information for the song address. Table expansion can be changed from 1000 to 16384 address.

For stimulating local networks, other attachments are used - concentrators (hubs) and routers (routers). Again, in order to escape the swindlers, varto indicate on the authority between them and the switch.

Hub (wine hub)– є the great-father of the switch. The hour of the hub's victory is actually gone, through such inconsistency: as if the information came to one of the ports of the hub, rebroadcasting it to others, "clogging" the border with traffic. Ale, the stench stinks, vtim, in the midst of the current fringe possession, they look like self-propelled carriages on the cob of the 20th century in the middle of the electric cars of the present.

Routers- outbuildings, with which commutators often stray through a similar old look, but they have a wider range of work capabilities, and that’s more high versatility. Tse own kind of microcomputers, for the help of which you can completely fix the mesh, having registered all the addresses of the extensions, they have added logical robotic algorithms - for example, the defense of the mesh.

Switches and hubs are most often used for organizing local networks, routers - for organizing networks connected with access to the Internet. However, it should be respected that at once step by step the cordons between switches and routers are released - switches are released, so that they can fix and work with addresses attached to local networks that are registered. The stench can override the functions of routers, or else sound expensive extensions not for home use.
The simplest and best option for configuring a home local network of medium connections (with more than 5 objects), with connections to the Internet, a local commutator, and a router:

ROBOT FEATURES

When buying a commutator, it is necessary to clearly understand - it’s important to you, how you will beat it, how you will serve it. In order to choose devices that best fit your goals, and do not overpay your pennies, let's look at the main parameters of the switches:

• Switch view - kerirovanie, nekerirovaniya and nalashtovaniya.

1. Non-kerned commutators - do not follow the protocols of the netting. The most simple, which does not require special adjustments, is inexpensive: from 440 to 2990 rubles. Optimal solution for a small local area. If you fold local lines on their basis, it’s possible to find a person, it’s far from right - you just need to buy the switch itself, the cables you need to connect to the device (better, if you look at the atch-cord, then don’t forget before buying look around possession, to which cable is to be connected, and specify which type of rose you need), and choose the wire itself. The simplest installation is described in the documentation before the addition.
2. Keruvian switches - support the protocols of intermediary management, make a more foldable design, offer wider functionality - for the help of a WEB-interface or special programs, you can modify them by prescribing the parameters connected to them, the priorities of other attachments what. The same type of switches can replace routers. The price for such extensions ranges from 2499 to 14 490 rubles. A Danish type of switches for spetialization of local networks - video guards, trade lines, office lines.
3. The switches that are configured - add-ons, how to fix the deacons of the adjustment (for example - VLAN configuration (setting subgroup)), but all one thing is rich in what to do to the switches. The switches that are configured can be either wired or not wired.

• Location of the switch - Possible three types:

1. Nastіlny - compact attachment, which can be simply placed on the table;
2. Wall-mounted - a small attachment, which, as a rule, can be rolled out both on the table and on the wall - for the rest of the transfer of special grooves / reinforcement;
3. Mounting on a rack - attachment with pre-grooves for mounting in a rack of a truss, but, as a rule, it can also be mounted on a table.

• Basic data transmission speed - swidkist, with some kind of leather work from ports I will add. As a rule, in the parameters of the switch, you should indicate a number of digits, for example: 10/100Mb/s - it means that the port can use 10Mb/s, and 100Mb/s is automatically switched on. Presented models with basic swedishness:

• Number of commutator ports - one of the main parameters, the principle of the same wine is the most incorporating the configuration of the local network, because in a new place, if you can connect a large number of possessions. The range lies at the borders of 5 to 48 ports. Commutators with a number of ports 5-15  the most important switches for small households, extensions with a number of ports 15 to 48  oriented to the most serious configuration.

• - port, which support speed of 100 Mbit / sec, up to 48 ;
• Quantity of ports with 1Gb/s - port, which supports speed of 1 Gb / s - which is especially important for high-speed transmission, up to 48 ;
• Pidtrimka RoЄ - If such a parameter is є , then it means that connections to the port with the option of attachments can be carried out over the cable (twisted pair), with no input to the signal of information that is being transmitted. The function is especially suitable for connecting extensions, to which it is not possible or impossible to connect an additional live cable - for example, for WEB-cameras.
• SFP ports  - spoil the commutator connection with the outbuildings of the greater equal, or with other commutators. Paired with superior ports can support data transmission more far away (a standard port with RJ-45 socket and a “vita pair” cable connected supports transmission no more than 100m). Such a port is not equipped with a receiver-transmitter, just a slot, to which an SFP module can be connected, which is an appropriate receiver-transmitter for connecting a required cable - optical, betting twists.

• Service speed of packages - A characteristic that indicates the productivity of the possession, and that it is processed in millions of packages per second - Мррs. As a rule, 64-byte expansion packets are tossed about (to be specified by the compiler). The value of the characteristics of various outbuildings lies at the borders of 1.4 to 71.4 Mpps.

GALUZZATOSUVANNYA

The area of ​​stasis of commutators is wide, the widest areas of stasis are:

• small homemade local merezha, What includes, for example, a copy of a computer, a printer, a TV set and a music center (for your mind, that everything is connected to the connection to the merezhі);

The destination router for the organization of a local network and one hour gives access to the Internet. At the same time, a switch, also known as a switch, is used for organizing local networks. In this way, when organizing a cell at home or in the office, connecting to the Internet is done by the router. Let's take a look at a list of their main powers, and let's take a look at the details of switching and routing packets.

Switch and router - difference between them

Most routers have the ability to organize Wi-Fi networks. All outbuildings, united in the middle, can access the Internet through a router. Turn on the Wi-Fi function for all home routers, and for quiet ones, as they are recognized for work in offices or businesses, they can be used during the day.

It is also a lie to say that inexpensive commutators can be fired up without a far cry.

Switch and router - difference between them:

• Vіdsutnіst WAN port at the switch, shards of wine are less practical at the local network. The router is responsible for the transmission of data between different networks, but the switch cannot work.
• Wi-Fi availability at the switch, vin switching packets only in the Ethernet network.
• It is possible to see the day of the distant cheruban and, obviously, all functions, which can be improved, as well as statistics.
• Ring at the switch more LAN ports lower at the router.

All other functionality, appointments for the organization of local networks, in similar switches. Tobto vіn mоzhe vіn vіn vіdmuvati vіznі vіzny funkіonal vіzny vіzny statіkіtії work, mirroring і portіv, QoS (priority traffic). The switch itself can act as a DHCP server, as it can have such a function, although it rarely works like this.

Ring the DHCP server on the router, and turn it on on the switch.

Packet switching and routing

Let's take a look at the switch's identity as a router for the main їhnіmi tasks:

Packet switching

Tse transfer of packets to the middle of a local network, tobto between outbuildings, like roztashovani not far from each other. In this case, the transfer of data is required for an additional forwarding of the packet from one extension from the specified MAC address to another extension, also the MAC address. If I add another IP address, which is in the same local area, then for the help of ARP, the MAC address will be assigned to the next packet. The processing from which port, to which packet is sent, depending on the MAC address, is taken by the switches (lights).

Packet routing

Tse transferring them to the ranks. The process is performed for the help of the IP-address and the mask to be sent. If the IP addresses are not from the local network (not satisfied with the masses), then they are sent to the IP address of the gateway for locking. The computer recognizes the MAC address of the gateway and sends the packet to the new one.

The next router, which has rejected this packet, sends it to the outer network, until it connects through the WAN port.

butt

Let's say that the computer is working on the printer. The printer and computer are connected via a router. For some reason, the router loses the function of the switch - it transmits packets from the LAN port, until the computer is connected to the LAN port, until the printer is connected.

I'll look over the side through the browser for an hour, the router checks the routing of packets, removes the computer from the outside to the Internet and back.

Inspection of the switch from the hub

The largest hub is similar to a non-kerating switch. Ale stinks to mourn vіdminnostі. The hub simply transfers all received packets to all ports, as well as new ones, moreover, the received packets are received. The switch is smart - save the table MAC address i, after the next start, transfer packets to the required port, where the addressee is known, without zamіchuyuchi zamіchuyuchi traffic mezhu.

As a connection to the hub, a sprig of outbuildings is connected, vin pratsyuє zі zі svydkіstyu nizkoshvidkіsnogo podklyuchennuyu outbuilding. At that hour, as on the switch for the skin connection, the skin port has its own security. So, although on one port, as a result of auto-negotiations, a speed of 100 Mbit per second was set, then on another port, it could be 1 Gbit per second. It is clear that the commutator supports such speed.

It’s easy to know at the same time at the sale of the hub, the shards of them no longer vibrate, although the stench can be corny for analysis of the exchange between two outbuildings. For these purposes, switchers and routers are bought at once from mirrored ports.

An independent merezhevy hub is more archaic, and a commutator-switch has long come to replace it. In order to evaluate this ability, the mother of the notification about the work of the hub is nevertheless brought, especially vrakhovuchi, that these days wines often become a warehouse of another possession.

Appointment

Hub— a fencing concentrator that secures the connection of a number of computers in a single local fringe and the exchange of data between the nodes of the first equal fencing of the OSI model.

Switch— a tier attachment that secures the integration of a number of computers in a local tier of another tier of the OSI tier model.

Porivnyannia

The difference between the intermediary hub-hub and the intermediary commutator is related to the method of data transmission. The hub mindlessly distributes packets to all the participants of the merezhі, so that they independently know who the addressee is. Those to whom the package is not recognized are recognized as new ones. The commutator is a vibratory attachment. Packets wines are added to the MAC address in the headers of the packets, allowing the participants to determine, in the least necessary, which are recognized by the request. In fact, the hub works similarly to an electric tee, to which the extension is connected, and the switch is connected to a separate switchboard.

Through the peculiarities of rozpodіlu traffic, habi may let the throughput of the building be richly lower, lower commutators. The speed of the transfer will be stale and in the eyes of the participants in the merezh themselves, moreover, one full knot will be enough, so that the whole mesh will look up to him for showing off the speed. Obviously, the riven of safety in the tread, organized for the help of the trim hub, will be reduced: as a minimum, such treads become a bazhan middle ground for the transfer of data.

Today, hubs are practically not beaten, their functions are beaten by commutators. In the beginning, the Ethernet network appeared in the concentrator's vane and the low varity was recorded, and then the switches were smoothed over in an hour. At the moment, it’s not enough to stand a stench, and it’s better to put them in front of the concentrators on the whole building.

Visnovki site

1. The hub works on the physical, and the switch on the channel level of the OSI model.
2. The hub sends data packets to all participants, the switchboard - only to recipients.
3. The speed of transmission in the measure, organized by the commutator, is higher.
4. Merezhі, organized for the help of commutators, є safe.
5. Habi today is practically not vikoristovuyutsya.