Minushka with his own hands in the home. Yak is a metal swashbuckler: I’ll look around and attach the butt to the preparation. How to pick up a self-propelled metal trick with your own hands

A metal detector or a metal detector is used to identify objects that, behind their electrical and/or magnetic powers, appear as a medium in which the stench is found. Simply put, it allows you to find metal near the ground. It’s not only metal, but also earth. Metal detectors are used by inspection services, criminal investigations, military personnel, geologists, alarm workers to search for profiles under the casing, fittings, checking the plans of underground communications and people in many other specialties.

Metal pranksters with their own hands are most often played by amateurs: pranksters of treasures, local experts, members of military-historical associations. To them, the cobs, this article was assigned to us in advance; The description in this device allows you to find a coin from a Radyansky nickel at a depth of up to 20-30 cm or crawl from a sewer hatch approximately 1-1.5 m below the surface. However, this self-contained device can be useful for the government during repairs or everyday life. If you find a centner or two of abandoned pipes or metal structures in the ground and put the find in the metal debris, you can win a decent sum. And there are definitely more such treasures in the Russian land, less than pirate screens with doubloons or boyar-robber shirts with efimkas.

Note: If you do not know electrical engineering and radio electronics, do not rely on diagrams, formulas and special terminology in the text. The essence is simple, and at the end there will be a description of the device that can be made for 5 minutes on the table, without soldering or twisting the wires. It’s best to let the peculiarities of the metals be “improved”, but it’s not interesting to come with knowledge of the skills.

A little more respect, equal to the others, will be given to the metal joker “Pirate”, div. rice. This device is easy to repeat with cobs, but for its clear displays it does not sacrifice the wealth of branded models costing up to $300-400. And the smut - having shown miraculous repetition, then. increased efficiency during the preparation of descriptions and specifications. The circuit design and operating principle of “Pirate” are entirely contemporary; There are enough supporters for this training and methodology.

The principle of dii

The metal gun operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. In general, the metal detector circuit consists of the transmission of electromagnetic signals that transmit the coils, primary coils, receivers, circuits for detecting the color signal (discriminator) and the indication device. Along with the functional units, they are often connected circuit-wise and structurally, for example, receiving and transmitting can be connected to one coil, the main part immediately sees the red signal.

The cat creates an electromagnetic field (EMF) of the song structure in the middle. If an electrically conductive object appears in the area of ​​your action, pos. In the figure, vortex streams and Foucault streams are induced, which create a powerful EMF. Through the war, the structure of the cat’s field is transformed, pos. B. If the object is not electrically conductive, but has ferromagnetic power, then it creates an output field behind the screen. In this case, the signal is captured by the EMF as an output signal and converts it into an acoustic and/or optical signal.

Note: In principle, for a metal worker it is not obligatory, so that the object is electrically conductive, the soil is not. Head, so that their electrical and/or magnetic powers are disrupted.

Chi detector scanner?

Commercial devices have expensive, highly sensitive metal detectors, for example. Terra-N are often called geoscanners. This is not true. Geoscanners operate on the principle of measuring the electrical conductivity of soil from different directions at different depths, this procedure is called geological logging. Based on the logging data, the computer will display a picture of everything in the ground, including the geological spheres behind the authorities.

Riznovidi

Zagalni parameters

The operating principle of a metal detector can be implemented technically using a variety of methods, depending on the device used. Metal detectors for beach gold mining and industrial repair searching may be similar, but they will differ according to the diagram and technical data. In order to properly work as a metal crafter, you need to clearly identify yourself in what ways you are responsible for satisfying your work. Those who come out, You can see the following parameters for metal sound detectors:

1. Penetration and penetration - maximum depth, as the EMF of the coil in the ground expands. Nothing more can be revealed for any size or power of the object.
2. The size and dimensions of the search zone are the visible area near the ground where the object will be detected.
3. Sensitivity – ability to detect more and less different objects.
4. Vibrancy – ability to respond to the findings. Licorice among beach prospectors is a detector that craves precious metals.
5. Transient resistance – the property does not respond to the EMF of third-party devices: radio stations, lightning discharges, power lines, electric transport and other transmission devices.
6. Mobility and efficiency are determined by energy consumption (how many batteries can be drained), mass dimensions and the size of the search area (how many can be “wasted” in 1 pass).
7. Discrimination or separation gives the operator or microcontroller the ability to react and judge the nature of the detected object.

Discrimination, in its own way, is a warehouse parameter, because at the output of the metal sniper there is 1, maximum 2 signal, and the values ​​that indicate power and the expansion of knowledge are greater. Prote, with the change in reaction adjusted to the hour of approach to the object, there are 3 warehouses:

• Prostorova - to note the growth of the object in the search zone and the depth of its contamination.
• Geometric – makes it possible to judge the shape and size of an object.
• Yakisna - allows you to make assumptions about the power of the object's material.

Operating frequency

All parameters of the metal gun are interconnected and there are many interconnections that are mutually exclusive. So, for example, lowering the frequency of the generator allows for greater penetration and sounding zones, but at the cost of increased energy efficiency, and increased sensitivity and mobility due to the increased size of the cat. The skin parameter of the same complex is however tied to the frequency of the generator. Tom The initial classification of metallic weapons will be based on the operating frequency range:

1. Ultra-low frequencies (ELF) – up to the first hundred Hz. Absolutely not amateur devices: energy consumption of tens of W, without computer processing of the signal, nothing can be judged; transportation requires vehicles.
2. Low frequencies (LF) – from hundreds of Hz to several kHz. Simple circuit design and design, zavodostik, but little sensitivity, discrimination is bad. Penetration - up to 4-5 m with a power supply of 10 W (so called clay metal detectors) or up to 1-1.5 m with a power supply of batteries. They react most strongly to ferromagnetic materials (ferrous metal) or large quantities of diamagnetic materials (concrete and stone structures), which are also called magnetic detectors. Grunta is not very sensitive to authorities.
3. Shifted frequency (IF) – up to several tens of kHz. More foldable low frequencies, but not very high. Penetration - up to 1-1.5 m, resistance to three, excellent sensitivity, sufficient discrimination. Can be universal when used in pulse mode, div. On watered or mineralized soils (with cracks or rock particles that screen out the EMP) it’s bad to work or you can’t smell anything at all.
4. High and radio frequencies (HF or RF) are typical metal detectors “for gold”: excellent discrimination at depths of up to 50-80 cm in dry, non-conductive and non-magnetic soils (beach sand, etc.) Energy saving - like before. Rashta village - on the boundary of “bad luck”. The effectiveness of the device depends largely on the design and components of the coil(s).

Note: mobility of metal scavengers per pp. 2-4 is good: with one set of AA salt elements (“batteries”) and without a manual operator you can operate for up to 12 years.

Pulse metal pranksters stand apart. Their primary flow in the cat comes from impulses. By setting the frequency of pulses passing between the LF, and their frequency, which means the spectral composition of the signal, which corresponds to the IF-HF ranges, you can select a metal detector that will combine the positive power of LF, IF and HF or get excited.

Search method

There are at least 10 methods for searching for objects using additional EMF. Well, let’s say, the method of direct digitization of a signal from a computer-processed cable is a share of professional stagnation.

Self-propelled metal tricks from circuit design will be carried out in the most advanced ways:

• Parametric.
• We transmit and receive.
• With accumulated phases.
• Na bitya.

Without a prime mover

Parametric metal jokers gradually fall out of their adherence to the principle of action: they have neither a target nor a primary coil. For detection, the parameters of the generator coil - inductance and quality factor - are directly injected into the object, and the structure of the EMF is not significant. Changing the parameters of the coil is carried out by changing the frequency and amplitude of the coil, which vibrates, which is recorded in various ways: by changing the frequency and amplitude, by changing the flow of the generator, by changing the voltage in the loop PLL (phase-locked loop system, “pulls up” it to a given value) and in.

Parametric metal detectors are simple, cheap and resistant to overload, but using them requires the use of new skills, because the frequency of "flowing" under the flow of external minds. Their sensitivity is weak; The most popular ones are magnetic detectors.

We receive and transmit

The device for the primary transmission metal detector is shown in Fig. on the cob, until the principle of dii is explained; The principle of work is also described there. Such devices allow you to achieve the highest efficiency in your frequency range, but are complex in circuit design, using a particularly clear coil system. Metal guns with one coil are called inductive. Their repetition is better, because The problem of correct rotating of the coils often disappears one by one, but the circuit design of the folding circuit is necessary to distinguish between the weak secondary signal and the strong primary one.

Note: In pulsed transceiver metal detectors, vision problems may also arise. It is explained that as the second signal to “catch” the so-called sound. “tail” of the impulse re-promoted by the object. The first impulse in the dispersion, when re-transmitted, is diffused, and part of the secondary impulse appears in the space between the first ones, the signs are difficult to see.

Until the clink

Metal detectors with accumulated phases, or phase-sensitive ones, are either single-coil pulse, or with two generators that operate on their own coil. In the first phase, the fact is that the impulses, when re-prominent, are diffused and dampened. As the hour progresses, the phases increase; When it reaches a song value, the discriminator starts working and the headphones start clicking. As the world gets closer to the object, the clattering becomes more frequent and the sound becomes increasingly high-pitched. “Pirate” was created on this very principle.

In another case, the technology is the same, but they use 2 strictly symmetrical electrical and geometric generators, depending on their size. In this case, as a result of the interaction of their EMFs, mutual synchronization is achieved: the generators operate at the same time. When the halal EMP is triggered, synchronization begins, which is felt like the same clacking, and then the tone. Bicoil metal guns with visual synchronization are simpler than impulse ones, but less sensitive: their penetration is 1.5-2 times less. Discrimination in both types is close to extreme.

Phase-sensitive metal detectors are favorite tools of resort prospectors. Try to adjust your settings so that exactly above the object the sound disappears again: the clicking frequency moves into the ultrasonic region. In this way, on the turtle beach it is possible to find gold catkins the size of a fingernail at a depth of up to 40 cm. However, on soil with different heterogeneities, watered and mineralized, metal miners with accumulated phases sacrifice other parametric.

Behind the squeak

The beat of 2 electrical signals is a signal with a frequency that is similar to the sum or difference of the fundamental frequencies of the output signals or multiples of them - harmonics. So, for example, if signals with frequencies of 1 MHz and 1000500 Hz or 1.0005 MHz are applied to the inputs of a special device - a mixer, and before the mixer output, connect headphones or a speaker, then you will hear a pure tone of 500 Hz. If the 2nd signal will be 200-100 Hz or 200.1 kHz, it will be the same, because 200100 x 5 = 1000500; we “caught” 5 harmony.

Metal workers have 2 generators on their beats: a support one and a working one. The coil of the collateral support circuit is small, protected from third-party inputs, and its frequency is stabilized by a quartz resonator (simply quartz). The circuit coil of the working (sound) generator is the sound generator, and this frequency lies in the presence of objects in the sound zone. Before searching, adjust the working generator to zero bits, then. until frequencies rise. The sound should not reach absolute zero, but should be adjusted to a very low tone or wheezing, so it’s easier to joke. By changing the tone of the battle, one can judge the visibility, size, power and expansion of the object.

Note: Most often, the frequency of the sound generator is taken from a number of times lower than the reference and applied to the harmonics. This allows, first of all, to eliminate the wasteful influx of generators; in another way, or rather, adjust the technique, and thirdly, conduct the search at the optimal frequency.

Metal detectors on harmonics are folded for pulses and work on any ground. Properly prepared and adjusted, the stench does not compromise on impulse. The process can be judged from the fact that the gold-searching beach-goers will not agree on what is better: an impulse or a beater?

The cat is different

The most widespread use of radio amators is the absolutization of circuit technology. Having said that, if the scheme is “cool”, then everything will be top-notch. However, metal jokers are not the same, because... Their operational advantages lie most heavily in the design and production of the sound coil. Like some resort prospector said: “The detector’s knowledge is to blame for the gut, not the legs.”

When developing it, I will adjust its circuit and adjust the parameters of the coil one by one until the optimum is achieved. If a scheme with a “foreign” cat is used too soon, it will not reach the stated parameters. Therefore, when choosing a prototype for repetition, you will be amazed at the unique description of the cat. If it is incorrect or inaccurate, another approach would be better.

About the size of cats

A large (wide) coil more effectively promotes EMF and better “enlightens” the soil. This search zone is wider, allowing you to change the “feeling of your feet.” However, if a large unnecessary object appears in the search zone, its “forget” signal is weak in relation to the item that is being searched. That’s why it’s important, brothers and sisters, to work with a metal detector and deal with insurance coverage with cats of different sizes.

Note: Typical diameters of coils are 20-90 mm for searching for reinforcement and profiles, 130-150 mm “for beach gold” and 200-600 mm “for great snow”.

monoloop

Traditional type of metal detector coil so called. thin coil or Mono Loop (single loop): a ring with many turns of enamel copper wire with a width and thickness of 15-20 times less than the average diameter of the ring. The advantages of a monoloop coil are a weak distribution of parameters depending on the type of soil, a search zone that is sounded down to the bottom, which allows, with a rolling detector, to more accurately determine the depth and distribution of the find, and structural simplicity. Inadequacies mean low quality factor, which is why in the process of searching for “water” adjustment, the sensitivity to overflow and spillage is often the reaction to the object: a robot with a monoloop requires significant evidence of the use of this particular instance of the device. Self-propelled metal snares are recommended to work with a monoloop, so that without any particular problems you can remove the original design and get the buzz out of it.

Inductance

When choosing circuits, in order to determine the reliability of the author’s designs, and especially with independently designed and tested ones, it is necessary to know the inductance of the coil and take it into account. However, if you are using a metal detector from a purchased set, you still need to check the inductance with measurements or scales, so as not to later confuse your head: why, the entire axis is working properly, and not squeaking.

Calculators for calculating the inductance of coils are available on the Internet, but a computer program cannot transfer all types of practice. Also in Fig. an old nomogram has been given, which has been verified for decades for the development of large-ball catfish; a thin cat is a very large-sized cat.

To develop a sound monoloop, use the nomogram as follows:

• Take the value of inductance L from the description of the device and the size of the loop D, l and t, or your choice; Typical values: L = 10 mH, D = 20 cm, l = t = 1 cm.
• The nomogram indicates the number of turns w.
• Given the laying coefficient k = 0.5, the dimensions l (height of the coil) and t (width) mean the area of ​​the loop cross-section and the area of ​​the clean middle in it as S = klt.
• Having divided S by w, we can cut through the winding rod, and according to this, the diameter of the rod d.
• If it turned out d = (0.5 ... 0.8) mm, everything is OK. In another case, l i t increases at d>0.8 mm or changes at d<0,5 мм.

Changeability

The monoloop is good to “catch” pereshkodi, because It’s plugged in just like a frame antenna. It is possible to increase its resistance to overvoltage, first of all, by placing the winding in the so-called. Faraday shield: a metal tube, braided or winding with foil with a gap, so as not to create a short-circuited turn, which contains all EMP coils, div. rice. right-handed There is a dotted line on the output circuit of the designated sound coil (see diagram below), which means that the coil of this device is necessarily placed in the Faraday shield.

The screen is also seamlessly connected to the filament of the circuit. There is a trick here for beginners: the grounding conductor must be connected to the screen strictly symmetrically to the cut (see the same figure) and brought to the circuit also symmetrically to the signal wires, otherwise you will still “slip” into the cat shku.

The screen fades a part of the sound EMP, which reduces the sensitivity of the device. This effect is especially noticeable in pulse metal users; Their cats cannot be screened. In this case, greater protection against damage can be achieved by sizing the winding. The gist of it is that from a distant source the EMF coil is a point object, that is, the e.m.f. the overload in both halves is suppressed one by one. A symmetrical coil may be needed in the circuitry, either a push-pull generator or an inductive tripoint.

However, it is not possible to symmetry the coil with primary radio amplifiers using the bifilar method (div. Fig.) in this case: if conductive and/or ferromagnetic objects are found in the field of the bifilar coil, the symmetry is destroyed. Then the wear resistance of the metal gun will disappear when it is most needed. Therefore, it is necessary to re-wind the monoloop coil, div. the same fig. This symmetry is not destroyed in everyday settings, but winding a thin coil with a large number of turns in an overlapping way is a baking process, and it is also easier to create a coil.

Kaushik

Cat's cats take advantage of all the advantages of monoloops in an even larger world. In addition, female cats are stable, their quality is high, and those who have a flat cat are a real plus: sensitivity and discrimination increase. Until the end of the year, basket cats are less pleasant: poor e.r.s. in the darts, which overlap, extinguish one another. One minus - for cat-cats, a precisely cut wire and mandrel is required: the tension force of many turns reaches great values.

Structurally, cat cats are flat and voluminous, but an electrically voluminous “cat” is equivalent to flat. creates the same EMP. The volume of the basket coil is also less sensitive to overload, which is important for pulsed metal guns, the dispersion of the impulse in it is minimal, then. It is easier to detect dispersion caused by an object. The advantages of the original metal trickster “Pirate” are largely due to the fact that his “real” cat is a voluminous cat (marvelous figure), due to its winding it is more foldable and difficult.

It’s better for a beginner to wind a flat cat on his own, marvel. rice. lower. For “gold” metal guns or, say, for the descriptions of a “blizzard” metal gun and a simple 2-coil transmitter-receiver, non-standard computer disks will be used. Its metallization cannot be damaged: it is very thin and nickel. Indispensable mind: not paired, and not otherwise, the number of slits. A nomogram is not required for the development of a flat cat; conduct the rozrakhunok in the following manner:

• Set the diameter D2, which is equal to the outer diameter of the mandrel minus 2-3 mm, and take D1 = 0.5D2, which is optimal for sound coils.
• Following formula (2) in Fig. calculate the number of turns.
• Based on the difference D2 - D1 with a flat laying coefficient of 0.85, calculate the diameter of the hole in the insulation.

There is no need and no need to shake the cats

Some amateurs undertake to independently wind large crampons in the manner shown in Fig. below: loosen the frame from insulated flowers (pos. 1) or self-tapping screws, roll behind the diagram, pos. 2 (in this step, pos. 3, for the number of turns, a multiple of 8; through the skin 8 turns, the “thread” is repeated), then pin, pos. 4 The mandrel is twisted and the pin is cut off. It suddenly turns out that the tensioned coils cut the spine and the whole job went wrong. In order to wind securely, you need to paste pieces of metal plastic into the openings of the base and then wind only. And remember: independent growth of a cat’s cat’s cat’s cat’s volume without reliable computer programs is impossible; The technique for a flat cat is not applicable at all.

DD cats

DD in this type does not mean range, but a secondary or differential detector; the original has DD (Double Detector). This cat has 2 halves (shoulders), folded with a thick cross. With precise electrical and geometric balance of the shoulders of the DD poshukov, the EMP is drawn into the cross section, right-handed in the figure; left-handed - monoloop cat and this field. The least heterogeneity of space in the listening zone indicates an imbalance, and a strong, sharp signal appears. The DD-kotushka allows the uninformed Shukacheva to identify another deep object, which is good to carry out if there is a rusty jar in front of it.

DD cats are clearly oriented “to gold”; All metal detectors with GOLD markings are equipped with them. However, on highly heterogeneous and/or conductive soils, stinks are either completely false or often give false signals. The sensitivity of the DD cat is very high, but the discrimination is close to zero: the signal is either borderline or completely absent. That's why metal detectors with DD cats give advantage to pranksters who want to call it "discovery."

Note: The report about the cat's DD can be found further in the description of the relevant metal hunter. Shake the shoulders DD or in bulk, like a monoloop, on a special frame, div. Dali, or with cats.

How to attach a cat

Ready-made frames and mandrels for sound coils are sold in a wide assortment, but sellers don’t skimp on markups. There are a lot of people who like to cut the base of the cat out of plywood, using the fig.

Decal design

Parametric

The simplest metal detector for searching fittings, wiring, profiles and communications near walls and ceilings can be taken from Fig. The old MP40 transistor will be replaced without any reason by the KT361 or its analogues; To freeze the PNP transistors, you must change the polarity of the battery.

This metal detector is a parametric type magnet detector that operates on low frequencies. The sound tone in the headphones can be changed by selecting the C1 capacity. As the object infuses, the tone decreases, to the exclusion of all other types, which initially requires a “mosquito squeak” rather than a wheezing or muttering. The device cuts the wiring under the pump when empty, and a 50 Hz hum is superimposed on the tone.

The circuit is a pulse generator with an inductive feedback coupling and frequency stabilization by an LC circuit. The circuit coil is an output transformer from an old transistor receiver or a low-voltage “bazaar-Chinese” low-voltage power supply. It would be better to use a transformer from the unsuitable housing of the Polish antenna, in which case, having cut the hemlock plug, you can remove the entire device, then power it better with 3 V lithium button batteries. Winding II in Fig. – primordial chimerezheva; I – secondary or reduced by 12 V. In fact, the generator operates with the voltage of the transistor, which ensures energy savings and a wide range of pulses, which makes it easier to hear.

To convert the transformer into a sensor, its magnetoconductor must be disconnected: remove the frame with windings, take the straight jumpers of the core - the yoke - and fold the W-like plates into one side, like the right-handed one in the figure, then put the windings back. Once the details are complete, the device begins to work immediately; However, it is necessary to interchange the ends of the skin with the windings.

The folding diagram is parametric - in Fig. right-handed L with capacitors C4, C5 and C6 is adjusted to 5, 12.5 and 50 kHz, and the quartz transmits the amplitude of the 10th, 4th harmonics and the fundamental tone in a similar manner. The scheme is more for those who like to get stuck on the table: the tunes are richly tuned, but “sensibly”, as it seems, is not at all. Aim more for the butt.

Priimalny

A very sensitive receiver-transmitting metal detector with a DD coil, which can be developed in home systems without much difficulty, marvelous. rice. Zliva – transmission; right-handed - primach. There itself is a description of the power of different types of DD.

Tsey metaloshukach – LF; Poshukova frequency is close to 2 kHz. Depth revealed: Radyansky pyatak – 9 cm, canning plaque – 25 cm, sewer hatch – 0.6 m. The “triple” parameters, or you can master the robotic method with DD, first move on to folding structures.

The coils are made of 80 turns of 0.6-0.8 mm PE shot, wound in bulk on a mandrel with a thickness of 12 mm, as shown in Fig. left-handed The adjustment to the parameters of the coil is not critical, but it would be new and arranged strictly symmetrically. Zagalom is a good and cheap trainer for those who want to master any kind of technique, incl. "for gold." Although the sensitivity of this metal prankster is low, discrimination is very good regardless of the vikoristan DD.

To improve the situation, I will first replace the L1 transmission by turning on the headphones and switching the tone in them while the generator is running. Then short-circuit the L1 input and select R1 and R3 and install a voltage on the collectors VT1 and VT2 that is approximately half the life voltage. Then R5 set the VT3 collector string in the range of 5..8 mA, unmute the L1 trigger and that’s it, you can search.

With accumulated phases

The designs in this section demonstrate all the advantages of the phase accumulation method. The first metal prankster is important for practical purposes and will be inexpensive, because... This is the most difficult part of cutting from cardboard, div.

The adjustment does not matter; integrated timer 555 - analogue of the manufactured IC (integrated microcircuit) K1006ВІ1. All transformations of the signal are obtained from her; The search method is impulse. All in all, you need a piezoelectric (crystalline) speaker, or replace your headphones with IMC and you'll soon be out of trouble.

The inductance of the coil is approximately 10 mH; operating frequency – no more than 100-200 kHz. With a mandrel thickness of 4 mm (1 ball per cardboard), a coil with a diameter of 90 mm contains 250 turns of PE 0.25, and a 70 mm - 290 turns.

Metal joker "Metelik", div. rice. right-handed, in its parameters it is already close to professional devices: the radian heel should be found at a depth of 15-22 cm, lying flat to the ground; sewer hatch - at a depth of up to 1 m. day at the synchronization points; diagram, board and type of installation - in Fig. lower. Damn it, there are 2 large spools with a diameter of 120-150 mm, not DD! It’s not your fault to get over the stench! The two speakers are piezoelectric, as in the front. vipadku. Capacitors are thermally stable, mica and high-frequency ceramic.

The power of “Metelik” will be reduced, and it will be easier to adjust it, as, first of all, wrap the cats with flat cats; The inductance is determined at a given operating frequency (up to 200 kHz) and the capacitance of the loop capacitors (10,000 pF per circuit). The diameter of the hole is 0.1 to 1 mm, the larger it is, the shorter it is. Introduced into the skin, work in a third of the turns, raucously from the cold (bottom behind the diagram) end. Alternatively, replace the transistors with a 2-transistor assembly for K159NT1 diffusion circuits or analogues; A pair of transistors mounted on one chip has the same parameters, which is important for circuits with visual synchronization.

To operate Metelika, it is necessary to accurately adjust the inductance of the coils. The author of the design recommends breaking up the turns or lining the coils with ferite, and from the point of view of electromagnetic and geometric symmetry, it would be better to connect parallel capacitors of 10,000 pF to 100-150 pF and rotate them when adjusted in different ways.

It’s awkward to live in power: it’s a good idea to squeak. Along the way, we bring an aluminum saucepan or a beer can to the pot. Before one, the squeak becomes louder and louder; before the other - lower and quieter or completely locking. Here we add a little to the capacity of the adjuster, and collect it in the back shoulder. In 3-4 cycles you can achieve complete silence in the speakers - ready to listen.

More about “Pirate”

Let’s turn to the famous “Pirate”; This is a pulse transceiver with accumulated phases. The scheme is even clearer and can be used as a classic for this purpose.

The transmission consists of a generator (SG), which sets the same 555 timer and the pressure key on T1 and T2. Zliva is a variant of ZG without IMC; In this case, you will have to set the frequency of pulse passage on the oscilloscope to 120-150 Hz R1 and the pulse duration to 130-150 µs R2. Kotushka L – zagalna. Intermediation on diodes D1 and D2 for a flow of 0.5 A is supported by the QP1 input booster. On QP2 there is a discriminator; At the same time, the stench adds up to two operational boosters K157UD2. In the future, the “tails” of re-promoted pulses accumulate in container C5; when the “reservoir is refilled”, a pulse will jump at the output of QP2, which will be applied to T3 and give rise to clanking dynamics. Resistor R13 regulates the filling speed of the “reservoir” and, therefore, the sensitivity of the device. You can learn more about “Pirate” from the video:

Video: metal joker "Pirate"

and about the peculiarities of this adjustment - from the offensive video:

Video: adjusting the threshold of the metal joker "Pirate"

On bitty

Those who want to appreciate all the beauty of the process of searching for a battle with changeable cats can take the metal joker behind the diagram in Fig. Its special feature, first of all, is cost-effectiveness: the entire circuit is assembled on CMOS logic and supports even a small stage without any object. On the other hand, the device works on harmonics. The reference oscillator DD2.1-DD2.3 is stabilized by ZQ1 quartz at 1 MHz, and the sound generator on DD1.1-DD1.3 operates at a frequency of approximately 200 kHz. When adjusting the device before the sound, you will need to “catch” the harmonic with a VD1 varicap. The mixing of the operating and reference signals is configured in DD1.4. The third is this metal joke attached to robots with changeable cats.

IMC 176-series is better replaced with the same 561-series, the flow will change, and sensitivity will increase. It’s simply not possible to replace the old Radian headphones TOM-1 (or rather TON-2) with a low-impedance player: they will revert to DD1.4. It is necessary to either put a booster on the “Pirate” circuit (C7, R16, R17, T3 and a speaker on the “Pirat” circuit), or to vikorize the speaker.

Adjustment after collecting this metal joke does not matter. Coils are monoloops. These data for a 10 mm thick frame:

• Diameter 25 mm - 150 turns PEV-1 0.1 mm.
• Diameter 75 mm - 80 turns PEV-1 0.2 mm.
• Diameter 200 mm – 50 turns PEV-1 0.3 mm.

It doesn’t get any simpler

Now let’s finish this whole thing: obviously, how to work, there’s nothing in radio engineering, a metal detector, which looks. The metal trick is “easier” to assemble from a radio receiver, a calculator, a cardboard or plastic box with a hinged lid and a strip of double-sided tape.

The metal detector “from the radio” is pulsed, the prote for identifying objects is determined not by dispersion and not by delay with accumulated phases, but by turning the vector of the magnetic EMF during re-prominence. On the forums they write about this device in different ways, from “super” to “dilution”, “dilution” and words, which are not accepted to live on the sheet. So, if the result is not “super”, but if you want a completely useful device, its warehouses - a receiver and a calculator - must be satisfied with the singing benefits.

Calculator the most advanced and cheapest, “alternative” one is required. Rob this in offshore dumps. There are no indications about the standards for the electromagnetic properties of everyday equipment, and if they felt about it, they wanted to eat from the soul and brutally. That's why the local vibrations need to be filled with strong pulse radio signals; They are generated by the calculator's clock generator. Sometimes strobe pulses in the air are used to sense the space.

Priymach You will need a cheap one, similar to similar ones, without any special means of increasing the resistance until it breaks down. This is due to the AM band and, which is absolutely necessary, a magnetic antenna. Fragments received with short tails (HF, SW) on a magnetic antenna are rarely sold and are expensive, you will have to exchange medium tails (SV, MW), otherwise it will be easier to adjust.

1. We put the box with the lid into a book.
2. On the back side of the calculator and radio we stick it with adhesive tape and secure it to the device in the box, div. rice. right-handed Priymach - placed at the door, so that you have access to the controls.
3. Turns on the receiver, which is tuned to maximum volume on the AM band(s), a section that is free from radio stations and can be cleared from ethereal noise. For CB it will be close to 200 m or 1500 kHz (1.5 MHz).
4. Turn on the calculator: the receiver is guilty of buzzing, wheezing, and burning; zagalom, dati tone. We can’t clean up the grossness!
5. As I feel silent, carefully and smoothly softening, the docks appear; We were caught by the harmonics of the calculator's strobe generator.
6. We are slowly putting together a “book” until the tone weakens, becomes more musical, and disappears altogether. Everything will work better if you turn the lid around 90 degrees. Thus, we have found a situation in which the magnetic vector of the primary impulses is oriented perpendicular to the axis of the ferite rod of the magnetic antenna and does not receive them.
7. We fix the cover with a foam insert, a rubber pad or supports.

Note: It is important to consider the design of the device and there is a possible reversal option - to adjust the harmonics of the device, place the calculator on the switches, and then, unfolding the “book”, try to soften or lower the tone. In this case, the impulses from the object are noticeable.

What's next? If an electrically conductive or ferromagnetic object appears near the open “book”, the probe pulses will be reversed, and their magnetic vector will rotate. The magnetic antenna “senses” them and will give the tone again. Then we already knew.

It's so amazing

And information about one metal joker “for newbies” with a calculator, only instead of the radio you need 2 computer disks, a CD and a DVD. Also - earphones (the earphones themselves, behind the authors’ songs) and the Krona battery. Apparently, this view looks like a technomyth, like a crystal of a memorable mercury antenna. Well, the devil doesn't fry. Axis for you video:

Try whatever you want, you might find something there, both in the subject matter and in the scientific and technical sense. Good luck!

Yak addendum

There are hundreds, if not thousands, of schemes and designs of metal guns. In addition to the material, we give a list of models, in addition to the test’s guesses, which seem to be in circulation in the Russian Federation, not prohibitively expensive and available for repetition or self-assembly:

• Clone.
11 ratings, average: 4,91 iz 5)

Metal sniper circuit

Today, to your respects, I would like to present a diagram of a metal gun, and everything is different from what you see in the photograph. The scheme of a good metal slayer

In other words, the metal joker is called Tesoro Eldorado

The metal detector can operate in the mode of searching for all metals and in background discrimination.

Technical characteristics of the metal gun.

The principle of action is induction-balance
-Operating frequency, kHz 8-10kHz
-Dynamic robot mode
-Precise detection mode (Pin-Point) for static
-Kharchuvannya, B 12
- Sensitivity level regulator
-Threshold tone regulator є
-Vidbudova in the ground (manual)

Depth detected in the wind with a DD-250mm sensor In the ground, it is possible to study the target in the same way as in the wind.
-Coins 25mm - close to 30cm
-Ring of gold - 25cm
-helmet 100-120cm
-maximum depth 150cm
-Strum accommodation:
-Without sound approximately 30 mA

The most important and intriguing diagram of the device itself

Images can easily become larger when pressed on them.

To assemble a metal gun, the required parts are:

Even though you have not had to spend a long time adjusting the device, work on folding and soldering carefully, the board does not have to remove any clamps.

For plating boards, it is best to rinse the rosin with alcohol; after plating the tracks, do not forget to wipe the tracks with alcohol

Board with side parts

Folding begins solder a jumper, then resistors, far away the panels under the microcircuits and everything is different. Another small recommendation, now it’s time to prepare and pay for the preparation. You really need a tester that can measure the capacitance of capacitors. On the right in what fits There are two channels of amplification, therefore, it is necessary to go through them as accurately as possible, and for this purpose it is important to select the details that are repeated on the skin cascade of amplification so that they have the most consistent parameters measured by the tester (the same as those shown in a specific cascade on one channel - the same signals on the same cascade and in another channel)

Preparing a coil for a metal sniper

Today there is news about the production of the sensor in a finished housing, so the photo is of no use.
We take the housing firmly in the required place and install the cable, the cable is ringed and the ends are marked.
Next we wind the cats. The DD sensor is prepared according to the same principle as for all balancers, so we focus only on the necessary parameters.
TX – transmitting coil 100 turns 0.27 RX – receiving coil 106 turns 0.27 enamelled winding wire.

After winding, the bobbins will be tightly wound with threads and varnish will seep through.

After hanging, wrap the tape tightly around each stake. The top is screened with foil, between the end and the ear of the foil there is an uncapped gap of 1 cm to avoid the short-circuited turn.

The coil can be screened with graphite, for which 1:1 graphite with nitro varnish is used and is covered with an even ball on top of a tinned copper 0.4 dart wound on the coil (without gaps), the wire is connected to the screen .

We put it into the housing, connect it and approximately bring the coils into balance, the ferrite is due to a double beep, to a single coin, which is then changed in place of the primary winding. The skin and the cat are adjusted according to the frequency of okremo, it is not to blame for the presence of precious metal objects! The coils are tuned with an attachment to vibrate the resonance. We connect the set-top box to the Eldorado board in parallel with the coil that transmits and measures the frequency, far from the RX coil and selects the desired frequency at 600 Hz with a capacitor, which is lower than that in TX.

After selecting the resonance, we take the coil together and check and adjust the entire scale VDI from aluminum foil to the middle, if we do not adjust the entire scale, then we select the capacity of the resonant capacitor in the RX with a crochet of 0.5-1nf in both directions, moment If the device produces discriminatory foil and copper at a minimum, and if the discrimination is turned up, the entire scale will be reversed.

Next, to lighten the coil, we glue the empty polyfoam with splices; the polyfoam sits on the hot-melt glue, just like after pouring the coil in the drain.

Fill the first ball of epoxy, not adding to the top 2-3mm

We pour another ball of resin with a sealant. As a shade, aniline barberry is well suited for making fabric; the powder comes in different colors and is made into copies.

The correctness of the folded payment begins by checking the correct supply of housing to all universities.

Take the circuit and the tester, select the life on the board, and using the circuit, run the tester through all points of the nodes where the food may be supplied.
When the discreet knob is set to minimum, the device is guilty of leaking all color metals

, when screwed up, the discrepancy is to blame

everything was thrown in order until the midday is not guilty, as it was adjustedThis means that the adjustments have been made correctly. The discrimination scale needs to be adjusted so that it fits completely by turning the discrimination knob again, selecting from 10. When the capacity changes, the scale expands to be and inadvertently.

Today, there are a lot of ways to make a metal-prank booth absolutely independently, without the help of fakers. Some will require a basic knowledge of physics and some basic knowledge of working with electrical and radio equipment. Others don’t require the same special skills, and even a beginner can independently pick up metal tricks from the home with his own hands.

How to make metal junk from disks yourself

It’s easy to make metal crafts at home with your own hands for additional two discs - CD and DVD. This method is very simple and does not require the usual folding components. Everything that is needed for this is:

• CD and DVD disc. The brothers are two-sided, then the metal swashbuckler’s sensitivity will be a rich asset.
• Whatever calculator you have in your hand, you can take the simplest and cheapest one
• headphones
• battery size "crown"
• glue and insulator

Sequence of actions

The metal joker is ready, You can start before the next test. To make it easier to handle, you can attach a hand crank to the metal gun. To search for coins and metal in the ground, the effort of such a device will not be enough, but in the daytime you may be in trouble. For example, for searching for hidden wiring, a walled wall, or for finding a metal profile under a sheet of plasterboard.

Metal joker from radio receiver and calculator

In order to make such a metal joker, The following speeches are required:

1. Empty box for CD
2. The simplest and cheapest calculator
3. Radio receiver that operates on the AM frequency
4. Double-sided tape or electrical tape
5. Tsvyakhi
6. Wooden club as a mop

Collection procedure

Sequence of collection offensive.

In this way, you can make a metal craft with your own hands at home, without any special knowledge or skills. Ale trace vrahovat that similar metal swindlers not suitable for serious jokes metal objects under the ground, because the radius of its action is small. For folding devices, you should try to select a device of the "blizzard" or "terminator" type. On the one hand, if everything works out, you can spare a nasty amount of pennies, but on the other hand, as the fahivists insist, like self-made metal pricks don’t forget to perform as intended.

Ladovo joke is extremely popular. Adults and children, amateurs and professionals joke. They search for treasures, coins, wasted speeches and buried metal stones. And the main guns for searching metal joker.

There is no trace of various metal jokes, no matter how “taste and color”. But for rich people, buying a ready-made branded metal machine is simply a financial burden. And who wants to pick up metal jokes with their own hands, and who wants to continue their small business on their own basis.

Self-propelled metal pranksters

What is the section of our site? about self-made metal jokers, I will select: better metal schemes, their descriptions, programs and other data for the preparation do-it-yourself metal slayer. Here, do not wake up the circuits of metal jokers from the SRSR and circuits with two transistors. Such metal detectors are not suitable for scientific demonstration of the principles of metal detection, and are not at all suitable for real detection.

All metal detectors in this section will be more technologically advanced. The stench has good sound characteristics. And competently assembled self-made metal craftsmen will not be spared in favor of factory analogues. Basically there are a variety of schemes presented here pulse metal prankstersі metal detector circuits based on metal discrimination.

But for the preparation of these metal tricks, you will need not only a baguette, but also singing skills and memory. We tried to break down the guidance circuits of these metal pranksters with equal complexity.

In addition to the basic data required for collecting metal guns, there will also be information about the required minimum level of knowledge and equipment for independent preparation of metal guns.

To assemble a metal trick with your own hands, you will definitely need:

This list will contain the necessary tools, materials and equipment for the self-assembly of all metal craftsmen. For many schemes you will need a variety of additional equipment and materials, here are just a few basic ingredients for all schemes.

1. Soldering iron, solder, tin and other soldering iron.
2. Screwdrivers, pliers, wire cutters and other tools.
3. Materials and skills for making wooden boards.
4. Minimal evidence of knowledge in electronics and electrical engineering as well.
5. And also straight arms will be even brown when folding the metal gun with your own hands.

Here you can find diagrams for self-folding of the following models of metal guns:

	Robot principle	I.B.
	Discrimination of metals	є
	Maximum depth by search
		є
	Operating frequency	4 - 17 kHz
	Collapsibility rhubarb	Middle

	Robot principle	I.B.
	Discrimination of metals	є
	Maximum depth by search	1-1.5 meters (to be equal to the size of the cat)
	Programming microcontrollers	є
	Operating frequency	4 - 16 kHz
	Collapsibility rhubarb	Middle

	Robot principle	I.B.
	Discrimination of metals	є
	Maximum depth by search	1 - 2 meters (depending on the size of the cat)
	Programming microcontrollers	є
	Operating frequency	4.5 - 19.5 kHz
	Collapsibility rhubarb	High

A metal detector is an electronic device for detecting and detecting loose metals, objects made of metal, which can be stored in various depths under sand, the ground, near walls and various structures.

The principles of metal circuits based on transistors, microcircuits and microcontrollers are introduced. A factory-made metal gun requires an expensive device, so the independent production of a self-made metal gun can save a lot of money.

Schemes of modern metal tricks can be inspired by different principles of operation, the most popular of which is overestimated:

• Beat method (change of reference frequency);
• Induction balance at low frequencies;
• Induction balance on separate coils;
• Pulse method.

A lot of radio-amators and pranksters are asking questions about food: how to prepare metal pranksters yourself? It is important to develop your knowledge of the simple circuits of a metal detector in order to be able to use a similar device and learn the first skills in detecting treasures and viruses from different colored metals.

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