Html single legs. Drawings: only chi dash, minus and hyphen

description

Set the type of paws, which zastosovuetsya in the text of the document. In the skin language, they establish their own traditions for the designation of paws, the power of quotes allows you to set their appearance according to the entire text and set, with such a rank, the same design. Addition of paws is automatically added to fit the container , And also for the text, to which the stylistic power of content is stagnant with the meanings of open-quote (curving paws) or close-quote (curving paw).

syntax

quotes: "leva paw" "right paw" | none | inherit

meaning

How is the meaning of a symbol text (for example, quotes: "« "" »") or a Unicode character. Acts of them are repaid in Table. one.

HTML5 CSS2.1 IE Cr Op Sa 5.1 Fx

Stanislav Lets stverdzhuvav: Mostly out there, de bouve out.

The result of this butt testimonial in Fig. one.

Mal. 1. Stasis of power quotes

right in html editors often there is a need for knowledge special characters (mnemonics) For formatting text. With these symbols, you can give the text the correct form - it is easy to read and understand.

For example, because your site can be called that gum layout- then the spreading in paragraphs of the text will be stretched in width, but if you change the width of the word, the words will be transferred to a new row. In such a rank, non-separate phrases can be automatically divided, or call, for example:

... Dr. Z.
Freud, like...

Koristuvachs different screens And it means that the width of the “humic” site will change: it is not clear in what place it will be transferred. Navit as your site is of a given width, it is impossible to guess in which area the text will end in a row. Movі HTML has a special mnemonic for this type - unexplored gap:

Pass in html write the axis in this way:

So, in the editor, you can look like this:

HTML has one peculiarity - the impersonal gaps are replaced by one. If you put 10 gaps in the editor's room, then you'll get one on the side. Irrespective tried also ryatuє in this situation, but if you want more access - it's better to win for your CSS.

Sometimes a reverse effect is needed - the word needs to be transferred to a new row, dividing it with a hyphen. In this way, the mnemonic "soft transfer" - & shy will help:

elektrofika & shytsiya;

Other mnemonics zastosovutsya in case of impossibility of seeing these symbols in a great way. Deyaki may only use a digital code, without a letter analogue, for example, a special symbol of a dog or a dot.

Table of main mnemonics:

Deyakі signs, such as ampersand (&) or apex bow (<), обозначают начало мнемоники или HTML-тегов, так что отображаться не будут. Для вывода их в статье нужно использовать соответствующие спецсимволы.

Updated: 17 March 2015

Hello, new readers of the blog site. Troch earlier we already caught up to talk about those, so we knew about the design in the new. Today we have a deep understanding of the probіlu in HTML, and also related to it the formatting of the code when writing (for the sake of clarity of further reading and understanding).

Well, in connection with this, scho mi torknemos by those indistinct gaps and soft transfer, we happen to emphasize our respect for the so-called special characters or mnemonics, sings in the Html mov, as to allow you to add to the code of the web document of the anonymous additional characters, on the vzhe vzhe zgadannogo vishche. Ale about everything in order.

Gap and gap symbols in Html movie

First, go down to feeding the formatting of the text for additional special features for this tag (paragraph, headings, etc.) text in the window of the browser when changing the yogo rozmіru.

True, for this kind of visual formatting (which will not be seen on the web site), in most cases the vicorist is not the clearing itself, but the very symbol of tabulation and row opening. This is the rule - if you start writing Html tag attachments, then create access for additional tabulation(Tab key on the keyboard), and if you close the tag, then remove the access (alternatively, the Shift + Tab keys on the keyboard).

It is necessary to work in such a way that it will curve and close the tags on one vertical line (on the same number of tabs on the right edge of the side of your Html editor, for example, Notepad ++, about which I wrote). Krіm tsgogo raju without intermediary writing of the element of the growth of the kіlka of the transfer of the row and immediately write the curves on the same level (the number of tabulations), so that later do not forget the tse zrobiti.

That way, the curve and close the elements are on the same vertical line, and internal tags break down to one tab and can, in their order, close and open again on the same line.

For simple web documents, you can create an overworld, but when folded more or less folding, їх the code will become richer more accurate And we read for the account of the great number of clearings, and also in the new future it will be easier to remember pardons for the account of the symmetrical distribution of tags.

Special characters or mnemonics in Html code

So, now let's talk about the so-called special symbols, the viability of the victories of which I announced on the cob of the article. Special characters can also be called mnemonics or substitutions. The stench is recognized in order to finish the vinyl for a long time in the hypertext layout of the problem, connected with vicory coding.

If you type the text from the keyboard, then the coding of the characters in your language will be encoded by the installed algorithm, and then the stench will be displayed on the site for the help of the fonts you have chosen (to know and how to install for the site) for the decoding process.

Encoding is already rich, but for the Html movie for the lock, an expanded version of the encoding was adopted.

For this coding text, it was possible to write down only 256 characters - 128 ASCII characters and 128 more for Russian language letters. As a result, there was a problem with using signs on sites that do not enter before ASCII and do not enter Russian language letters, which enter before the Windows-1251 (CP1251) encoding depot. Well, you were tempted to use a tilde or an apostrophe, but the possibility of such a cob in my Html coding is not embedded.

For such vipadkivs, they themselves invented substitutions or, in other words, mnemonics. Pochatkovo mali special characters digital record view, Ale potim for the widest of them, we added their literal analogues for simplicity of their memorization.

In a wildly familiar, mnemonic is such a sign that starts with an ampersand "&" and ends with a dot with a ";". Behind these signs, the browser, when parsing the Html code, sees new special characters. Next to the ampersand in the digital substitution code, the hash sign “#” is to be followed, which is called a hash. And then we will follow the digital code of the required character in Unicode encoding.

In Unicode, you can write more than 60,000 characters - a slogan, so that the mnemonic symbol you need will be written in the font on your site. Є fonts with a subset of all characters are Unicode coding, and є options are only with a simple set of symbols.

The new list of special characters will be simply majestic, ale the most common mnemonics you can write, for example, from these tables:

Isnuye to milk the cicavii withdrawal method HTML code mnemonic for the sign you need. For whom it will be enough to have an editor Microsoft Word, Create a new document and select "Insert" - "Symbol" from the top menu (I'm using the 2003 version, I don't know how to do the same operation in the older versions).

At the end, you need to choose a font, for example, Times New Roman (otherwise, be it another, which will be present on the larger computer in front of your site - Courier or Arial, for example).

Add from the list to your word document You will need all the special characters and save your Word document as a web page (choose from the ".html" list when saving). Well, then you don’t have to leave the web page in any Html editor (the same Notepad ++ pidide) and you can use all the digital codes of the mnemonics you need:

The way to three is important, but to shorten the twist on the side of your site, which is a rare special symbol, then it will be simpler, lower shukat in the Internet tables, similarly, three more. You will need to insert the special code of the special character in the appropriate place and replace it on the web side of the browser to display the character you need (for example, an unreadable gap).

Unexpected probіl and variant of transfer in butts

As I already guessed more and as you can bachiti from the above three tables of special characters, deyak mnemonics in Html took away more digital character recognition for more simple memorization. To replace the pound sign "#" (hash) in the character fields, the words will be blocked. For example, all the same inconsistent probіl could be recorded either yak (digital mnemonic), or yak (symbolic).

When writing articles, you will need to insert an ampersand sign (&) into the text of the document, otherwise apex arch (<), то для этого обязательно нужно использовать спецсимволы. Дело в том, что эти знаки в Html означают начало тега и браузер будет рассматривать их именно с этой точки зрения и отображать в тексте не будет.

So, if you are writing an article, in which case you will need to insert, for example, a display tag into the text< body>otherwise you just need to insert a less than sign (<), то сделав это без использования подстановок на веб странице вы ничего не увидите, т.к. браузер, обнаружив «<» , поймет, что это Html тег, а не текст статьи.

Therefore, you will need to insert the following construction to complete such a task:

The same is true of the code of the mnemonics themselves, because the stench starts from the ampersand. You will need to insert a code into the text with the replacement of the ampersand sign for a substitution (special character):

It will be necessary to grow, to take it on the side<, а не отображение левой угловой скобки (<), в которую преобразует браузер мнемонику <, обнаружив при разборе знак амперсанда. Хитро, но вы все поймете попробовав это на практике.

Also, for everything, you will win an indistinct gap, which on the web side will look like a remarkable gap, but if you do so, the browser will not accept it as a symbol of the gap in the gap and not zdіysnyuvatime on new transfer(For example, it should be verbatim for such phrases, like 1400 GB and so on, so it won’t be possible to carry over different lines):

1400 GB.

Sometimes you can blame the bad situation, if there are two words in the text and you want to do so, so that if you find it necessary, the browser instantly bi razbivat tse words transferred. For such purposes of transferring, the special symbol "soft transfer" is

Long and shy word;

If you need to switch to the next row, the browser will replace the mnemonic of the soft hyphenation by putting a hyphen and correcting the word to the next row. If there is a place for placing the entire word on one row, then the browser will not change any of the rows. The axis is so the axis is simple.

Good luck to you! To fast zustrіches on the sides of the blog site

Nadislati

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falteringly

One evening I realized that the hour had come to expand the 97th paragraph of Artemy Lebedev's "Guidance".

On the keyboard one risk, it will sound to the right of zero and more than the letters "Z" and "X". Unknown people call її alternately either a hyphen, a minus, or a dash. Lebedev explains to us what chotiri(Looking back at two different dashes) different symbols. Really їх at least nine, I about tse I і rozpovim you at once.

What is the cost minus(-), everything is known about something richer: minus victorious in mathematical expressions, has the same width, as if it were a number, it is sorted by the height of a great letter, on the other hand, as a dash and a hyphen, and it is written in HTML like -.

On this space, all sound to move to the dash. Ale strite, the world has not yet seen three symbols!

Which symbol is used in the record of telephone numbers (555-41-72)? Hyphen, say you; and axis i ni! For which є okremy symbol: digital risk(Figure dash). Looking out (-) practically like a minus, but a minus when you don’t.

You can ask: why can't you win a minus, since you look exactly the same? That minus is a clear sign, and in the phone number there is nothing to be mistaken. For the same reason, for such a text to be seen, it is necessary to spell em, and not i. You can’t explain, you can only know.

The digital risk code is U+2012 and is written as - in HTML.

Pro transfer symbols, We also call it a soft hyphen, also a rich vіdomo. This character, which is denoted in HTML as -, is placed in words between warehouses in quiet places, where it can be transferred. On the screen, the vines do not appear, for a wink you fall, if you spend it at the end of the row; in some way the browser (it seems, from the third version of Firefox learned to be shy) not to transfer the whole word as a whole, but to put a hyphen and transfer part of the word.

It especially helps in the old words, transferring them to create majestic empty spaces in the right part of the screen. The majestic shortfall of the symbol of the transfer is due to the fact that it is unmanually placed manually (in fact, it can be done by autotyping programs) and that it is difficult to harass and make the text unreadable HTML code is taken from the database text).

Another hyphen-like symbol is risk (⁃), which gets used to the quality of markers in lists ( devil's bullet). In Lebedev's Studio, it is fair to respect that in the Russian Drukarian tradition there is no such thing as bulit (floating on the uvazі traditional gardka with squares), and to pronounce in the quality of a marker to live (dovge) a dash; as you can remember, stink yourself so shy (or robbed) on your site and navit vybukhnuli article that rozpovidaє, like zrobiti.

Actually, for markers in the lists, there is a special character, which can be the code U + 2043 (in fact, Lebedev is standing, which is not known to Russian typography). In HTML, adding such a marker to a list is easy, using CSS:

ul(list-style: none inside;) ul > li:before(content: "\2043"; margin-left: -1ex; margin-right: 1ex;)

(In my mind, the hover code is not ideal, it will be less practical in the right browsers, but I figured out the idea for you, I guess.)

Now we can move to a dash; here everything is already good іz'ezzhena: v_doma raznitsa en dash(-, en dash, a line with a width of the letter "n", -) i long dash(-, em dash, risk with the width of the letter "M", -). It seems that in Russian typography it is possible to get accustomed exclusively to the double dash (want to conduct super-checks for the possibility of using an en dash in numerical ranges), then at Zahodit you should call for better en dash.

Dovge dash also gets used to Russian language in dialogues. On Zahodі for tsієї meti often live an okremy symbol horizontal rice (―):

- Je m'ennuie tellement, dit-elle.

- Cela n'est pas de ma faute, rétorqua-t-il.

Otzhe, nine different risks:

І, for alignment, in one row:
- ‐
−
‒
­
⁃
-
—
―

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