What concerns browsers. What is a browser on a computer and how to update it? What are modern browsers

The first word that any newbie hears when entering the Internet is browser. What is a browser? What are they, how to choose the best one? There are a lot of questions, but the answers to them are often not available on the network or they have to be collected in parts. I'm going to write a full article on this topic, so that any beginner reading it will understand everything from A to Z. For example, you will need to explain the basics of surfing the Internet to your grandmother, who is as far from a computer as Earth is from Jupiter. It's not a problem! Just open my article to her and let her be enlightened! ;)

So, here is a small outline of our lesson today - lectures - notes, as you like.

We will move according to this plan so as not to miss anything. After this lesson, you should not have any blank spots in this topic. To begin with, I will give a couple of definitions and descriptions of the term "Browser", as everyone seeks to give it their own interpretation, but it can often be erroneous or incomplete. If you give several explanations at once, you can get a complete picture. Then, I will tell you a brief history of the development of browsers in order to understand where it all began and where it is heading. Only knowing the history, even a brief one, can one understand the current state of affairs. This rule works everywhere: both in the political sphere and in the computer and in the legal sphere and in whatever else. Below will be given ALL modern browsers that have some weight in the market. Why would you want to know about some exotic program that a bunch of geeks use? I just think there is no need. All right, we're starting.

What is a browser

1) Browser, Web browser, Is a special program designed to view websites. This happens with the help of http requests to the server and receiving data from it, which are processed according to special approved standards and thus a web page is formed.
2) In simpler language Browser Is a program that you have open at the moment and with which you have the opportunity to read my article now. That is, the browser is a conductor between the World Wide Web and the user. It is he who allows you to access the entire set of information available on the Internet.

Now it is clear. We turn on the computer, connect to the Internet, but it is impossible to get any data from it without a special program. There must be software that can request information, receive it, process it and display it on the user's screen. This is exactly what the browser does.

A brief history of browsers

The very first GUI browser is Mosaic from NCSA. But despite being a pioneer in the field of observers, Mosaic's development was halted in 1997 due to market loss. Now I will explain how it all happened. The fact is that some NCSA employees migrated to Netscape and began developing a new, more advanced browser - Netscape Navigator. It should have better support for standards and much easier to use. They did it and their product was a success.

The notorious Microsoft company drew attention to this. It is logical, because such a huge piece of cake practically floated out of their hands. But the situation quickly changed, and in a completely opposite direction, when Microsoft, based on the open source code of the first graphical browser Mosaic, quickly assembled its own browser - Interner Explorer. They included it in a must-have update for their Windows 95 operating system, and it was in the bag. Now each user was practically deprived of the right to choose, including because of his illiteracy in this matter. That's the secret to IE's overwhelming success - monopoly. The brainchild of the Moikrosoft company quickly captured a niche and had about 95% of the market. As a result, Netscape was forced to close its project. But then they took a rather correct step, namely, they published the code under the free MPL license (which stands for Mozilla public license). This was a great contribution to the fight against monopoly.

It was on the basis of this code that a completely new project Mozilla Firefox later appeared, which was forced to develop faster than IE in order to win the market. Meanwhile, Microsoft's project was abandoned and practically did not improve. They didn’t need it, because users had practically no choice, or rather the overwhelming majority did not know about the alternatives represented by the same Mozilla. In the same 1995, another browser appeared - Opera, which, thanks to its free-of-charge (until 2005, it was distributed as a shareware), was gaining popularity in the CIS countries. IE continued its development only to the 7th version.
Thus, we smoothly come to the next point.

What are the modern browsers

Google chrome ... This is a browser developed by the giant Google based on their own free Chromium browser. It uses the WebKit engine to display the resulting web pages. The first publicly available beta version of chrome for the Microsoft Windows operating system was released on September 2, 2008. A little later, on December 11, 2008, a stable version was released. According to StatCounter data, the browser is currently in the first place in popularity in the world, and its market share in May 2012 was 32.43%. As for the Runet, LiveInternet reports that in May 2012 Chrome ranks first - its share is about 20.6%. As of January 2014 - 32%.

Free distribution under a public license. It is part of the Mozilla Application Suite run by the Mozilla Corporation. According to Statcounter, firefox is the third most popular in the world, but the second among free software, thus in May 2012 its market share was 25.55%. It is also worth noting that this columnist is particularly successful, for example, in Germany and Poland. There it occupies 55% and 47% of the market, respectively. As for Russia, Firefox ranks third in popularity here with a share of 23.73% of users by July 2012. And in January 2014 it was already only 14%.

Internet Explorer... A series of browsers developed by Microsoft since 1995. It is included with Windows operating systems. IE, according to the service LiveInternet, in Russia by March 2012 takes the third place with 15.6% of users. As mentioned above, the first place belongs to the Google Chrome browser. It should be borne in mind that Internet Explorer is installed in almost all large and medium-sized companies as the only browser for security policy purposes of organizations. In fact, alternative browsers are no worse in this regard, just the stereotype "since IE is developed by Microsoft, then this is a serious product" is firmly entrenched in the minds of the management, which does not want to hear that the situation is actually quite different. Often, work computers have versions 5 and 6 of IE installed, which have unpatched vulnerabilities of three to four years ago.

Opera... Web browser and software package for working on the Internet. Produced by Opera Software. It was developed in 1994 by a group of enthusiasts from the small Norwegian company Telenor. Since 1995, it has been a product of Opera Software, which was founded by the authors of the first version. It is known that the total market share of Opera and Opera Mobile in April 2012 was about 2.3%. In Russia, the percentage of browser users is much higher than in the general world. So, as of March 2012 Opera, together with the mobile version of Opera Mini, ranked first in Russia with 32.1% of users. But by 2013, everything had changed. The quality of the mobile version of the browser has dropped, and the appearance of the desktop version of Opera 18, where bookmarks have turned into something very inconvenient, Opera has begun to dramatically lose its fans. As of January 2014 - 9%.

Apple Safari... A browser that was developed by Apple Corporation. It is included in the operating systems Mac OS X and iOS, of course. It is also absolutely free for Windows operating systems. It takes 4th place in terms of the number of users (the share as of November 2011 - 6.66%). In the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet, its share is 8% as of January 2014.

General graph of the popularity of browsers on the world Internet:


As you can see, the graph confirms everything I wrote. IE has been practically a monopoly in this area from the very beginning. But gradually its share was reduced due to the low quality of work. It was constantly freezing, did not support tabs for a very long time (each page opened in a new window, but 1 window freezing caused everyone to crash). Since its inception, FireFox has been dearly loved by active users who have seen in this browser the main competitor Internet Explorer’y. But with the arrival of Chrome on the market, everything began to change dramatically and at the moment the browser from Google completely dominates this market.
That's all, the rest of the browsers, in my purely personal opinion, are not worthy of attention. I am not the ultimate truth, I just express my thoughts.

The bottom line. Today I told you about all the popular browsers, now you know what a browser is, as well as their history. I hope this article was helpful to you!

See WEB BROWSER Glossary of Business Terms. Academic.ru. 2001 ... Business glossary

WEB BROWSER - WEB browser - a program that allows you to view information from the World Wide Web. It is a client for HTTP, FTP, gopher and others ... Electronic Business Dictionary

Web browser - Web browser (web browser on the Internet) ... Brief Explanatory Dictionary of Printing

Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol - Web Proxy Auto Discovery Protocol (WPAD) is a method used by clients to determine the location (URL) of a configuration file using DHCP and / or DNS technologies. After ... ... Wikipedia

Web Browser for S60 - Wikipedia page Type mobile browser Developer Nokia Operating system Symbian OS Hardware platform ... Wikipedia

browser - A program for navigating the Internet and reading hypertext documents in the WWW information environment. [GOST R 52872 2007] browser viewer Web navigator Program for navigation and viewing of web resources. Usually bundled with browsers ... ... Technical translator's guide

Web 1.0 - is a retronym for a concept that refers to the status of the WWW and any style of website design used prior to the introduction of the term Web 2.0. This is a generic term that was coined to describe the Web before the .com bubble burst in 2001, ... ... Wikipedia

Browser - This term has other meanings, see Browser (disambiguation). Web browser, browser, browser (from the English. Web browser, MFA:; outdated browser) software for viewing web sites, then ... Wikipedia

Web-browser

Web browser - Web browser, or browser (from the English Web browser, the browser is wrong) software for searching, viewing web sites, that is, for requesting web pages (mainly from the Web), for processing, displaying and moving from one ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Web design. DHTML, A. A. Duvanov. This is the second book in the Web Design series. It replenishes the skills of creating hypertext pages based on `pure` HTML with the rules for constructing cascading style sheets (CSS) and the basics ... Buy for 417 rubles
• Open systems. DBMS No. 05/2014, Open Systems. In this issue: The Internet in networks of large graphs The Internet in general and in social networks in particular potentially contains a lot of useful information, which cannot be identified without ...

The computer and the Internet is a browser. What is a browser? Let's immediately give the definition:

What is a browser

A browser (or Internet browser) is a program on a computer with which you can view pages of sites on the Internet, navigate between pages of sites and the sites themselves, search for information, download files, watch videos, listen to music, communicate on forums and social networks, and etc.

Thus, the browser is a serious program that allows the user to provide any interaction with Internet sites and is one of the most frequently used programs on a computer.

A browser is not a specific name for one program, but a general name for an application designed, as mentioned above, to view sites and interact with them. For example, the Internet Explorer program included with Windows is a browser called Internet Explorer.

Like most computer terms, the word "browser" has English roots and comes from the English "web-browser", which in translation means - an Internet viewer, which clearly enough speaks about its purpose.

The browser, in one form or another, is installed on any device that makes it possible to browse sites on the Internet, for example, a smartphone or an ordinary cell phone. Even a modern TV with Internet connectivity has a browser.

Most popular browsers

There are a large number of browser programs, but only a few have become the most popular over time: Google Ghrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, Apple Safari.

1. Google ghrome (Google Chrome). Browser developed by the world's largest Internet company Google. The first beta version was released in September 2008. Today, this one has come out on top in popularity among Internet users.
2. Mozilla Firefox (Mozilla Firefox). Initially, it gained its popularity thanks to the flexibly customizable functionality with the help of installed extensions and the speed of loading pages.
3. Internet Explorer (Internet Explorer). It owes its popularity more to the fact that it is built into the Windows operating system and is the main default page viewer. With the advent and development of alternative browsers, it quickly began to lose popularity and lost its leadership position.
4. Opera (Opera). It was developed by a small Norwegian company Telenor in 1994. Now the development of this browser is carried out by Opera Software, founded by the developers of the first version of the program. Opera was once very popular among Russian users. At the moment, it is losing popularity, losing the competition to Google Ghrome and Firefox.
5. Apple Safari. Browser developed by Apple for its devices running Mac OS and iOS operating systems. There is also a version of the Safari browser for the Windows operating system.

It should be noted that it makes no sense to have all 5 browsers on the computer. If you are just mastering the Internet, then you can advise to install the considered programs (except for the already existing Internet Explorer or Edge), work in them, compare the advantages and disadvantages, and, taking into account the prevailing opinion, leave some one.

Hello dear readers of the blog site. Browsers are important not only for users who are looking for the fastest, most convenient and bugless version of the Internet browser, but also for webmasters.

It's no secret that in different programs, some sites may be displayed in different ways, and to prevent this from happening, webmasters try to use. But today I want to move away from the problems of webmastering a little and invite you to try with me to evaluate the most popular known browsers.

For ease of assessment, I decided to divide them into two groups: popular and little-known. I will also give a general description of all the creations participating in the review with links to a detailed description of all their capabilities.

History and Top 5 best browsers today

I'll start by saying what is a browser and what is the history of the development of this direction of software. Of course, the first observer could be born only after. Actually, it was he who created the first browser, because without this necessary attribute, the whole meaning of his invention would lose its meaning. Let me explain my idea.

Tim Bernes-Lee has developed all the technical aspects (http data exchange protocol, hypertext markup language Html, principles of formation, and much more). But all this would have done nothing without a program that would interpret the page markup language into their display on the monitor screen.

In fact, the browser is an interpreter of the Html language, CSS style markup and Java scripts. Moreover, different versions may have different nuances, which leads to the complexity of site layout. But webmasters have long learned how to get out of these situations, and in most popular browsers, all network resources are almost always displayed correctly.

The first graphical browser (it could already display not only text, lists and tables, but also pictures!) was the famous Mosaic. In fact, he became the ancestor of all modern observers and his popularity at that time was very great. Using his code, such well-known masterpieces as Netscape and the first Internet Explorer were developed, which, thanks to its integration with the Windows operating system and free, completely ousted the first player from the market.

However, the non-profit organization Mazil was created, which inherited the source code from Netscape (actually Mosaic). But nevertheless, this company, whose name comes from a variation of the English words "kill mosaics", completely redesigned the code of the first browser and created one of today's market leaders - Mazila Firefox.

Usually, the quality of work with a particular browser is judged by its functionality, usability, launch speed and the speed of loading new pages (this is especially critical). Also, an important aspect now is the safety of work and the stability of the program in case of any bullying over it. Almost all leaders meet these requirements to one degree or another.

Besides, practically everything, because any other distribution model dooms developers to failure and obscurity. As you probably remember, a very good browser called Opera, starting from the date of its birth (1995), was paid, and only in 2005 there was an official opportunity to download it for free (we are with you, dear residents of the post-Soviet space, waited). What did this lead to?

In Runet, Opera now occupies a leading position (it was very pleasant at one time to have a paid program for free - if anyone remembers), well, and for tight-fisted bourgeois, the paid program for this application is still strong in memory and its share in the bourgeoisie barely exceeds a few percent. So that's it.

In fact, the nine and its followers are a ray of light among the frankly mediocre previous realizations of this mastodon. This version of the browser is quite stable, well protected and fast enough. But all the same, this version did not demonstrate any special advantages over other modern analogues, and the share of Internet Explorer in the world (and in Runet in particular) continues to decline steadily (only 25% of the total market).

It holds only only due to the initial integration into all versions of Windows. However, Melkomyagkie have their own asset, for which it is simply necessary to take data on user preferences when surfing the Internet, and for this purpose the browser is the ideal solution. Therefore, I am sure that in the new version 10 of Internet Explorer, MicroSoft will try to get ahead, or at least not far behind the competitors.

Since 2005, Opera can be downloaded completely free of charge, but it was the payment for it that played a cruel joke until 2005:

In addition to the desktop version, there are also quite popular mobile versions of the browser, which now occupy leading positions in their segment. So in the camp of the developers of this miracle, everything is not so bad.

Appearing later than all other competitors (in 2008), Chrome took a very sharp start and after about four years overtook all other players. It has already surpassed it by a lot (42% of the total market) and this can be considered a huge success for such a young product.

This reviewer is primarily distinguished by its amazing speed and reliability, which allows it not to crash even when one of the open pages or applications freezes. Well, they complete the picture of an excellent browser.

Naturally, Chrome can be downloaded for free by accepting the terms of its use on the official website using the button just above.

Best second-tier browsers

Of course, there are dozens of different Internet browsers, whose fate is not as spoiled as the five indicated just above. It is not possible to consider all of them within the framework of this article, so I decided to focus only on those reviewers who decided to "sit on the tail" of the now super popular Chrome. Fortunately, it is made on the basis of the free WebKit engine.

It is clear that a prototype (test bench) of Chromium called. In principle, it has a lot of the functionality of Google's brainchild and the numbering of its versions is ahead of the versions of the fastest browser in the world:

However, in terms of functionality, Chromium is somewhat inferior to Chrome, and in terms of stability it clearly loses to it, because in fact it is in the beta testing stage all the time. Probably, I would not use it as the main browser.

Everything changed, but not one of the browsers, even after refreshing the page with holding Shift on the keyboard, did not display the changes. I had to clean the cache and only after that everything fell into place. How to do it?



Good luck to you! See you soon on the blog site pages

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Yandex Browser - extensions and themes are suitable from Chrome, and the functionality even surpasses it
Bookmarks in the Yandex browser, Google Chrome and Fireforce, as well as virtual online bookmarks
Web Developer for Firefox - installation and capabilities of the plugin for layout designers and webmasters
Opera - how to customize the browser for yourself, as well as Opera Link, config, express panel and mail client
Chromium - what is this browser, how is Chromium related to Google Chrome and what other browsers work on its basis
Gzip compression to speed up website loading - how to enable it for Js, Html and Css using .htaccess file
Plugins and themes for Mozilla Firefox - which add-ons and extensions should be downloaded and installed
Safari - where to download and how to customize Apple's free browser for Windows
Google Chrome - hidden functionality and 10 fire browser settings from Google that not everyone knows about
Mozilla Firefox - download, install and configure the most extensible of the browsers called Mazila Firefox

Greetings to all readers of my blog, Roman Chueshov is in touch. For many years now, people have been logging into the Web without thinking about the programs they use. Do you know what an Internet browser is and how does it work? This is what will be discussed today. I recommend reading the article to the end, where I will tell you why it is so important to install several browsers on your computer and be able to configure them correctly. So go ahead.

Web Browser as it is

I suggest starting your acquaintance with the browser by defining it.

A web browser (another name) is a special program that allows you to view sites posted on the Web and the information they contain.

It works like this:

• the program sends an http request for information;
• the server provides access;
• the program processes data according to approved standards;
• an interpreted image of the code is displayed on the screen.

Browsers appeared at the time of the invention of the Internet and gradually filled all electronic devices. Today, on every computer, tablet or smartphone, one of the web browsers will be installed by default.

History of the creation of Web Browser

The very first Web Browser to have a graphical interface was. But after the employees of this company moved to Netscape and started developing a new product, the development of Mosaic was discontinued. Fortunately, the source code fell into the hands of Microsoft. As a result, the world famous Internet Explorer.

Here, many may cry out in surprise: why then did IE become so popular, and many have not even heard of Mosaic? The fact is that Microsoft made one very important and, as it turned out, very clever move - it included the browser in a mandatory update for the operating system (at that time it was Windows 95). So users simply had no choice - they were using IE.

Internet Explorer quickly conquered the market (95% - almost the whole world), and the work of Netscape was over. At the same time, the developers, having closed the project, published the unfinished code under a free license, so that in the future they could use it for creation.

1995 also saw the birth of Opera... These two reviewers were forced to grow rapidly in order to gain some market share, which they successfully did. And while Microsoft was inactive (really, why bother when you are a monopoly ?!), Mazila and Opera became quite popular. A real battle for users began, which pushed the market to create a completely new product -.

Modern Web Browser

Once you understand the concept of Web Browser, you can proceed to choosing a program that will satisfy all the requirements. A few names have already flashed a little higher - most of them are still afloat.

So, the most popular are:

• Opera;
• Internet Explorer;
• Apple Safari;
• Yandex browser.

Google Chrome is by far the most widely used browser. It was built on top of Chromium and runs on the WebKit engine. In just a few years, the columnist was able to conquer 25% of the market.

And he did this due to the simplicity, functionality and speed of loading pages, as well as the presence of various extensions. Note that Yandex, being the main competitor to Google, also recently introduced its version of the program. The question is, will users want to download it? I think yes, they do.)

Mozilla Firefox is popular in Russia, as well as Germany and Poland. However, it is gradually losing its position and may soon slide to the level of Opera. As for the latter, it was used mainly for mobile devices, and now it has completely sunk into oblivion. The same happens with IE, which is used in extremely rare cases.

It is worth mentioning separately Safari, which was designed specifically for Apple products. Included in the list of preinstalled programs on Mac OS X and iOS.

Phoenix and Amigo, on the other hand, are browsers that users are fed up with. They are free and are installed automatically when you visit some sites. More like a virus that you want to remove from your computer as quickly as possible.

Remember that you are working with sites, so it is very important to take care of the correct display of the web resource in each browser. Because we will also deal with the layout of the site, i.e. convert the drawn blog layout in Photoshop, by tagging, into a visual display in the browser.

Today users use different browsers, so it is very important to display information (site) in the same way.

I have all the most common browsers installed on my computer: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Opera, Internet Explorer, Apple Safari for windows, Yandex Browser. You can download them all for free on the Internet at the official sites.

That's all for now. Install browsers on your PC and keep reading the articles from this section, and you will learn how to properly configure them for fast and smooth operation.

Respectfully yours, Roman Chueshov