Automation for incubator on PIC controller

Koltunik Yu.Yu.

Good health to everyone!

I will prepare it at your discretion, and if necessary, repeat it, I will use a device to control the incubation process. When setting up devices, you can maintain the set temperature, temperature, and rotate the settings for an hour.

The heart of the device is the PIC16F628A microcontroller. The sensor is DHT-22. Control of heating, cooking and turning of egg trays is placed on the relay.

Depending on the position of the regulator of resistor R6, determine the contrast of the symbols that are displayed on the indicator. Transistors can be either n-p-n, the maximum flow of the collector is to blame for twice the operating flow of stagnant relays.
The diagram of the annex is presented below:

This scheme is similar to that of the statistics

The temperature hysteresis is negative, if the temperature is set to +20 degrees C and the hysteresis is 0.5 degrees, then the heater will turn on at twenty degrees and turn on at +19.5 C. Vologist works in a similar way. The temperature control range is from 35.0 to 38.5 degrees C. The humidity is from 30.0 to 90.0 °C. The turnaround time can be set from 2 to 255 hours. And the hour of feeding food to the final mechanism varies from 1 to 254 hours. Which function has undergone changes. After the end of the skin peeling, the device saves in a non-volatile memory the values ​​of the touch-up and the coupling signal.

When the device is turned on, the following information appears: Figure 2

and then showing the measured temperature and moisture content. Figure 3.

Adjustment is made using buttons SB1, SB2, SB3, SB4, SB5.

Functions of the buttons:
SB1 – change in temperature and thermostat
SB2 – increased thermostat temperature
SB3 - button for changing hysteresis and temperature settings
SB1 when pressed SB3 - Change in temperature hysteresis
SB2 when pressed SB3 - Increased temperature hysteresis
SB4 when pressed SB3 - Change in hysteresis of hair
SB5 when pressed SB3 - Increased hysteresis of hair
SB4 – change in the value of moisture
SB5 – increased amount of moisture

Malyunki 4, 5 and 6.

The device displays the service menu. To enter we press:
SB2 Temperature +
SB3 Hysteresis
SB5 Vologist +

This menu, updated from the previous version, has undergone new changes, and itself: Figure 7.

Bachimo real temperature, which is measured by the sensor Real Temp=35.0C
And below, pressing the buttons SB1 and SB2, you set the required, calibrated temperature. Correct T=35.0C.

The temperature can be adjusted to plus or minus 10 degrees C. T.O. If the temperature measured by the sensor is “Real Temp = 35.0C”, we can set the value from 25.0 to 45.0 degrees W. In this case, changes are made in real time mode. If you do not change the adjustment settings, the new temperature data will be displayed for 1.5 seconds, and the value of the adjustment will be overridden. After entering the temperature adjustment value, press SB3 (0.5 sec) - Confirm selection and transition (Malyunok 8) at the next menu step:

In this menu we can customize the indications of volosti. All settings are similar to temperature settings.

After entering the value, the adjustment of the moisture is pressed
SB3 (0.5 sec) - Confirm the selection and move to the next menu:
As soon as you write Povorot ON, Motor down (Malyunok 9), all buttons are released.

Next you can select using the buttons:
SB2 - “Enable” the rotation function (Povorot ON)
SB1 - “Turn on” the rotation function (Povorot OFF)
SB5 - Direct uphill rollover (Motor UP)
SB4 - Direct overturn "Down" (Motor DN)

After increasing/depressing the rotation function, selecting the direct direction of the motor, press:

SB3 (0.5 sec) - Confirms the selection and moves to the next menu.
As soon as the words Timer SET and Power On (Malyunok 10) are written, all buttons are released.

Next you can select using the buttons:
SB2 - Increase the cool-down period between changes directly to the handle
SB1 - Change the cool-down period between changes directly to the rukh
SB5 - Increase the period of voltage supply to the motor
SB4 - Change the period of voltage supply to the motor

After adjusting the coup timers, press:
SB3 (0.5 sec) - Confirmation of selection and transition to the main program.
If you turn the turn function OFF, then after confirmation we will go to the main part of the program, without setting timers for the turn function. When running the program in normal mode, in order to activate the flip function timers, press SB3 (1 sec) and release, the display will show the hysteresis value, and then the flip function timers, and directly flip. Figure 11.

Once the hysteresis has been adjusted, the timer functions will not be displayed. Figure 12.

As soon as the sensor fails, the device turns on the heater and the grinder, the turning function continues to operate.
The following notification appears on the screen:

After replacing the sensor or eliminating damage to the device, turn to work.

The Drukovan board can be used with the latest version ""

I would really like to press the buttons to enter the skin menu to set up the settings immediately. For example, we need to adjust the temperature values, and I just don’t want to go through all the service menus. To make it easier, I will add additional buttons:
To enter the temperature adjustment menu press: SB1 and SB2 when the indicator is on (Small 14) press:

To enter the adjustment menu, press: SB4 and SB5 On the screen (Small 15) there will be:

To enter the flip function menu, press: SB1 and SB5 Bachimo baby 16.

To enter the flip timer menu, press: SB2 and SB4 Bachimo Malyunok 17.

When you enter one of the menus, we will describe the associated buttons and exit to the main operating mode of the device. There are two ways out:

1. Press SB3 for 0.5 sec
2. Inactivity of the koristuvach for 16 seconds.

If any settings have been changed, a notification will be displayed (Mal. 18) about the success of saving settings and settings:

To reverse the engine, you can use the diagram shown in figure 19.

Or suitable, zi statti

Heating control can be done using an additional relay or using a circuit diagram based on the statistics
« »

It is important to note that the functions are reset to “factory settings”
For which the heating unit is turned on, press SB2 SB3 SB5, and then the life is pressed.

The device will display a notification about the video (Malyunok 20) ​​three seconds before the discount:

Signs up to discard and confirm (Mal. 21) to the following:

After downloading, the following parameters will be installed:
Temperature 37.5C
Vologist 50.0%
Hysteresis:
Temperature 0.1C
Vologist 3.0%
Vimk coup.
Straight Down.
Coup timer 120 hvilin
Live timer 20 hvilin

All the best, joy and success in your projects;) Yuren_110

Enchant the project file

Electrical diagram of the egg turning system in the incubator.

Warehouse elements of electrical circuits are collected from the simplest, without parts or mechanisms.

Automatic egg turning system consists of a mechanical part, connected by hinged joints with a viscous material, on which trays with eggs are placed, or directly with the trays themselves, and an electrical part, which includes end contacts (fixed sensors) log) and final block.

Switching the modes of the electrical circuits turns the eggs in the incubator.

We vikoristano small quartz alarm clock of the Chinese production. The technologically advanced industrial incubators had a mechanical timer system with end-actuators, which were created by pressing the adjusting bolts installed on the time dial of the disk, which turns instead of the arrows.

This system was taken as the basis.

On the dial of the quartz dial, through the skins 90° (15, 30, 45, 60 points), contacts are fixed, through which voltage is supplied to the windings of the control relay. And the contacts are closed by a thin arrow, on which there is a small spring electrical contact on the lower side of the fastenings.

The dial can be processed in any way: gluing contact rings, melting it with a hot soldering iron, placing foils with contact markings, vicorizing photoelements, reed contacts - everything is at the discretion of the designer and everything depends on the available materials c.

Spring contact, installations on the thin arrow of tinned copper dart, won the softness of steel.

The arrow is plastic and can be easily melted with a hot soldering iron or glued to the finished contact.

The electrical circuit of the incubator rotary system is assembled to a minimum and is easy to assemble.

The principle of the electrical system is to turn the eggs in the incubator.

The control contacts (SAC1) are closed on the skin 15 times. Godinnik works in the emergency mode.

The electric drive unit of the egg turning system is located in the incubator.

The drive mechanism can be used in any of the following: children's electric toys, an electric drill unit, an old mechanical alarm clock, an electric drive mechanism for a car door, a rotating mechanism for a household fan heater or electric fan, This is a traction relay with a vacuum regulator, choose a ready-made type of automatic control of the washing machine or prepare a self-propelled screw details (before speech, very simple and clear). Depend on the design and dimensions of the incubator itself.

If you use a gearbox with a crank mechanism, the head shaft has a larger diameter than the stroke of the rotating frame (with the frame positioned horizontally on the tray). With a screw mechanism, until the working threaded part is pressed in line with the movement of the system, the egg rotates.

The electric drive system turns the eggs in the incubator The screw mechanism is controlled by an electric motor with reversible switching, so that the motor is switched on alternately to the left and right side of the circuit.

Description of the electrical circuits of the incubator rotary system.

Powered by a life element, the quartz alarm clock operates in emergency mode. At equal intervals to the hour, and itself: through the skin of the fifteen wings of the current hour, the winged hand, passing over the contacts fixed on the dial, brings a spring contact to them and through them the electric lance closes. In this way, a signal signal is generated for the control relay (K2 or K3).

At the turn of the relay (K2 or K3), the electrical signal goes to the terminal switch (SQ1 or SQ2).

On the loose mechanism of the rotary system there is a rod, which moves simultaneously with the loose part of the system, presses on the key of the end switch, being in one of the extreme positions and thereby breaking the lance: switching modes-relay іntseviy vimikac.

It seems simpler, it goes like this: after switching modes (additional alarm clock), with the contacts closed, the voltage is applied to the control relay and then the terminal switch. If the terminal switch is in a closed state, the control relay will close and close the contacts of the control relay to the drive, which will supply life to the electric drive of the rotation system.

The system will start and the mechanism will move into one of two positions, which occurs when turning eggs in the incubator. Fixation of the extreme position will be carried out by pressing the end of the release mechanism against the pressure of the rod, which moves from the frame, onto the release button.

The circuit with reversible connections of the electric motor is partially modified to add another relay to the drive with two ceramic contacts.

Electronics enthusiasts can set up the digital timer by self-starting after a cycle or relay, just like it was set up by amateur photographers. There are plenty of options. You can get a ready-made electronic unit. Everything is a matter of possibility.

List of working parts.

1. SAC1 – mode switch.
2. K3 and K4 - control relay type REM-9 (10.15) or similar.
3. K1 and K2 - the drive relay with the commutation strum is connected to the vanation strum.
4. HV – light indicators.
5. SQ1 and SQ2 are terminal chemicals. You can replace micropermixers (MC) with older cassette recorders.

Your wine is not working. This is such a forum, the thermometers didn’t understand.
If I could understand your problem, tell me how long the incubator is planned for? I think there is no sense in repeating the scheme of the promise. You can take from the new basic parameters to ensure safe hatching of eggs. This turn is to be expected. The turning pattern may be ensured by the number of turns controller. Otherwise, you don’t know how to make turns.
That's right, the circuit is 12 volt. During the incubation period, you can install a battery as a backup. In the middle of the chamber there is a fan, which circulates throughout the entire hour of incubation. Once a day, the incubator is turned on for 40 - 1 year, and the doors are opened for easy access. This is an imitation that the trigger went to its right, well, let’s say, for example.
If there are enough eggs to feed, well, 400-500 pieces, the incubator must be equipped with a refrigeration system. At the beginning stage of incubation, a few days after the eggs are laid, they themselves begin to see heat, and heat loss through the walls of the incubator may not be sufficient for normal temperature in the incubator. Temperature variation is allowed +/- 0.3 C. In reality, it varies +/- 0.1 – 0.15 g. In addition, the ventilation system is to blame - a steady flow of fresh air in small quantities. Otherwise the egg will suffocate. I have a connection with the egg - it is not possible to wash the hatching egg - it will be clogged for a long time. On the other hand, we can clean it. It’s common practice to peel an egg with your fingers. I don’t know or have forgotten how to work in an incubator. I don’t know why I should clean it with brushes, or how to scrub it, in what way. Feed me into no one. I don’t even remember how to put an egg in a tray (I never put it there, just studied it) but I know for sure - it’s not abysmal. I am writing this so that you are brutalized on this respect.
Vologosti control is carried out with a psychrometer. At the end of the mercury contact thermometer, wrap three layers of gauze balls (a thin bandage) until water is gradually supplied (a thin bandage). Under normal conditions in the incubator, the temperature on the thermometer is 7 degrees. less than the incubator temperature. (If you have the ability to reverse it, turn it over and then just forget it) Having stopped selling energy drinks for poultry in 1987, the term passed is not small. Increased humidity in the incubator is achieved by dripping water onto the heating elements (shades), the residue becomes heated, and the water immediately evaporates. When the necessary water reaches the solenoid valve, the water supply is cut off.
i.caam.ru/sales/prom/rtutnij_kontaktnij_...H00030d04_339293.jpg
Place the eggs vertically in the tray and press down.
at the end uphill, in checkerboard order. In trays,
fried on a chicken egg, quail
eggs can be laid in two rows, and in front
Transfer the output to the output trays.
After filling the egg tray
disinfect. Most accessible
method - processing by butovim
ultraviolet viper ray 5-8
hv. from the stand 40 div.

"Start" is the initial switch with fixation.
Anything, raptom, that is not understood behind the scheme - feed. DRUK - output DD1.3 and input DD1.4 are connected at the same time.

To ensure correct operation of automation on various devices, it is often necessary to have a clock relay, which allows the various systems to switch on and off at regular intervals.

The device is widely used in everyday and professional devices, and the simplicity and simplicity of the design allows you to create it yourself, customizing it to your needs. Now let's report.

Various types of devices

There are many types of timers, but based on their operating principle they can be divided into 3 groups:

1. With electrical upgrades. A number of systems are visible:
   • electromagnetic accessories;
   • capacitor devices;
   • time relay with magnetic strength;
   • generator type.
2. Mechanical relays. There are options:
   • increased armature of the electromagnet;
   • vikoristannya of the Godinnikov mechanism;
   • I'll arrange the engine.
3. Electrothermal principle. It reads here:
   • relay with dual metal construction;
   • a system with a thread that will last;
   • selection of special thermistors;
   • the presence of gases and gases that are expanding;
   • heating the contact of the electronic lamp.

The principle of dii

1. Electromagnetic enhancement. Vikorist is used for the washing of a permanent stream, consists of the main winding and copper sleeve. When the strum is turned on, the main magnetic flow increases in the main winding, and the strum begins to flow in the sleeve, galvanizing the whole process. When vimicanna, a reverse pattern emerges, so that the flow does not allow the flow to drop sharply. The device can set the clock to 0.1 seconds when turned on and 1.4 seconds when turned off.
2. Pneumatic principle. The process involves changing the diameter of the opening for air intake. It is possible to trim up to 3 lines, but the accuracy of the application is very low.
3. Godinnikov mechanism. The device is based on an anchor mechanism and a spring that unwinds step by step, ensuring release within a short period of time.
4. Electronic devices. Analog and digital circuits are analyzed. Today it is possible to connect relays under the microprocessor. Often occurs in clear everyday technology.

Let's look at the simplest ways to prepare power booster systems.

12 Volt

We need a separate board, a soldering iron, a small set of capacitors to make relays, transistors, and capacitors.

The circuit is formed in such a way that when the button is turned on, there is a voltage on the plates of the tank. When the button is briefly pressed, the capacitor quickly charges, and then begins to discharge, supplying voltage through the transistor and the meter.

When the switch is closed or open, there will be no loss of a few volts on the capacitor.

The rate of discharge of the capacitor can be regulated by its capacity or the size of the support of the connected lance.

The order works:

• payment is being prepared;
• the paths are paved;
• Transistors, LEDs and relays are unsoldered.

220 volt

In principle, this scheme is no different from the previous one. The stream passes through one place and charges the capacitor. At this point the lamp lights up, indicating the role of vanity. Then the process of discharging and setting the timer begins. The procedure for folding and selecting tools is the same as for the first option.

NE555 circuit

The 555 chip is also called an integrated timer. This power supply guarantees the stability of the winding over an hourly period; the device does not respond to voltage changes.

When the button is turned off, one of the capacitors is discharged, and the system may remain in this state of non-significance for an hour. After pressing the button, the capacity begins to charge. After an hour, the circuit is discharged through the transistor.

The discharge transistor opens up, and the system transforms into a cob mill.

There are 3 robot modes:

• monostable. When there is an input signal, it is activated, the sound of a singing song comes out, and it is absorbed in the presence of a new signal;
• cyclical. After setting the interval, the circuit is switched to operating mode and switched off;
• unstable. Or vimikach (by pressing the button it works, by pressing it it doesn’t work).

Timer with switch on

After applying voltage, the capacity is charged, the transistor opens, and at the same time the other two are closed. That’s why it’s important to go out every day. When the capacitor is discharged, the first transistor turns off and the other two open up. Life begins to flow to the relay, the output contacts close.

The period lies in the capacity of the capacitor, exchangeable resistor.

Cyclic device

The most commonly used treatments are generators. The first one vibrates a signal through setting the hour interval, and the other receives them, setting the number of logical zeros or ones through the song.

Everything is done with the help of the controller, you can find a lot of circuits, but you also need some knowledge of radio engineering.

Another option is to completely discharge or charge the capacity behind an additional microcircuit, which sends a signal to the transistor that controls it, which operates in key mode.

Necessary materials and work order

For all guidance schemes it is necessary:

1. Frame. Go to the building of the living block;
2. Drukovana fee. Vikorist is used for sklotextolite foils;
3. Change resistor. You can choose the original one, but then adjust the gap only by changing the capacitance of the capacitor, which is not practical;
4. Microcircuit NE555 is its original analogue;
5. Diodes, capacitors, resistors are selected according to the selected circuit. The Internet promotes impersonality, so the choice is great;

Procedure

1. A diagram will be applied to the board in some way.
2. Diodes, transistors, capacitors are soldered.
3. Paths are being formed.

Dekilka is pleased:

• Most of the devices are built around the capacitor, so it is not possible to pay attention to this detail. Particularly since the accuracy of the procedure is important;
• Accuracy and stability are ensured only by ready-made microcircuits, in which case you can effectively choose the quality of commercial analogues.

Zastosuvannya area

Today, software controllers, or timers, as previously required, are increasingly being used, and in some cases there are more rational, reliable solutions. Let's take a look at the widest options for the installation:

1. Zakhistu element. Most often there is a need for production of molds. The device controls the time of contact of the power plates; when the indicators are moved, the system is switched off by supplying various signals.
2. Pobutova technology. Relays are connected to many devices. The main task of the device is to squeeze or squeeze the life through the singing gap. We really need to talk about washing machines and incubators.
3. Good car. There are two principles of operation here - control of the supply of electricity to the heating element and the reversible principle. After short intervals of an hour, the drum is removed directly from the handle, at which point the skin element of the device will be turned on in the singing sequence at the specified interval.
4. Incubator. Since the temperature sensor maintains a comfortable temperature, the turning of the egg on the other side is controlled by a relay. This device itself allows you to create a completely autonomous incubator.
5. Switching of electrical circuits. If high-pressure triphasic motors are used, otherwise commercially used, the time relay is used for the necessary dry parts, which allows one to smoothly reduce or increase the voltage.
6. Prisadibne Gospodarstvo. Watering lawns, ensuring autonomous robotic greenhouses and other special facilities;
7. Saving electricity. Lighting will occur within an hour of each task. And in combination with a hand-propelled sensor, the doors or entrances will be illuminated, if necessary, with a non-violating high amount of energy.
8. Aquariums, terariums. It is possible to automate heating, clarification, water infusion and acidification;
9. Zakhist lived. The darkening of the bright day in your daily life is a source of evil for a potential villain. We are actively fighting at the approach, but our position is not much wider.

Instructions on how to create a self-timer for an incubator

The timer is set to warm up and shut down the electrical appliance after setting the hour. It is important to use devices for turning trays in the incubator, after which hour they will need to be turned over manually or they will work automatically. Not everyone has the opportunity to get a ready-made incubator, but some birders are encouraged to create this device on their own as quickly as possible. Whose condition is exactly like the necessary benefits. Next, we will look at how to create a timer for an incubator on the K176IE5 using a hand-held board with your own hands, as well as a timer circuit for an incubator.

Device K176IE5

The K176IE5 microcircuit is a doctor that generates second pulses. This bula was specially created for the vikoristan in the electronic anniversary book. But today there is a problem with many other electronic devices, such as incubators.

The work of the microcircuits is organized behind the wheel:

• When the timer is set, there is little delay;
• move the LED (34 pulses);
• With the appearance of voltage, the rotary device comes into contact;
• move the LED (34 pulses), and at a different frequency;
• everything starts right away.

How to set a self-timer for rotating trays in an incubator? For large windfalls, it is necessary to calculate the hour between the daily blinks of the LED and multiply it by 34, and for small ones, short-circuit another resistor and measure the hour during which all 34 blinks of the light are active. diod. Everything can be seen in the presented video. In a standard version, the pause in work is 2.5 to 3.5 years, and the hour of work is about 40 seconds. In an hour of operation, the rotary mechanism can turn the trays with chicken eggs by 180 degrees, and those with goose eggs by 90 degrees.

With a self-timer, you can change the hour of operation of the rotary mechanism and the pause between robots. You can buy three LEDs using vicor. The turn over timer for the incubator on the k176i5 with an armature board can be seen in the diagram below.

Device KR512PS10

A similar microcircuit up to K176IE5 (div. photo) is the KR512PS10 microcircuit. Its peculiarity is that you can independently pay for an hour of work and an hour of pause. In this case, a pause in work can last for many years or even days, and the hour of work can become from many seconds to many years. This device can be used both for turning eggs in an incubator, and for breeding fish in an aquarium, watering plants, in the operation of fans and refrigeration units.

The KR512PS10 scheme is covered with a vikoristan at the device, where the stitch for turning the eggs is spread out under the trays. In order for it to work optimally, it is necessary to time the turn of the trays 180 degrees and set it to work. It is also necessary to determine the hour at which it is necessary to turn on the egg turning mechanism. For example, in home incubators the eggs either turn on immediately with the heating elements, or after ten hours - most often after 3 years. And the axis of industrial incubation devices, the trays turn over continuously.

You can set up the timer for the incubator with your own hands in the following steps: short-circuit the first resistor and set the operating hour of the rotary mechanism, which should be set to 36 seconds, short-circuit the short-circuited resistor and set the pause hour. It is also possible to test a mechanism that is significant whether or not the electrical power is connected.

Self-propelled timer for turning eggs in an incubator, diagram, instructions

All poultry keepers know that one of the keys to successful incubation of eggs is the correct temperature and moisture content, as well as their periodic turning.

Moreover, it is necessary to work behind strictly advanced technology. All existing incubators are divided into three groups - automatic, mechanical and manual, and the other two varieties admit that the process of turning eggs is not a machine, but a human one.

A timer, which, with a looming reserve of an hour before the end, can help you to forgive this problem, you can make with your own hands. A number of methods for preparing such a device are described below.

Everything is needed

The turn-over timer is located in the incubator, a device that opens and closes the electric lance after one and the same interval of an hour, which, seemingly simple, is more primitive than a relay. Our task is to switch off and then turn on the main units of the incubator again, thus automating the system as much as possible and reducing to a minimum possible damage caused by the human factor.

The timer, which completes the revolution, ensures the implementation of the following functions:

• temperature regulation;
• ensuring primus air exchange;
• launch and brightening.

The microcircuit on which such a device is prepared is responsible for two main minds: low over-mitter and high support of the key element.

The optimal option for this type is the technology of CMOS electronic circuits, which can be both n- and p-channel field-effect transistors, which ensures a higher switching fluidity and is energy-saving.

The simplest thing in the home mind is to buy electronics that are sold in any store that use K176IE5 or KR512PS10 microcircuits. On their basis, the timer runs for a long time and, most importantly, uninterruptedly.

Since the K176IE5 microcircuit transmits a single cycle of processes, the KR512PS10 timer operates in two different modes: alternating and stationary.

In the first phase, the system is switched on and off automatically, after equal intervals of an hour (the mode is adjusted using the additional jumper S1), in the other, the system is switched on with a programmed delay once and then continues until the Primus Connection.

Tools and accessories

To infuse creativity, in addition to the clock-setting microcircuits themselves, we need the following materials:

• resistors of different tension;
• a bunch of additional light-emitting diodes (3-4 pieces);
• tin and rosin.

The set of tools is completely standard:

• sharp bottom with a narrow blade (to short-circuit the resistors);
• a good soldering iron for microcircuits (with a thin tip);
• stopwatch or date with a second hand;
• pasatizhi;
• twist tester with voltage indicator.

Self-propelled incubator timer with your own hands on the K176IE5 microcircuit

Most of the electronic devices, such as the timer for the incubator, seem to be from the Western hours. An example of implementing a double-interval timer for incubation with detailed instructions was published in the popular radio magazine “Radio” (No. 1, 1988). Ale, as you know, everything is new - but you will kindly forget the old.

The diagram is important:

If you are lucky enough to find a ready-made radio constructor based on the K176IE5 microcircuit with an already etched wooden circuit board, then assembling and adjusting the ready-made device will be a simple formality (smartly holding a soldering iron in your hands, obviously, rightly so).

Drukovana fee:

The stage of adjusting time intervals will be discussed in the report. A two-interval timer, which is ideal, ensures the alternation of the “robot” mode (the relay is turned on, the incubator tray rotation mechanism is activated) with the “pause” mode (the relay is turned on, the incubator tray rotation mechanism is deactivated).

The “robot” mode is short-hour and lasts between 30–60 seconds (the hour required to turn the tray to the right position depends on the type of specific incubator).

The “pause” mode is trivial and can last up to 5 or 6 years (depending on the size and heating capacity of the incubator.)

For ease of adjustment, the circuit is equipped with a light-emitting diode, which, during the adjustment of clock intervals, is dimmed with a specific frequency. The intensity of the LED is controlled by the circuit using an additional resistor R6.

Adjustment of the range of meanings of the modes is achieved by resistors R3 and R4. In this case, it should be noted that the severity of the “pause” mode depends on the value of both resistors, so that the severity of the operating mode is set on and off by support R3. For precise adjustment of both R3 and R4, it is recommended to use variable resistors of 3–5 kOhm for R3 and 500–1500 kOhm for R4 in parallel.

Adjusting the pause mode:

• engage resistor R4 (increase resistor R4 to nominal);
• soak the device;
• Use a stopwatch to time the hour between the LED lights.

The value of the “pause” mode is equal to the time taken off, multiplied by 32.

For example, to set the duration of the “pause” mode to 4 years, the hour between minutes should become 7 minutes 30 seconds. After completing the setup of the modes (identifying the necessary characteristics of the resistors that set the hour), R3 and R4 can be replaced with permanent resistors of the same ratings, and the LED can be turned on. This is to increase the reliability of the timer and therefore continue the term of its service.

Instructions: how to make your own incubator timer on the KR512PS10 microcircuit

Manufactured on the basis of the CMOS technical process, the KR512PS10 microcircuit is used in high-voltage electronic timer devices with a variable coefficient under the clock cycle.

These devices can provide both one-time heating (initiation of the operating mode after the singing pause and the morning before switching on the Primus), and cyclic heating - following a given program.

Creating a timer for an incubator based on one of these devices is not particularly difficult. Moreover, you will never have a chance to pick up a soldering iron, since the range of commercially produced boards based on KR512PS10 is extremely wide, their functionality is varied, and the ability to adjust time intervals covers a wide range from tenths of a second to 24 years. The ready-made boards are equipped with the necessary automation, which will ensure that the “work” and “pause” modes are precisely adjusted. Thus, the preparation of a timer for an incubator on the KR512PS10 microcircuit comes down to the selection of a board for the specific characteristics of the incubator.

If you still need to change the operating hour, you can do this by short-circuiting resistor R1.

For those who like to solder and also want to assemble a similar device with a dry hand, we will introduce one of the possible schemes from the transfer of electronic components and the transfer of a hand-made board. Descriptions of stagnation timers for curing by turning the tray over in a robot with household incubators with periodic switching on of the heating elements. In fact, they allow synchronizing the rotation of the tray with the heating on and off with cyclical repetitions of the entire process.

Other options

In addition to the reviewed options for basic microcircuits, there are no electronic components that can be used for a reliable and durable device - a timer.

Among them you can see:

• MC14536BCP;
• CD4536B (with modifications CD43***, CD41***);
• NE555 and in.

Some of these microcircuits are currently withdrawn from production and replaced with current analogues (the electronic components manufacturing industry is not in the same place).

All the smells are modified by a number of parameters, an expanded range of voltage, thermal characteristics, etc., and at the same time the same tasks come into play: the inclusion of a ceramic electric lancet behind a given program.

The principle of adjusting the working intervals of the collected payment is the same:

• know that the resistor is short-circuited in the “pause” mode;
• Using a resistor in the “robot” mode, set the instantaneous frequency of the diode;
• unlock the resistor in the “pause” mode and set the exact hour of operation;
• set the login parameters;
• Place the board in the dry case.

When preparing a timer for turning the tray, it is necessary to understand that the first timer is a universal device, the area of ​​which is not limited by the setting of turning the tray in the incubator.

Further, having added more light, you will be able to provide heating elements, lighting and ventilation systems with similar devices, and then, after some modernization, use it as a basis for automatic feeding and food and water for the chickens.

Among the alternative options, it is also worth noting that at radio markets and specialty stores you will be presented with a large selection of electronic components and circuit boards to ready-made timers for incubators. The price of many types of ready-made automation may be lower, due to the reliability of self-assembly. The decision is for you to make. In this manner, it is very difficult to prepare a timer on your own. For the obviousness of singing skills, the process does not take a lot of time. As a result, you get reliable automation for your incubator that you can trust.

Vesely Olivets

Available solutions for the home master

ADVERTISING

A simple electrical diagram of the system for turning eggs in an incubator.

Electrical diagram of the egg turning system in the incubator.

Warehouse elements of electrical circuits are collected from the simplest, without parts or mechanisms.

Automatic egg turning system consists of a mechanical part, connected by hinged joints with a viscous material, on which trays with eggs are placed, or directly with the trays themselves, and an electrical part, which includes end contacts (fixed sensors) log) and final block.

Switching the modes of the electrical circuits turns the eggs in the incubator.

We vikoristano small quartz alarm clock of the Chinese production. The technologically advanced industrial incubators had a mechanical timer system with end-actuators, which were created by pressing the adjusting bolts installed on the time dial of the disk, which turns instead of the arrows.

This system was taken as the basis.

On the dial of the quartz dial, through the skins 90° (15, 30, 45, 60 points), contacts are fixed, through which voltage is supplied to the windings of the control relay. And the contacts are closed by a thin arrow, on which there is a small spring electrical contact on the lower side of the fastenings.

The dial can be processed in any way: gluing contact rings, melting it with a hot soldering iron, placing foils with contact markings, vicorizing photoelements, reed contacts - all at the discretion of the designer and all depending on the materials, what is obvious.

Spring contact, installations on the thin arrow of tinned copper dart, won the softness of steel.

The arrow is plastic and can be easily melted with a hot soldering iron or glued to the finished contact.

The electrical circuit of the incubator rotary system is assembled to a minimum and is easy to assemble.

The principle of the electrical system is to turn the eggs in the incubator.

The control contacts (SAC1) are closed on the skin 15 times. Godinnik works in the emergency mode.

The electric drive unit of the egg turning system is located in the incubator.

The drive mechanism can be used in any of the following: children's electric toys, an electric drill unit, an old mechanical alarm clock, an electric drive mechanism for a car door, a rotating mechanism for a household fan heater or electric fan, This is a traction relay with a vacuum regulator, choose a ready-made type of automatic control of the washing machine or prepare a self-propelled screw details (before speech, very simple and clear). Depend on the design and dimensions of the incubator itself.

If you use a gearbox with a crank mechanism, the head shaft has a larger diameter than the stroke of the rotating frame (with the frame positioned horizontally on the tray). With a screw mechanism, until the working threaded part is pressed in line with the movement of the system, the egg rotates.

The electric drive system turns the eggs in the incubator The screw mechanism is controlled by an electric motor with reversible switching, so that the motor is switched on alternately to the left and right side of the circuit.

Description of the electrical circuits of the incubator rotary system.

Powered by a life element, the quartz alarm clock operates in emergency mode. At equal intervals to the hour, and itself: through the skin of the fifteen wings of the current hour, the winged hand, passing over the contacts fixed on the dial, brings a spring contact to them and through them the electric lance closes. In this way, a signal signal is generated for the control relay (K2 or K3).

At the turn of the relay (K2 or K3), the electrical signal goes to the terminal switch (SQ1 or SQ2).

On the loose mechanism of the rotary system there is a rod, which moves simultaneously with the loose part of the system, presses on the key of the end switch, being in one of the extreme positions and thereby breaking the lance: switching modes-relay іntseviy vimikac.

It seems simpler, it goes like this: after switching modes (additional alarm clock), with the contacts closed, the voltage is applied to the control relay and then the terminal switch. If the terminal switch is in a closed state, the control relay will close and close the contacts of the control relay to the drive, which will supply life to the electric drive of the rotation system. Marvel at the new window.

The system will start and the mechanism will move into one of two positions, which occurs when turning eggs in the incubator. Fixation of the extreme position will be carried out by pressing the end of the release mechanism against the pressure of the rod, which moves from the frame, onto the release button.

The circuit with reversible connections of the electric motor is partially modified to add another relay to the drive with two ceramic contacts.

Electronics enthusiasts can set up the digital timer by self-starting after a cycle or relay, just like it was set up by amateur photographers. There are plenty of options. You can get a ready-made electronic unit. Everything is a matter of possibility.

List of working parts.

1. SAC1 – mode switch.
2. K3 and K4 - control relay type REM-9(10.15) or similar.
3. K1 and K2 - the drive relay with the commutation strum is connected to the vanation strum.
4. HV – light indicators.
5. SQ1 and SQ2 – terminal vimikacs. You can replace micropermixers (MC) with older cassette recorders.

vesyolyikarandashik.ru

How to build an incubator with automatic egg turning with your own hands

Due to the availability of suitable materials, the incubator can be built independently. However, successful incubation depends on a number of factors and, in order not to seal them off from the first egg, it is important to transfer all possible food into the prepared structure. Let's take a look at one of the popular options for creating such a device.

Characteristics of incubators with automatic egg turning

Between incubators with “manual” and automatic egg turning, there are automatic incubators that minimize the involvement of people in the process of hatching chicks. Apparently, before the time set by the ruler, the automation itself completes the necessary revolution, and the eggs are not stored in one place.

Such machines can be discussed in our own minds, but we must first carefully consider all possible pros and cons.

Advantages

• The innumerable advantages of a self-propelled device can take into account the following features:
• low quality compared with ready-made purchased models;
• cost-effectiveness of the energy supply plan;
• independent selection of the necessary internal treatment, depending on the special needs of the skin;
• high maintainability (as any part that goes wrong can be replaced in the future without outside help);
• versatility (with the correct design, a self-propelled incubator can be used not only for breeding chickens, but also for breeding other domestic birds or exotic birds).

In addition, since you can find storage facilities for a new device at home, you can get a ready-made incubator at no cost.

Nedoliky

This group of parameters largely includes disadvantages associated with the inaccuracy of the layouts and the use of old materials.

• Therefore, the possible shortcomings of self-designed devices are as follows:
• the possibility of failure of any part of the device (especially if the incubator is made using old technology);
• spontaneous temperature changes or power outages, which can lead to the death of embryos;
• unattractive external appearance;
• There is a full warranty from the manufacturer, which allows you to replace the device if it breaks down.

We can build self-propelled automatic incubators

Without the knowledge of the technical minds of incubation, the incubator cannot ensure good productivity of the robot, therefore, first starting the robot, it is possible to develop the operations to automatic designs:

• Incubation of eggs takes at least 21 days, and therefore it is absolutely the responsibility of the incubator to run (without interruption);
• place the eggs in the middle of the device, placing them at least 1 div apart from each other, carefully ensuring that you select a specific tray;
• At the same time, as the stage of development of the embryo changes, the temperature in the middle of the incubator may also change;
• automatic coup is required to end completely, at intervals of 2 days;
• To maintain an optimal level of moisture and ventilation, a self-propelled mechanism involves transferring a regulator of required parameters (thermoregulator, as well as sensors to scan the temperature level and moisture level).

How to make an automatic incubator for eggs with your own hands

If you are planning to create an incubator yourself, one of the worst decisions would be to remove the old refrigerator. It is clear that it will be necessary to complete and correctly select the expendable materials.
For this purpose it is necessary to tell about those, so that the design is ready:

• small openings for ventilation and moisture support at the level of 40-60% (drilled in the body, after which tubes are placed in them, which are protected from the interaction between the wind and the glistening);
• the regulation and correction of temperature indicators was carried out;
• ensured the fluidity of the aired eggs at 5 m/s;
• guaranteed an immediate revolution.

However, everything needs to be sorted out during the thorough collection, and the first step is to correctly determine the size of the device and select all the materials.

How to expand the size?

The dimensions of the finished self-made incubator will be exactly equal to the number of eggs for one set, so it is important for you to remove as many birds as possible at a time, and then rely on the following approximate values:

Due to the existing dimensions of the device, it will be due to the selected material, even, for example, polystyrene foam will be larger than cardboard. In addition, when the design is prepared, the surfaces will use completely different technologies, which means that the expansion will be carried out in accordance with the parameters of the skin level.

The size of the incubator also depends on:

• type of heating system;
• placement of lamps;
• placement of trays.

In order not to get caught up in the design of the incubator, it is important to follow the folded diagram, which for a small outbuilding for 45 eggs can look like this:

Vitrified materials and tools for work

The incubator unit is combined with a refrigerator unit, which has a solid casing: the walls of the refrigerator quickly remove heat, and the shelving can be removed from the inside.

The main list of necessary tools and materials looks like this:

• an old refrigerator (can be an older model, or even a working one);
• 25 W light bulbs (4 pcs);
• fan;
• metal rod or lance with star;
• a drive that will ensure the egg turns over (for example, a gearmotor from a car wiper);
• drill;
• thermostat;
• thermometer;
• screwdriver and self-tapping screws.

How to build an incubator with automatic tray turning with your own hands: video

Zrazkov's diagram of the finished virobu:

Cooking instructions

The entire process of making a home incubator from an old refrigerator will take just a few hours, and the rest consists of a small number of main steps:

1. The disintegration of the chair, which resembles exactly the disintegration of the skin parts of a future incubator.
2. Disassembling the refrigerator and removing all unnecessary parts: the freezer compartment, trays on the doors and other elements of other importance.
3. Organization of the ventilation system (it is necessary to drill one hole at the side of the refrigerator, and in the lower part, closer to the bottom, create three more, inserting plastic tubes into them).
4. Attaching polystyrene sheets to the inner walls of the body (you can use double-sided mounting tape or small screws).
5. Installation of heating system. In preparation, 4 frying lamps need to be secured at the bottom and on the side of the refrigerator body (two pieces each), and the lower lamps do not have to move around the container with water (small screws may need to be tampered with for fastening).
6. Installation of a purchased thermostat on the outer part of the door and its connection to the heating elements.
7. The creation of the mechanism that turns over, behind the help of an automobile gearbox. To start using metal strips and self-tapping screws, secure this element at the bottom of the refrigerator. Then, install a wooden frame in the middle of the device and attach trays to it, just so that they can extend 60° from the front to the door, and then from the bottom. Attach the rod to the gearbox motor, attaching it to the tray from the side of the refrigerator (we place the motor on the rod, and then, with your help, carefully tighten the tray and ensure rotation).
8. Installation of an inspection window. There is a small opening on the outside of the refrigerator door and cover it with a piece of plastic. Seal all connections with tape or sealant.
9. Install a pan of water and mount a thermometer in the middle of the refrigerator, just so that it can be seen at the end.

Finally, check the functionality of all mechanisms by leaving the device for a few years.

Adding eggs to the incubator

Before being placed in the incubator, all eggs must lie in the room for at least 8 years, and even if they were in cold water, then when placed in a warm incubator, condensation is not turned off.
An equally important stage of preparation is the selection of non-conforming eggs.

Thus, the following specimens are not suitable for further incubation:

• small in size;
• with cracks, growths or other uncharacteristic features on the scallop;
• We expect that it moves freely;
• with a displaced ventilation chamber (more than two millimeters).

The next stage is the immediate placement in the incubator, which also has its own characteristics:

• On one tray you should place eggs of similar sizes and of the same type of bird;
• First, the largest eggs are laid on the trays, and after them, according to the established incubation term, the middle eggs (at least 4 years may pass between the laying of the skin group);
• If possible, it is advisable to move the laying hour to the evening, so that the chicks will turn out to be the culprits;
• The incubator should be placed in a room with stable temperatures, so that it is easier for the device to maintain the growths in the middle;
• To fully control the incubation process, create your own calendar, in which you need to indicate the date of laying, the date and hour of the turn, as well as the date of the control egg scooping.

The difficulty of incubating various types of poultry may be significant, and therefore, turning the eggs is liable to end up differently.
In addition, consider the development of embryos as well:

• for chicken eggs, the temperature in the middle of the device needs to be controlled every day; for the first 11 days, keep it at +37.9 ° C, with moisture content not exceeding 66%;
• for pumpkin eggs, the optimal performance is +38 ... +38.2 ° C, with a moisture content of 70%.

Temperature regime for different types of poultry

The same temperature is one of the most important aspects of incubation; it is simply impossible to hatch birds without any additional training.

For the skin type of poultry, these indicators are completely individual, so when laying eggs, chickens, ducks, geese or eggs are oriented towards the current values:

In general, a self-propelled incubator is a perfect solution both for those who are just trying poultry for themselves, and for advanced farmers who do not hesitate to waste money on preparing a ready-made product. Having a design with automatic egg turning, you can achieve 80-90% hatching of chicks.

self-propelled incubator with automatic turning using available tools

Vee here

Storinki

Having created an incubator from a small refrigerator. 3 trays capacity of trays until 30 chicken ale reprocessable trays. The engine comes from the door of the Muscovite 2141. The engine rotates only in one direction, transmitting the reciprocating wheel to traction. There is only one end cap, but for one full revolution of the engine, the two are pressurized. Replacing the relay with an hourly alarm clock and a self-propelled contact is made through the skin for 20 seconds. To restart the engine after changing the five-output car relay. as a block of living vikoristovuvav computer block of living.

Behind the pouch it turned out that the revolution is carried out absolutely without microcircuits, additionally using only a couple of diodes to shut off the operation of the car relay and a light bulb so that the living unit does not connect due to the relay, one can say that there is nothing to fix xia 🙂

I am planning to install a standard relay in the door RALD 10.3747 and regulate the pause of the motor operation with a changeable resistor. This lasted for more than a few days. After which the engine began to work either with a bunch of new wrappers, then stop working in the wrong places.

Having immediately installed the relay 75 3777, replacing the voltage of the relay with diodes, there was a small problem with the task. The very thing you need to use is to dissolve the kotsevik. now everything is working like a good boy 🙂

I have already tried to hatch eggs with this incubator and the eggs did not fall out or knock. That’s how everything turned out mechanically. In 12 test eggs, 9 chickens were hatched, one appeared unexpectedly, another was broken in a fall, and the goose eggs were hatched, as can be seen in the photo, and in the third, a suffocation appeared. I respect 80% badly :) The temperature difference across the entire incubator is 0.1 - 0.2 degrees.

I’m working on handicrafts, but at the moment when I collected my financial reserves at the edge of the boundaries, I collected everything from the materials at hand and our hand!

Having recently rebuilt the trays and driven the trays. Now, instead of three trays of 30 eggs each, there are two trays of approximately 60 eggs each and more chicken. geese easily fit 21, however, you can puff up and thirty 🙂 trays made from welded mesh with a diameter of 25 * 25 * 1.8 mm

and even less suitable thermometer as in the photo below, having checked the mercury difference of 0.1 degrees, I used to adjust the thermostat by placing and manually lowering and shaking the thermometer. And it’s not expensive.

Feed everyone you love! 🙂

Well, before the thermostat, Raju install an MRI. MRT-1 or 2. I have MRT-1. Accuracy is 0.1 degrees, the digital scale is much better than other thermometers and therefore more analogue regulators like Kvochka (crap Kvochka).
It’s not entirely clear that it “falls off”, how can stinks fall off teritically? The photo is not very clear. If possible, I will ask the author to take a photo of the report of this incubator. It’s not easy to understand.

I'll start with the thermostat. Vіn not analogue (TsTR 2) having bought some of it a long time ago for other purposes
Technical data.
Voltage life
160-250V (50 Hz)
Accuracy of temperature control
±О.1°С
Adjustable temperature range
-55°С -+125°С
Maximum permissible tension
2.0 kW

It’s impossible to take a better photo because I took pictures with my phone and recently damaged the case along with the camera, now I take pictures with a crack and it comes out smudged.

It's a good idea. They can fall out of the trays when the tray is too tightly laid (without partitions or centers for eggs), then the eggs spread closer to the center begin to hang and fall out, even if the tray turns large ka, even with a sharp revolution, the movement of the mechanism on the cob revolution and with a sharp axle. This can be easily achieved by simply securing a piece of mesh over the tray, securing it to rubber bands for added strength and safety.