Laboratory work Archiving data in different ways. Reviewing together archived files

Meta roboty - development of professional skills of work with archivists, on the butt of an archivatorARJ.

Work manager:

otrimanna navychok and umіn in obrobtsі groups of files with the ARJ archiver;

otrimanna navychok and die in adding, moving, revisiting, after remote and remote files with the help of the ARJ archiver.

Dovidkovo-methodical material

Archiving data may have no purpose. This is the first step in creating archival backup copies of important documents or programs. So for the archiving account itself, you can significantly change the size of the disk space borrowed by the program or the document. For the creation of archives, special programs are used. They can be divided into two classes: programs for packers (archivers) and backup programs.

Programs - packers allow, for the calculation of specialized methods of compression, to create copies of files in a smaller size and combine copies of decal files into one archive file.

backup software are used for copying information from a hard drive to other changeable information (for example, CD-ROMs).

Programs for packing (archiving) files allow you to place copies of files on a disk in a neat look in an archive file, extract files from an archive, look through archives, etc. Various programs are modified by the format of archived files, the speed of work, the step of compressing files when they are placed in the archives and the versatility of extracting.

The most wide-spread programs-packers may have approximately the same capacity. Moreover, different types of data are more often squeezed by different programs.

An important moment in the archiving of data is the power of turnover of data. Even though when squeezing data, only changes in their structures occur, the method of squeezing is brutal. From the resulting code, you can retrieve the output array using the path to the return method. Werewolves methods of zastosovuyt for squeezing any type of data. Typical embossing formats without wasting information:

GIF, .TIF, .PCX and many others for graphic data;

AVI for video data;

ZIP, .ARJ, .PAR, .LZH, .LH, .CAB and more.

Methods of embossing with waste of information (non-negotiable embossing) sound more securely at a higher level of embossing, lower reverse methods, but they cannot be stuck to text documents, databases, and more, to program code. The characteristic formats for embossing with the second information are:

JPG for graphic data;

MPG for video data;

MP3 for audio data.

The most popular data embossing formats, widely used in everyday work with a computer, are .ZIP, .RAR and .ARJ formats.

ARJ program(Rozrobnik - Robert K. Jung) ranks among the most popular products in its class. You won't be able to perform all the functions of maintaining your archives, you can put files in archives, extract files from archives, and work to "self-extract" files and so on.

The ARJ program allows you to:

create archive files from okremy or all files in the stream directory and yogo subdirectories, merging up to 32000 files into one archive;

add and replace files in archives;

view and view files from the archive;

look through the archive;

create rich archives;

protect skins from files in archives with a 32-bit cyclic code, test archives, converting savings into new information;

receive additional help with work on 3 international languages;

enter comments in archives before files;

zam'yatovuvat in the archive way to files;

save generations (versions) of the same file in the archive;

reorder the archive file according to file sizes, names, extensions, date and hour of modification, compression factor and in .;

zdіysnyuvati search rows in archived files;

restore files from backup archives;

create archives like on one volume, so on dekilkoh volumes;

look through the text files that are stored in the archives;

secure protection of information in archives and access to files placed in archives by password.

To get a short help on the robot on the screen, enter the name of the program in the command line: ARJ.

To cancel the fired help and apply the commands, enter the following:

ARJ-? or arj /?

To capture the program and use it for the necessary functions, the format of the command string is used, where the program and parameters are separated by spaces:

ARJ<команда> [-<кл1> [-<кл2>...]] <имя_архива> [<список_имен_файлов>]

Obov'yazkovі command line parameters - these are two parameters:<команда>і<имя_архива>.

As a list of file names, you can select a template (mask).

parameter<команда>is written at the sight of one character next to the program name and sets the function of archiving appropriately up to table 1 addendum 3.

parameter<имя_архива>sets the name of the archive file and is recorded according to the general rules of MS DOS, but without specifying an extension, as when a new file is created, it is assigned automatically. Im'ya archive can be written to the designated path to the file. The archiver behind the lock processes the archive files that the .ARJ extension can do.

The self-decompressing archive file is created with the .EXE extension. Such a file should be placed in the unpacking program module, and the ARJ program is not required to view the new file.

The keys specify the archiving command, and they can also be used. The leather key starts with the symbol "-" and there may be rooms in any place of the command row after the command. I'll mark the key with the symbol "-" or the symbol "/". Command keys of the ARJ archiver can be entered into the command line in any case. The main keys of the ARJ archiver are presented in Table 2 Addendum 3.

Table 4 shows the ARJ archiver commands for working with the file system and maintaining archives.

Table 4 - Main commands of the ARJ archiver.

Retrieval of background information
Copying all files from the streaming catalog to the archive	ARja<имя архива>
Moving all files in the stream directory to the archive	ARJm<имя архива>
Review in my archive	ARJ-L<имя архива>
Viewing files from the archive	ARJd<имя архива> <шаблон>
Vityag all files from the archive to the streaming directory	ARJ e<имя архива>
Archiving directory structure	ARJ-r<имя архива>
Vityag directory structure	ARJx<имя архива>
Skipping files when adding to archives	ARJ<имя архива>-x<шаблон>
Creation of a rich volume archive	ARJ-v[v][w]<имя архива>
Vityag files from a rich volume archive	ARJe-v<имя архива>

The order of vikonannya roboti

Copy the ARJ.exe archiver to the TEMP directory.

Create a bat file that will follow the next commands:

1. Copy all files to the TEMP directory into archives named arсh1.

   Look at the arch1 archive.

   Move all files from the arch1 archive to the stream directory, whereby the files with the same names are overwritten without delay.

   Viewing arch1 archives from the stream directory.

   Move all files from the stream directory to the archive named arch2 with additional control over the correctness of moving copies of files to the archives.

   Extract all files from the arch2 archive into the stream directory.

   Move a group of files with txt extensions to Text archives.

   Create archives Invert to copy all files to the TEMP directory, including arch2 and Text.

   Check the integrity of the Invert archive.

   Create Dir archives in the TEMP directory, where to move all files and subdirectories of that directory, including the arch2 and Text archives.

   Extract the structure from the archive Dir.

   Create a rich volume TOM archive that includes all text files with txt extension, 360 Kb in size.

   Add all files with the pas extension to the stream directory in the TOM rich volume archive.

   Extract all files from another TOM archive to the stream directory.

   Add all files to the TEMP directory in archives from the archive with a password (password is the student's name).

title page;

carry out and manage laboratory work;

assignment for laboratory work;

the results of vikonan work.

Control nutrition

What is data archiving?

What are the software packages?

What is the purpose of backup software?

What is the werewolf grip of the Danes?

What is the constraint on the loss of information?

Name the format of embossing without insertion.

Name the most popular archiving software?

List of terms:

archivation, program-packer, backup program, embossing method.

Meta robots: Development of professional skills of robots with archivers.

Work manager:

Processing a group of files with the ARJ archiver.

Adding, relocating, revisiting, vytyag, leaving files.

Title page.

Purposes and tasks of laboratory work.

Assignment for laboratory work.

The results of vikonan work.

Archiving data may have no purpose. This is the first step in creating archival backup copies of important documents or programs. So for the archiving account itself, you can significantly change the size of the disk space borrowed by the program or the document. For the creation of archives, special programs are used. They can be divided into two classes: programs for packers (archivers) and backup programs.

Programs - packers allow you to create copies of files in a smaller size and combine copies of decal files into one archive file.

The backup program is designed to copy information from a hard drive to other changeable information (for example, CD-ROMs).

Programs for packing (archiving) files allow you to place copies of files on a disk in a convenient way to store an archive file, to extract files from an archive, to look through archives, etc. Various programs are modified by the format of archived files, the speed of work, the step of compressing files when they are placed in the archives and the versatility of extracting.

The most wide-ranging programs-packers may have approximately the same capacity. Among the most widely used programs are the widest: ARJ, ZIP, RAR.

The main commands of the ARJ archiver.

Head of laboratory work

1. Copy the ARJ.exe archiver from the floppy disk to the TEMP directory.

2. Create a bat file that will follow the next commands:

2.1.Copy all files in the TEMP directory to archives with the names arсh1.

2.2.View in the arch1 archive.

2.3.Extract all files from the arch1 archive to the stream directory, in which case the files with the same name will be overwritten without delay.

2.4.Delete archives arch1 from the stream directory.

2.5. Move all files from the stream directory to the archive with the names arch2 with additional control over the correctness of moving copies of files to the archives.

2.6.Extract all files from the arch2 archive to the stream directory.

2.7. Move a group of files with txt extensions to Text archives.

2.8.Create Invert archives to copy all files to the TEMP directory, including arch2 and Text.

2.9.Check the integrity of the Invert archive.

2.10.Create Dir archives in the TEMP directory, where to move all files and subdirectories of this directory, including the arch2 and Text archives.

2.11.Extract the structure from the archive Dir.

2.12.Create a rich volume TOM archive that includes all text files with txt extension, 360 KB in size.

2.13.Add all files with the pas extension of the stream directory to the TOM rich volume archive.

2.14.Extract all files from another TOM archive to the stream directory.

2.15.Add all files to the TEMP directory in the archives from the archive with a password (password is the student's name).

Lab robot No.2

standard programsMicrosoft Windows. Archiving data.

Meta robots: Familiarize yourself with a set of standard Windows programs, to learn about their recognition and features of work. Take away practical skills in the creation of archives and in work with archival data on the application of the 7-z program. Learn how to draw up the names from laboratory robots.

theoretical views

Installation and removal of software

Software installation - installation and registration of programs by special Windows methods. The standard installation method (removal) is the launch of the installation program by the command Start / Setup / Control Panel / Installation and removal of the program. The installation is started by clicking on the Add/Vidality button, which starts the Installation Wizard program. For the help of the button Look at the next step, indicate the place of the adjustment of the Setup program. exe file, you must be included in the distribution kit of the installed program and click Done. Before installing the program, it is necessary to close other working programs.

View addenda in Windows. Viewing is carried out by the means of the same dialogue session. In the list of registered add-ons, you need to see the object and click on the Add / Vidality button.

Learn other methods of software installation. However, these methods, as well as the standard installation of unverified and unlicensed software, do not guarantee further superior work and are considered potentially unsafe.

During installation, the program is registered in the Windows registry, which is a file with data about the program installed on the computer.

Standard Windows programs

The Windows package includes a number of brown standard programs:

· Text editor Notepad;

· Graphic editor Paint;

· Text editor WordPad;

· Calculator і ін.

To start looking at standard add-ons, you need to enter the command: Start / Programs / Accessories / ...

Text editor Notepad

Notepad is the simplest text editor that can be used to review and edit text files. txt and others.

Text editor - a program designed for creating, editing and reviewing text documents.

Text editor Notepad takes up little operational memory, and therefore it is easy to manually type for keeping short notes, a badge, for exchanging fragments of text between okremimi addendums for an additional clipboard.

The notepad gives you the opportunity to draw up a document. For example, in this program, you can set different fonts for okremih parts of a text document, or you can change the font type, its expansion and christening the entire document.

The Notepad program does not automatically transfer words to the end of the row. If the word does not fit into the rows of the working area of ​​the editor, it will either be transferred to the cob of the offensive row, or continue the in-line row, replacing the text at the left hand. How to change the way to win through the menu Edit / Transfer after words.

The cursor is the vertical line of the figure on the screen, which shows the entry point of the bar symbol. Do not stray the cursor with the mouse indicator. However, the mouse can be controlled by the cursor: clicking the mouse will move the cursor to a new position.

The font is changed using the SHIFT keys or CapsLock. To enter uppercase (great) letters, use the SHIFT key. If it is necessary to enter a long sequence of capital letters, then the CapsLock key has to be reversed. If the CapsLock mode is turned on (look at the indicator on the keyboard), then the SHIFT key changes its function: if you want to enter row (small) letters. Switching Ros / Lat can be changed by the combination Alt + Shift (Ctrl + Shift) or by clicking on the movie icon on the display panel (right-handed in the taskbar).

The font parameters are set by the Format / Font command. You can set font type, baptism and size for the window "Choose font". The most popular font types are Times New Roman, Arial, Courier. Crossed: capital, italic, bold, bold italic. Size is specified in points (Drukar unit, equal 1/72 inch or 0.353 mm). Most often, rosemary is 12 or 14.

You can open a document in the Notepad program, either by clicking on the mouse icon on the document icon or on the shortcut, or for an additional command File / Vіdkriti ...

Saving a document is saved with the command File / Save either File / Save like .... The rest of the command is saved for saving a newly created document from the assigned name and folder, de vine is responsible for knowing. team File / Save Yak... you can wink and to save an earlier created document with new names.

Document editing:

· Moving the cursor to the screen side - Page Up or Page Down;

· Moving the cursor to the cob or the end of the row - Home or End;

· Moving the cursor to the top or end of the document - Ctrl + Home or Ctrl + End;

· Visible to the evil symbol (on the right) at the cursor - BackSpace (Delete);

· Switching the Insert / Replace mode - Ins;

· Vision of the word - under the click of the mouse (Shift + cursor keys);

· Vision of the row - clattering with a mouse zlіva in the row (in the zone of vision);

· Viewing a fragment of the text - drag the mouse to view the fragment in the viewing zone, either Shift + cursor keys or Ctrl + PgDn.

respect. For accurate visualization of the text, it is better to type the keyboard. Even more often in one vision to combine operations with a mouse and a keyboard.

Seen fragments of the text can be copied or moved. Copies and transfers are made through the Windows clipboard. Clipboard- an area of ​​memory, in the yak timchasovo is placed a copy of a fragment of the document. Whom to serve as a team Correction / Virizati (otherwise copy , or insert ). Number of operations to select key combinations: CTRL + C - copy to clipboard; CTRL + X - view to buffer; CTRL + V - paste from clipboard.

The Notepad program allows you to automatically enter the date of creation of documents. For this, on the cob of the document (at the first position of the first row), it is necessary to enter a command from the keyboard. LOG. After the saving of this document, when the skin is further removed, the current date will be automatically entered in the final file.

The exact date and hour of the creation of the record can be put down and for the help of the menu command of the window of the Notepad program Departure / Date and hour . For automatic insertion of the current date and hour, you can also press the F5 key.

Another document created in the Notepad program is created for an additional command File / Druk .

Windows menu command Poshuk / Know allows you to search for the records you need. For this, in the dialog window Search, enter a word or a sequence of symbols for the search.

Graphic editor Paint

Graphic editors are called editors who are used for creating and editing images. Paint is the simplest raster graphics editor. Bitmap graphics will have dots (pixels). The second type of graphics is vector graphics, the images are described by mathematical formulas. Methods of robotics with tsim types of graphics are fundamentally different.

The Paint program allows you to create and edit pretty little things, diagrams, armchairs, diagrams, write, insert and edit ready-made objects, create in other additions. Objects created in Paint can be saved from looking at the trellis of the desktop.

The process of painting in the Paint program is carried out for the help of a special set of toolsі color palettes. When a baby is created in the Paint program, the mouse indicator changes its shape in the fallage according to the chosen tool and the nature of the operation, zastosovuchi the appearance of olives, pipettes, thrashings, rozpilyuvach, squares, crosses, hanging arrows, etc.

On the toolbar, you can also make a painting:

· Line - for painting straight lines;

· Olіvets - for painting prevіlnyh lines;

· Curve - for painting smooth curved lines;

· Brush and Rozpilyuvach - for fine painting and stuffing method;

· Rectangular, rounded recto, Elіps - painting of rounded figures by stretching method;

· Bagatokutnik - for painting more bugatokutniks in a series of pretty clatters. If the remaining point is connected with the cob, then the bagatokutnik is closed and can be flooded automatically.

· Fill - serve to fill closed contours with the main (left mouse button) or background color (right mouse button).

· Write - for entering text messages.

As if the painting was done incorrectly, you need to select the Edit / Undo command or Ctrl + z.

Selecting a color for the background is clicked by clicking the right button of the mouse after the color on the palette of colors.

The painting of the correct figures is created by pressing the Shift key.

When you select some of the tools in the lower part of the toolbar, the additional panel Options of the choice (tableau with alternatives) is displayed.

The "Instrument settings palette" panel looks different for a skin instrument and allows you to set:

· Line width;

· Rozmir gumki. To select a simple gumka, press the left mouse button, and a colorful gumka - the right button;

The shape of the brush;

· Rozmir "smear" razpiluvach;

· Type of figure filled with color (empty figure with contour; figure filled with color with contour and without contour);

· Type of background (prosorium or opacity);

· Scale - zvichayny, zbіlshennyam in 2, 6 and 8 times for a detailed operation of the little one (by points).

For a detailed operation of the little by dots (pixels), you can also tweak the menu commands View / Scale / Large, Select, Show grid.

Starting to create a document in the graphic editor Paint, it is necessary to set the necessary size of the field for drawing on the very beginning of the work (for the help of the menu command Tiny / Attributes). This is due to the fact that with a change in the size of the field, the little ones can be cut off and a part of it cannot be resurfaced with a further increase in the size of the field.

The tovshchina of lines is set on the settings palette.

To see the small parts of the little one with the method of copying, serve as tools for Seeing and Seeing the rest of the region.

The transformation of the baby is iconized through the menu Baby and transfer:

Turning the baby on the kut, a multiple of 90;

· Stretching and sickly baby;

· Replace the color of the image in black and white, change the color to full size.

In a row I will see a hint about the recognition of the reversed tool, the coordinates of the graphic cursor in pixels and the size of the text field or fragment (in pixels) will be displayed.

To enter the text into the little ones, a tool is used wrote. After selecting this tool, click in the required area of ​​the little one, expand the frame for the text to the required size and enter the text behind the help keyboard. Type, size and crossed font can be changed for help Text Attribute Panels, How to be displayed on the screen by setting a clear menu jumper view.

Inserting a graphic object into a Paint document is moved to the left upper corner of the working field, and inserting a text fragment created in a text editor is placed in the middle of the text frame.

The Paint program is able to replace any color of the standard palette with one of the 48 colors of the base palette, create your own colors and save the creation of the palette. For which variant there are different commands of the Parameters menu.

The main format for saving little ones created in the Paint program is the format (.bmp), which can be different:

· Black and white image;

· 16-color babies. This format may limit the range of colors, but the file takes up little space on the disk;

· 256-color babies. The file takes up twice as much space on the disk, while saving it looks like a 16-color format;

· 24-bit baby. This format ensures the quality of the transfer of color, but the files take up more than a lot of space on the disk.

Permissible and other formats for saving little ones, among the most victorious ones - (.jpg) and (.gif) - the style of the format, but with a partial second image quality.

WordPad text processor

The WordPad program is a remarkably simple text processor.

On the view of text editors, text processors, check the function formatting documents, i.e. loading different fonts, different methods of rendering, embedding small prints, tables in the text, control over wrapping graphics with text, automating routine folding operations with text, etc.

WordPad is a simplified version of the more advanced Word program.

Basic formatting options:

· Setting parameters of the other side (File / Layout of the side);

· Setting the parameters of a paragraph (Format / Paragraph);

· Creation of marking lists (Format / Marker);

· Tabulation management (Format / Tabulation);

WordPad allows you to create great documents (in Notepad view) and save them in various formats, for example Word 6.0, RTF or MS DOS text.

WordPad text processor single-contact addendum, i.e., in a new one, you can simultaneously open only one window of a document.

The WordPad program supports the technology of inserting and promoting objects, moreover, when exchanging data between WordPad add-ons, you can either be a server (dzherel) or a client (receiver).

WordPad allows you to expand presentations with multimedia elements, including slide shows and small videos, connected to sound.

calculator

Calculator є zruchny zasobom for vikonannya porіvnjano small calculations. Windows has two versions of the calculator: the original one and the engineering one. For a little indication of an engineering calculator. Switching to a different type of calculator is selected through the menu View from the window of the Calculator program.

The ultimate calculator performs simple arithmetic operations, calculates square roots, and counts square roots.

An engineering calculator, moreover, allows you to calculate typical mathematical functions and to complete calculations, for example, statistical analysis.

The calculator can remember to calculate intermediate results. Calculator results can be copied to the clipboard. In addition, in the row of the display (tableau) of the calculator, you can insert numerical data from the clipboard for the record in the calculation for the additional calculator.

You can calculate the amount for the help of a mouse, clicking on the help buttons of the calculator panel, or for the help of the keyboard, pressing on the keys, as if zbigayutsya from the images on the screen with the buttons of the calculator.

Technology of communication and implementation of objects

(OLE technology)

The call and implementation of objects created in various add-ons are available in Windows for the help of special technology, as they are called OLE(Object Linking and Embedding - linking and promoting objects).

OLE technology is a universal mechanism for collating and processing warehouse documents, which can simultaneously clean up objects of different travel, different nature, for example, text, tables, photographs, sound, etc.

In OLE technology, the following terms are used:

· OLE object(OLE - object) - an additional element, created by a Windows program, which can be placed (transferred and / or linked) into a document of another Windows addendum. The object can be a whole file or only a fragment of a file.

· OLE server(OLE - server, original program, add-on-dzherelo) - add-on, by means of which an OLE-object is created, i.e., a program that serves as another add-on.

· OLE client(OLE-client, add-on-receiver or add-on-container) - an add-on that accepts an OLE object, i.e., a program, as if it were an OLE server.

pid as a guide objects are at risk of compiling a complex document that avenges two or more autonomous objects. The most obvious way to transfer objects into a document is to import them from a finished file, in which the object is saved. For whom the team is victorious Insert / Object ... . At the dialogue window object insertion for import, what to insert next select jumper create from the file, and the selection on the disk is secured by the Look button ... In a text document, you can transfer graphic objects, texts, fragments of sound recordings and video recordings.

When saving a complex document, it is necessary to save both the text and all of them in the new object. The size of the output text document grows by the value of the objects being transferred.

Another way to place a baby in a text document is zv'yazuvannyam. At the same conversational vіknі object insertionє ensign, who is called call. If you insert this ensign, insert the first one below, then you need to link, i.e., the second type of insertion. In this case, the object itself is not inserted into the document, instead of a new one, only an indicator is inserted to display the object. When reviewing the document, if the text processor reaches the window, the text processor searches for the address that is obvious in the window, and looks like little ones in the text of the document. At the time of calling the objects, the resulting file practically cannot be enlarged, since the indicator takes a little more time. However, when using the object linking method, it is necessary to control the integrity of the link between objects, as it can be broken when objects are moved.

Various Windows programs support OLE technology at various levels. Deyakі programs, for example Notepad, vzagalі її do not support. A number of programs - WordArt, Microsoft Equation і ін. You can change the role of the OLE server. Information systems, on the other hand, often play the role of a receiver, i.e., an OLE client.

The most advanced Windows programs, such as Word, Excel and others. Can change the functions of both an OLE server and an OLE client.

OLE technology allows:

· Contribute to the document objects or fragments of documents created in other appendices, as well as edit objects by yourself by creating them;

· Install the object's link to the document of your program. When the link is installed, the object continues to "live" in its own life and serve other documents.

service programs

Service programs are designated for maintenance of the computer and operating system. They allow you to find and detect defects in the file system, recheck both hard and soft disks for the presence of physical defects and the correctness of the logical structure, optimize hardware and software settings, etc.

Access to service programs is via the command Start / Programs / Accessories / Services.

The most widely used program is Check Disk - a program for rechecking a disk. It allows you to use hard and floppy disks with logical pardons in the file structure (standard reverification) and physical pardons associated with defects on the disk surface (perfect reverification). The standard re-verification should be carried out after the skin incorrect completion of the robotic computer. Re-verification of the hard disk is carried out twice on the river or in times of doubt in the reliability of the work. For a floppy disk, it is recommended to re-verify in case of failure to read or write files.

Disk defragmentation is a program recognized for improving the efficiency of disk robots by reducing the fragmentation of the file structure. In case of a trivial editing of files, or when a disk is being reloaded, the system starts to reload not all clusters after it ( cluster- the least one saves data on the disk), and only a few clusters. Therefore, the file appears to be "smeared" on the disk and the access to the new one is increased. During defragmentation, the files are rewritten in such a way that they are placed in a group of scattered clusters.

Formatting a floppy disk is done by clicking the right mouse button on the disk icon and selecting the command Format... Regardless of those floppy disks that are sold already pre-formatted, re-formatting uses a small amount of floppy disk space, as they cannot be used by the Check Disk program. However, with whom the record is given, the data will be ruined. Formatting can be shvidkim or renovate. For the first one, only the actual files are visible, for the other one, the disk surface is checked and the defects are fixed.

archiving files

The term "archiving" is not clear. The main recognition of the program-archivators is the squeezing of files in order to save memory. Shards with compressed files often cannot be used for their direct recognition, they are copied to save copies of files, i.e., for their archiving. Stisk (strengthening) can be added: files, folders, disks. Shrinking files and folders is necessary either for their transportation, or for backup, or for exchanging information across the Internet. Enlargement of disks is blocked to improve the efficiency of their working space (sound for disks of insufficient capacity).

There are a lot of program-archivators, which can vary the indicators for the step and hour of squeezing, and the indicators can be different for different files (text, graphic, graphic, etc.), so one archiver is good at squeezing a text file, and another one - coding.

Archistor (packing) edit a projection, pushing for a rachunki, the gaps of the specialized method of the squinting of the mock -free rosema, and one of the veneers, can be aimed, canal, with a saggy file.

The whole range of today's current archivers can be divided into three groups, which are mentally called file, software and disk.

File archivers allow you to pack one or more files (for example, the entirety of a given subdirectory at once with attachments to a new subdirectory) into a single archive file. The expansion of the rest, as a rule, is smaller, lower than the total expansion of the remaining files, but it is not possible to speed up the packing by programs or data, while the stench is in the archive, it is not possible until the stench is unpacked. To unpack the archived file, call the same archiver.

Software archivators work differently. They allow you to pack one single file at a time - the EXE-type program has been archived, but then so that the program will be archived immediately after it is launched on the viconnary.

Disk archivers allow programmatically to increase the amount of memory available on a hard disk. A typical disk archiver is a resident driver, which is unfamiliar for a koristuvach archiving whether information is written to disk and unpacked back when read. However, the operations of reading / writing files are slow to be completed, but it takes an hour for the processor to pack and unpack.

For archiving, archiving requires special programs - archivators or archive dispatchers. The most popular archivers: WinZip; winrar; WinArj. These programs ensure the possibility of using other archivers, that, like on a computer, where the files are transferred to them, the files assigned by the program, archives can be unpacked for the help of another archiver. Until now, there are widely used and different programs, created in MS DOS, and also in Windows.

May all archivers allow you to create self-extracting archives (SFX - Self-extracting-archives) - files with extensions. exe. To unpack such an archive, it is not necessary to use an archiver program, to run the exe archive as a program. Rich archivers allow creating rich (split) archives, which can be placed on hard diskettes.

The main characteristics of software archivers are:

· swidkist work;

· Service (set of archiver functions);

· Shrinking step - changing the size of the output file to the size of the packaged file.

The main functions of archivers are:

· Creation of archive files from okremi (or all) files in the stream directory and yogo subcatalogs, merging into one archive of prefiles;

· Add files to archives;

· Viewing and viewing files from the archive;

· Revisiting the archive;

· Revisiting the files that are archived and searching the rows in the archived files;

· Introduction to archive comments to files;

· Creation of rich-volume archives;

· Creation of archives, like in one volume, so it looks like dekilkoh volumes;

· Security protection of information in archives and access to files, placement in archives, protection of skin storage in archives of files in a cyclic code;

· Testing the archive, reviewing savings in new information;

· Updating of files (partially or more) from other archives;

· Tips for types of archives created by other archivists and others.

types of archives

For embossing, different algorithms are used, which can be divided into reverses and methods of embossing from inputs. Remain more effective, but zastosovuyutsya for these files, for which the frequent loss of information does not lead to a significant reduction in power. The characteristic formats for embossing with the second information are:

· .Jpg - for graphic data;

· .Mpg - for video data;

· .Mp3 - for audio data.

Typical embossing formats without wasting information:

· .Tif, .pcx and others - for graphic files;

· .Avi - for video clips;

· .Zip, .arj, .rar, .lzh, .cab and in. - for whatever types of files.

Basic embossing algorithms

Speaking of squeezing algorithms, let's take a look at werewolf algorithms.

Algorithm RLE (Run-Length Encoding) is based on the principle of revealing repeated sequences. When squeezing, a sequence of two repetitions is recorded: the repetition value and the number of repetitions.

butt

Output sequence: 3, 3, 12, 12, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0.

Style information: 3, 2, 12, 3, 0, 4.

Shrink factor: 6/9 * 100% = 67%.

Algorithm KWE (Keyword Encoding) transfers the word dictionary, in which the skin of the word contains a large-byte code. The efficiency of embossing increases with the increase in obligatory coded text.

The Huffman algorithm transfers encoding not by bytes, but by bit groups. New can see three main stages.

1. The frequency of repetition of skin sounds is shown.

2. The more often the symbol is used, the lesser the number of battles will be encoded.

3. Before the encoded sequence, a table of validity is applied.

manager

Vvchity in vbudovanie office zasobi operating system Windows and vykoristovuvat їх for the creation of a star about the laboratory robot. Vikoristovuyuchi manager of archives, take practical skills of work with archival data. The results of data archiving should be given in the archives, after analyzing the volumes of the original files and their archival copies.

The order of vikonanny

1). Work with the program Microsoft Paint ::

- Vidkriti Paint via main menu:

- Zasobami Paint paint the little ones with the number of your variant of the distribution " Options for getting to work. The height of the image is due to become 9 cm.

- close Paint.

2). Work with the Calculator program:

- Open the program calculator via main menu: Start - Programs - Standard.

- Through the menu view remember the type of calculator on Engineering.

- For the help of the calculator, know the value of the virus: , De N - number of your option.

- Zrobiti screenshot working table Calculate from the calculator images with the results by pressing the key on the keyboard « printscreen »

- Open the program Paint

- Vіdredaguvati little ones, in such a rank, that only the image of the calculator with the results of the calculation was lost on the new one.

- close Paint, і calculator.

3). Creation of archives and work with archival tributes:

- Open the program 7-Zip File Manager via the menu: Start - Programs - 7Zip.

- Vicorist buttons for navigating through the file system in the program 7-Zip File Manager go to the folder where you know the files you created Image_Lab02і Calc_Lab02.

- See two files and click on toolbars button Add.

- At the vikni Add to archive enter a name for the archive little ones, Archive format -Zip, Shrink Riven - Ultra. Return respect to those who still know the parameters of the archive, ale deprive them without change .

- Squeeze OK and check the process of creating an archive. The program is guilty of showing a file Little ones.zip

- Zrobiti screenshot working table from the images of the program 7-Zip File Manage.

- Open the program Paint. Paste here an image of the desktop from the clipboard.

- Vіdredaguvati little ones, in such a rank, that only the image of the archivist's window was left on the new one.

- Close the program Paint.

- A new file is received by the archiver Arh_Lab02.bmp. Through the context menu on this file, select the menu item " 7- Zip "-" Add to archive ... "

- In the field for entering the name of the archive, select from the splicing list of the name of the archive little ones and press OK.

- Close the program 7-Zip File Manager.

- For your special dad, create a folder “ Archive files » and move the file there Little ones.zip.

- Clicking the context menu on the archives Little ones.zip, select item "7-Zip "-" Vidobuti "("Extractto "Baby \" ")

4). Creation of a story about laboratory work in the program wordpad:

- Open the program word pad via main menu: Start - Programs - Standard.

- With the help of the program, fill out a note about the laboratory work in such a way, by using a template, images are a little lower. The insertion of the necessary small files is carried out from your special folder through the program menu item: "Insert" - "Object ..."- jumper " Create from file ». Font: Times New Roman.

5). Dopovisti vikladachiv about the completion of vikonannya.

Control nutrition

one). What standard programs are included with Windows?

2). How to run standard Windows programs?

3). How is Notepad recognized?

4). What types of text files allow you to edit Notepad?

5). What is a cursor?

6). How to change fonts in Notepad?

7). How are font parameters set?

eight). What are the main types of fonts and their characteristics?

nine). How do I open a document in the Notepad editor?

eleven). What are the main possibilities for editing a document in Notepad?

12). What is an exchange buffer?

thirteen). How can you place an object in the exchange buffer?

fourteen). How to insert an object into the document that is in the clipboard?

fifteen). Review the main elements of the Notepad window and indicate their functional purpose.

sixteen). Which editors are called graphic? Yake їхнє recognition?

17). How will the image work in raster graphics? in vector?

eighteen). To what type of editors - raster or vector graphics does the Paint editor come into play?

nineteen). How to make a painting on the toolbar of the graphic editor Paint? Yake їхнє recognition?

20). How to recognize the palette of colors and the palette of customization tools of the Paint editor?

21). Where are the coordinates of the graphical cursor displayed?

22). Why has a text editor like a word processor?

23). What does the document formatting feature include?

24). What are the main formatting options included in Word Pad? How are stinks realized?

25). In what formats can you save WordPad documents?

26). What is the purpose of the Calculator?

27). What types of calculators are included with Windows? How do you switch from one type of calculator to another?

28). What are the main possibilities of simple and engineering Calculators?

29). What is OLE technology?

thirty). What is an OLE object, OLE server, OLE client?

31). In what ways can you process and confuse existing objects with an accepting document?

32). Explore and describe the ways in which an OLE server object can be linked to a host document.

33). Balance the methods of transferring and linking objects.

34). What kind of world is supporting OLE technology with different Windows add-ons? Bring examples.

35). What are the possibilities of OLE technology?

36). How to recognize Windows service programs?

37). How do I get access to Windows service programs?

38). What is the Check Disk program for?

39). How often do you carry out a standard and re-verification of a hard drive?

40). How is the disk defragmentation program recognized?

41). What is disk defragmentation?

42). What is disc formatting? In what kind of ways do you go to the formatuvannya?

43). How can I format a disk?

44). What are the features of a hardwired and re-formatted discs?

45). What is the recognition of software archivers?

46). Why are these files and folders tagged?

47). What programs are called archivers?

48). What showcases do archiving programs look for?

49). What are the possibilities of disk archivers?

fifty). Pererakhuyte naybіlsh vіdomі archivators.

51). Which archives are called self-extracting? How are these archives unpacked?

52). Which archives are called rich volumes?

53). What are the main characteristics of archiving software?

54). What are the main functions of archivers?

55). How can you divide embossing algorithms into types?

56). How are squeezing algorithms modified without wasting information in the case of squeezing algorithms with inputs?

57). What are the typical formats for squeezing with wasted information and without wasting information?

58). What are the main compression algorithms?

Options for getting to work

	No. baby

The theme of this lesson is the features of backup and data renewal. Backup meta - the possibility of a guaranteed backup in the amount of time you spend data. The backup is created by the Backup or Restore Wizard, which is included in the standard distribution of Windows XP Professional.

In this case, under the term archiving, it is the backup procedure itself that is understood, and not the procedure for squeezing data, as it is for the assistance of archiving programs.

Regular backups in place of hard disks of computers will prevent data loss through disk failures, power outages, virus intrusion and other types of disturbances. Retentive planning and regular backup procedures are allowed when you spend data on your renewal.

In this robot, we review the process of archiving and updating files.

Copy and update files

Backup in Windows XP Professional.

The Windows XP Professional warehouse includes the Backup program, which is recognized for archiving and updating data. To launch the archiving program, in the Start menu, select Programs -> Accessories -> Services and Data - the Data Archiving command. Also, the data archiving utility can be retrieved from the Services tab of the disk authority window. Another way to run the utility is to select the Vikonati item on the Start menu and type ntbackup in the window.

The data archiving utility supports the creation of a backup copy of a file or on a magnetic stripe. The backup file can be placed on any disk storage device: hard disk, change disk (Zip, Jaz, etc.), which CD is burned, optical disk, etc.

For the purpose of archiving and updating the files and owing to the volodity with the help of songs:

· All correspondents may have the right to archive their own files and folders, as well as files, on which they have permission to read;

· All koristuvachs may have the right to open files, on which they have permission to write;

· Members of the Administrators group can archive and restore files and folders, regardless of the permissions assigned to them.

The main page of Maystra allows you to choose, start the process of archiving files and parameters or updating them.

Archiving planning.

Archiving of files and folders is due to be carried out according to the archiving plan, which is divided in the organization. The schedule for creating backup copies of this plan is subject to transfer and renewal procedures. The plan is guilty of buti deposition in such a rank, so that in case of any trouble, you should spend money. Unfortunately, there is no universal archiving plan, attached to all measures and organizations.

What files and folders to archive?

Robiti backup copy of all files on all disks of the computer is not obov'yazkovo, proactive files are due to archive:

All files of the operating system and installed add-ons. Archiving of system files is carried out only after installing new programs or updating the operating system itself. The presence of such a backup will allow you to quickly update the OS and installed programs, without reinstalling them manually.

Special profiles of correspondents, which are saved in the Documents and Settings folder. Archiving of profiles to allow maximally quick and easy refining of professionally sharpened documents and their special documents.

Basi data.

Other files and folders that represent value.

I can't archive the following files:

· Backup files, memory dumps, etc. (Most of these files are all turned on by the archiving program);

· timchasі files;

browser cache;

· Files and folders that are saved on other media (CDs, optical discs, etc.).

Changing (within reasonable limits) the archived files will speed up the process of archiving and changing the archive expansion. In rich situations, where mothers can be of great importance.

Archivation of data about the system camp.

The Backup program sees files, folders and other objects necessary for the normal functioning of the system; When archiving, the system will consume only those files in the archives, which are necessary for the normal start and operation of Windows XP Professional. In addition, archiving will become a system, the only way that allows you to create a backup copy of the system registry, Active Directory and other key data structures.

You cannot archive components and I will become an okremo system. Because All the stench is strongly mutually related - the stink is to be archived as a single whole.

Archiving data about the system is only possible for a local computer. It is not possible to archive data about the system camp for a remote computer.

How often do you archive data?

The frequency of data archiving is determined by their importance and the frequency of their changes. Obviously, important data should be archived daily. The system folders of the operating system can be archived after serious configuration changes (installation of updates, new software, new drivers, etc.), It is recommended that you archive data about the system settings more often - to allow you to quickly update the system settings. Data that change very rarely (for example, once in a few months) can not be archived. The best option for them would be to manually create a backup copy, for example, on CDs.

Where to save backup copies?

The Backup program allows you to save backup copies on a magnetic stripe or on any other way in front of the files.

Files created by the Backup program (with the Bkf extension) can be placed on any attachment, such as a hard disk, a CD, Zip, Jaz, optical disk, etc. єmnistyu vikoristovuvannoy wear. As a whole, it's nice to win a special storage server for taking backup copies. Prote, Microsoft recommends victorizing backups to files only as a time-based solution, due to the low cost of large numbers, which are victorious for saving files.

The main wear, recognized for saving backup copies, is a magnetic line. This is one of the most inexpensive noses that will carry a great capacity, sufficient for archiving great data commitments. However, the lines are full of great shortcomings - they have the terms of appurtenance, after the completion of such a line, it’s easy to follow. In addition, the lines are recognized for sequential access (data are written down and read sequentially) and archived for archiving and renewal of large portions of data. On the vіdmіnu vіd iznykh kompuchuvachіv, scho save files, you can't work with the line hoarding іnakshe, like for the help of a special program.

To secure your balance with the Backup program, vouch for only a few lines of accumulative accounts that are included in the balance list (HCL). If you choose third-party backup utilities, check that your line is supported by the program.

The Backup program does not compress data when archiving. For this reason, the backup copy takes no less than a month, the files are included in it. A rich amount of lines accumulating to increase the amount of compression of data, which allows you to practically increase the capacity of the line by 2 times. When archiving to a file, you can additionally compress the backup file, be it an archiver program.

You can archive one file per line, or restore not the entire backup copy, but only one file. However, in this mode, the speed of the work of the line accumulator is significantly lower, lower when all the backup copies are backed up as a whole, in order to work without a blind line of the line accumulator for any other purposes, except for the creation of backup copies.

Merezheva or local archiving?

Like a backup program, Backup allows you to archive data not only from the computer on which it is running, but also from other computers in the local area. This allows, say, to install a line storage device only on one computer and to record it for archiving data from other computers. However, the merezhevy archivation imposes the following obezzhennya:

As soon as possible, you can archive data about the system's camp - these data are archived only locally.

Koristuvach, who is responsible for archiving data, has the right to access all archived files on all computers. Even more often it is necessary to supervise security policies.

At the time of the great obligation of archiving data, all computers involved in the archiving process are connected to the local network. Otherwise, the archiving process can take a significant hour.

At the time of local archiving and facilitating all these fencing, prote local archiving near the taman and other fouling:

For zdіysnennya arhіvatsії in files you are responsible for accumulating mothers with sufficient volume of free space. For example, for a complete backup of a 20 GB disk, you will need one more hard disk of this size or 20 GB of free space on the server for backup. In the rest of the year, there will be an independent connection to the local border.

To enable archiving on a line on your computer, you may have a default attachment installed. Due to a number of features of string accumulators (all the stinks of the SCSI bus, which make it obvious in the computer of the video controller, and not cheap), it is not possible to install them on the skin computer.

The archiving procedure is due to be initiated on the skin computer, which, in most cases, requires bypassing these computers in a special way, which is responsible for archiving. It is a pity that this process cannot be entrusted to the koristuvs themselves.

The most optimal is the combination of local and mesh archiving. In this case, the operating system and data about її mill are archived locally (it is necessary to access it rarely and can be done with regular computer maintenance), and often the changes to documents and data about її are archived centrally. For correspondents who save confidential information, archiving can be done manually.

Types of archiving.

Backup supports five standard archiving types. When folding the archiving plan, you can combine the types to achieve maximum productivity and reliability.

To create different types of archiving, file attributes are selected. Zocrema, the fact of changing the file is determined by setting the "archive" attribute. Under the hour of archiving, this attribute is discarded.

original archive

All viewed files and folders are archived. The "archived" attribute is not analyzed, but is discarded from all files that have been archived. The selection of the most important archives will speed up the process of updating the system (it is not necessary to renew a sprinkling of archives), otherwise the archives will take up as much space as possible on the disk or pages.

copies of archives

All viewed files and folders are archived. The "archiving" attribute is not analyzed and is not discarded in the archiving process. This type of archiving can be created if necessary to create a copy of some files between the planned archiving procedures.

additional archives

Only those files and folders are archived, if they were changed from the moment of the remaining significant or additional archiving (the “archiving” attribute is analyzed). The "archiving" attribute is discarded in the archiving process. For a new update of the system, you will need new archives and all additional archives created after the new one. Occupies a minimum space, as it is less necessary to change files.

retail archives

Only those files and folders are archived, if they were changed from the moment of the remaining significant or additional archiving (the “archiving” attribute is analyzed). The "archiving" attribute is not discarded in the archiving process. For a complete upgrade of the system, a new archive and the remaining retail archives will be required.

good archive

Only files and folders are archived, changed during the day until the end of archiving. The attribute "archived" is not analyzed and is not discarded. This type of archive is selected for backup copies of changes made per day.

More types of archiving.

The most efficient backup copy of data is available through a combination of different types of archiving. Some types of archiving require more than an hour and space for backup, but they allow you to restore the system more easily; інші - navpaki. Podnannya different types of archiving allow you to know the "golden mean".

Archiving procedure.

Before archiving on the cob, close all opened files, so that they start archiving. The Backup program cannot copy open files. Blame to install system files and files will become - Backup can be copied from the open source. For whom there is a special Shadow Copy mechanism. You can save it by closing all the programs that work with these files. In addition, you will need to notify all the koristuvachivs that work with these files as much as possible, so that the stench has closed the files.

Revision of data.

It is possible to ensure the success of updating data, only by following the rules of the song, zocrema, and by documenting all entries in archiving.

Preparing for the anniversary.

First of all, you will need to prepare your documents with the archives. If archiving was carried out in files, then it will be changed that all necessary files are available. When archiving to a line, prepare the necessary lines.

As a result of the failure, you reinstalled the operating system on the computer, or you need to update the laptop on the computer, in order to see which of the creations, before the beginning of the update procedure, you happen to import the laptop into the directory of the laptop in the Backup program. At the time of archiving, skins worn are entered into the catalog automatically.

In addition, when preparing an update, it is recommended to follow the following rules:

Plan for renewal, depending on the type of archiving, based on the archival creation. However, when updating data with the critical parameter є hour, archiving is to be planned in such a way as to speed up the renewal as much as possible. For example, with primary and differential archiving, add data from two files (the file of the primary archive and the remaining differential archive), and with primary and additional archiving, you can add data from a decimal archive of the additional data archive (file of the archived audio archive).

Regularly run test updates to verify the correct functioning of the Backup programs (both when creating and updating an archive). Such a test is to allow revealing the malfunction of the possession, which cannot be detected by software methods (ruining the magnetic ball of the line, etc.). After the end of the test renewal, align the renewal data with the holidays.

Document the archiving process in detail and save the documentation. Create and edit reports about skin archiving, which will cover information about all archived and missing files and folders. Qi files can be added quickly, without importing them, explaining where files are found, if they need to be imported.

To keep the appearance of the archiving task at the sight of the calendar, in which the days and hours are indicated, if the stench was beaten. For skin care, you may need to specify: type of archive and place of packing (cassette number, last path to the file, CD number, etc.). For the help of these records, you can easily find the necessary nose.

Renewal procedure.

Like the procedure for archiving data, the renewal procedure can be done in two identical ways: with the help of the master and manually.

When the Backup program is updated, it works with the directory of the media, which includes all media, created on your computer. In order to revitalize data from the nose, wine is guilty of being present in catalosis (otherwise it is guilty of new imports). The directory is saved on the local computer, so when the computer is reinstalled, information from the directory is used.

Updating folders and files can only be done by the administrator or by the archive operator. In addition, when archiving rights, there can be more space (allowed access only for the clerk and administrators).

Victory master of inspiration.

The master of renewal is launched after an additional button on the first tab of the main window of the Backup program. The meister automates and controls dії, yakі you can vikonati manually.

What is next

On the first crochet, the master is guilty of choosing the nose, for which inspiration will be created. You can have access to all noses that can be found in catalogue. Since you know what you need in the catalog, you can look through the disks, folders and files that are on your nose. Select disks, folders and files, as well as to update them.

Completion of master renewal

On the shortest page, information about the renewal is displayed. Behind the locking, the next parameters are set:

· Renewal of data in їх day off the place of roztashuvannya;

· Do not replace existing files;

· Clarify data about permits;

· Checking the closing points.

If necessary, you can change the parameters of the update by pressing the button Dodatkovo.

visnovok

One of the most wide-spread types of service programs are archiving programs, which are used for archiving, packing files in a way to compress information that is stored in them.

Squeezing information - the whole process of converting information that is saved in files, to the point where the superficiality changes in the way it is manifested and, obviously, a smaller amount of memory is required for saving.

The process of archiving starts with the analysis of selected disks, folders and files with the method of compiling the list and designating the expansion of archived files. The analysis process can take a significant hour, especially if you choose to archive a lot of files in a small space.

After the disk scanning operation is completed, the data archiving process starts. When vikoristanny strіchkovogo accumulating on the back, rewinding of the strіchki and forming / modifying the header of the strіchka is carried out.

The process of archiving is visualized at the end of the day. In the process of archiving, an hour before the completion of the procedure, archiving and already archiving data are covered. Take care that the numbers that reflect the number of files and their expansion can change like a big one, and in a smaller direction. Sounds to be called if it is not possible to archive a file, or if you change the folder in place for an hour of the backup procedure. After the operation is completed, the program will display information about the archives.

Innovative data will become a system only on a local computer.

If, when updating data to the system, no alternative location is specified, then all current data to the computer will be deleted and replaced by updated data from the archive.

The process of renewal is visualized at the beginning of the renewal program. In the fields, which are judged for the number and size of the processed files, the number and real value of the update data are shown, which (in the fall due to the completion of the process of updating) can be significantly reduced to the smaller side of the archive. It is also rozrakhovuєtsya transferring the hour of remembrance.

List of victorious literature

2. Informatics: Encyclopedic vocabulary / Order. YES. Pospelov. - M .: Pedagogy-Pres, 2005.

3. Makarova N.V. Informatics 9. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2007.

4. Simonovich S., Єvsєєv G., Aleksєєv A. Zagalna informatics. - M .: ASTpress, 2007.

5. Shafrin Yu.D. Information technologies: In 2 parts. - M .: Basic Knowledge Laboratory, 2007.

zahist system

Meta robots: Take into account theoretical considerations and take into account practical considerations for launching and configuring backup programs and updating data and systems in Windows Server 2003.

Short introductions to theory

The archiving program helps to protect data from data collection at times, even though in the system of records it is not possible to hold or carry it. For example, with the help of an archiving program, you can create a backup copy of data on a hard disk, and then create archives on another attachment to save information. Carrying an archive can be a logical disk (for example, a hard disk), an additional disk (such as an external disk) or a library of disks or a line, kerovan by the Robotic protector. If you delete or replace the deleted data on a hard disk, data can be easily restored from a backup copy through a hard drive.

The two most extensive tasks are archiving files to a file or per line and updating files from a file or per line. You can also archive data from the command line.

In order to protect the system in the event of a serious outage, you can vikoristovuvat zasіb archiving, so as to regularly create a set of emergency notifications of the system (ASR). The master of the system emergency backup creates archiving, which consists of two stages, so that you can restore the system after all the other recent attempts at renewal, or after replacing the hard drive. ASR archives the system, system services and all disks associated with operating system components. In addition, I'm creating an exciting disk to cover information about archiving, disk configurations (including the base and dynamic volumes) and instructions for updating. It is necessary to create a new set of ASRs after any significant change in the system, and also regularly as part of an overall archiving plan.

Some of the most expanded tasks are the creation of a set of emergency backup systems for additional archiving programs and backup of the system after a failure to fix the emergency backup of the system.

Description of laboratory setup and software

Computer running Microsoft Windows 2000 / XP operating system, VMware Workstation virtual machine with Microsoft Windows Server 2003 operating system installed.

Vkazivki to vikonannya roboti

Task 1. Archiving files to a file or to a line

To start archiving, press the button Start and select commands all programs, standard, servicesі data archiving.

After locking, the archiving and renewal programs are launched in the master mode (Fig. 3.), which is the non-powered mode. Possibility to win the master or go to the offensive croc in expansion mode.

Mal. 3. Vіkno "We kindly ask"

Select tab archiving, And then in the menu manager choose a team create.

Select files and folders for archiving by setting the parameters in the list Set paraports for all objects, if you want to archive.

Add to list Location of the archive choose one of the options.

· To archive files or folders to a file, select the item file. Tsey variant of appeals for zamovchuvannyam.

· For archiving files and folders on a line, select the accumulator on a magnetic line.

In the field Carry the archive or name of the file tick one of the dіy.

· To archive files and folders into a file, enter the path and name of the archive file (.bkf) or press the button looking around, To know yoga.

· To archive files and folders on a line, select the required line.

Set archiving parameters - archive type and log file type by selecting in the menu service command parameters. Next press the button OK.

Press button archive and make changes in the dialogue window Vіdomostі about the task of archiving.

To set additional parameters for archiving, for example, rechecking data or compressing hardware, press the button dodatkovo. Having set the additional archiving parameters, press the button OK.

To start archiving, press the button archive.

Notes:

Start and select commands all programs, standard, servicesі data archiving.

· As a master of archiving, or the update does not start after locking, for this, choose on the deposit Kindly please! command master mode.

· Deyakі accumulating on the magnetic strіchtsі can not podtrimuvat equipment squeezing.

· Information about the system setting includes most of the system configuration elements, but not all of the information that may be needed to recover the system after a failure. Therefore, when archiving the system, it is recommended to create backup copies of all exciting and system volumes, including data about the system's campus.

· Archivation of data about the country of the system is only possible for the local computer. It is not possible to archive data for a distant computer.

· The archive file may have the extension .bkf. It is possible to hack whether it is an extension, but it is recommended to hack the .bkf extension, so that you can create files to ensure recognition of the archive file.

Task 2. Updating files from a file or from a line

Open the Archivation program.

After locking, the archiving and renewal programs are launched in the master mode, which means that the mode is not turned on.

Select tab Renovation and management of nose i in the list Set paraports for all objects, if you want to restore set the paraportions for these files and folders, as needed.

Add to list Upload files in choose one of the options.

· postal distribution, As it is necessary to transfer files and folders from the archive to the folder (or folders), the stench was changed before archiving. Skip to line 6.

· alternative accommodation, It is also necessary to transfer files and folders from the archive to the designated folder. This parameter allows you to save the archive data folder structure. All archive folders and subfolders must be registered with the designation of the supplementary folder.

· single folder, It is also necessary to transfer files and folders from the archive to the assigned folder. When you select this option, the folder structure of archived data is not saved. The files will only be updated in the designated folder.

When choosing a parameter alternative accommodation or single folder, Enter in field alternative accommodation way to the required destination or press the button looking around, to know її.

Menu service choose a team parameters, Go to tab renewal and tick one of the dіy.

· As in the course of the renewal, there is no way to replace the files that are already on the hard drive, select the option Do not replace the file on the computer.

· If during renewal it is necessary to replace the old files on the disk with new files from the archive, select the option Replace the file on the computer, only as old as.

· If in the course of renewal it is necessary to replace the files on the local disk regardless of how the files are dated in the archive, select the option.

· Press the button OK, To accept the set renewal parameters.

Press button renew.

If you need to change the additional parameters of the update, for example, update the parameters in security and data about the entry points, press the button dodatkovo. After completing the setting of additional parameters, press the button OK.

Press button OK, To get some inspiration.

Respect!

· When choosing a parameter Replace the file on your computer, Then if there is a streaming work file in the archive, the file on the disk can be replaced, and its data is ruined.

· The archiving program allows archiving and redoing data from FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS volumes. Data removed from NTFS volumes are recommended to be used on NTFS volumes of the same version to prevent them from being wasted. Some file systems may not support all the capabilities of other file systems.

Notes:

· To follow these procedures, it is necessary to enter the group Administrators or Operators to the archive on the local computer, or to take into account the necessary steps for delegation. If a computer is connected to a domain, this procedure can be performed by members of the domain administrator group. For any kind of security mirroring, it is recommended to override the Run as name command.

· To start archiving, press the button Start and select commands all programs, standard, servicesі data archiving.

· You can also update files for the help of the wizard by selecting from the menu service command Master of Innovation.

· For archiving and updating files in databases of Microsoft SQL Server, it is recommended to use archiving utilities and SQL update.

· In order to update data to become a domain controller system, you must first start the computer in directory service update mode. Allow the SYSVOL directory and the Active Directory directory service database to be updated.

· Update data will become a system only on a local computer. It is not possible to restore this system to a distant computer.

· Archive operators and administrators can archive and restore encrypted files and folders without decrypting them.

Task 3. Creation of a set of emergency notifications of the system for the help of archiving software

Open the Archivation program.

Mal. 4. Opening the archiving program tab "Archiving"

After locking, the archiving and renewal programs are launched in the master mode, which means that the mode is not turned on. You can select the archiving master or the backup master to create an emergency recovery set (ASR) by selecting All information on this computer in retail Select objects, how to archive next. Otherwise, you can go to the next step to create an ASR dial, a vicarious expansion mode.

Menu service choose a team Master of the emergency system.

Read the instructions on the screen.

Respect! It is necessary for the mother to prepare a floppy disk with a capacity of 1.44 MB for saving the parameters in the system and for saving files in the archive.

Notes:

· To follow these procedures, it is necessary to enter the group Administrators or Operators to the archive on the local computer, or to take into account the necessary steps for delegation. If a computer is connected to a domain, this procedure can be performed by members of the domain administrator group. For any kind of security mirroring, it is recommended to override the Run as name command.

· During the course of the procedure, only system files that are necessary to start the operating system will be archived. Data should be archived OK.

· After the creation of the ASR set, the next step is to recognize the floppy disk and carry the archive and save them all at once. In order to conquer a portable archive, it is necessary to make a floppy disk, as it was created at once with a set of noses. It is impossible to beat a floppy disk, created at a later hour or with a smaller set of carriers. Also for the emergency recovery of the system, there is an installation CD.

· Slid zberіgati nabіr ASR in a safe place. Collect ASR to get information about the system configuration, so you can win for the root of the system.

· In order to archive the server cluster, start the master of preparing the emergency system on all nodes of the cluster and switch over, so that the cluster service works when creating the ASR skin archive. Change, scho one of the nodes, to which launches the master of emergency preparation of the system, the master of the quorum resource for the hour of the work of the master.

Task 4. Reinstatement of the system after a failure to fix the problem of emergency restoration of the system

Before the beginning of the renewal procedure, change the visibility of the following elements:

· Front-folded floppy disks for emergency recovery of the system;

· In front of the created carrying archive;

· Original installation CD of the operating system;

· When the controller is present, I will add, which I remember, for which the driver file is needed (the default type of files available from the CD), the next file (on the diskette) before the start of the procedure.

Insert your operating system CD into the CD.

Reboot the computer. When a prompt appears on the screen, press the key to download from the CD, press the key.

If there is a driver file, as described in paragraph 1, flash the driver as part of the installer by pressing the F6 key at the prompt on the prompt.

Press F2 if you are asked to enter the text stage of the installation. When prompted to insert a front-folded system emergency recovery diskette.

If there is a driver file, as described in paragraph 1, press the F6 key (suddenly) when an appropriate prompt appears after the system is rebooted.

Read the instructions as they appear on the screen.

Notes:

· The availability of physical access to the server lowers the security of the system. For the creation of a larger secure environment, it is necessary to have physical access to all servers and a fencing installation.

· In the event of a system emergency, data files are not restored.

· When a server cluster is restored, all nodes of a certain disk quorum cannot be updated from the archive, after which the system fails to restore the skin node in the output cluster to restore the signatures of disks and re-enable the quorum disk clusters.

Control nutrition

1. List the types of backup archives.

2. Change the buttons of the “We kindly ask” window of the archiving program.

3. What is the mechanism of shadow copies?

4. Name the options for archiving system data.

5. What information is provided in the data archiving announcement?

6. Vibatche for temporal inconsistency is presented in the article about the creation of a backup copy of the system?

Laboratory work: Development and updating of software security. Manage add-ons on the local computer. Planuvannya vykonannya head

Meta robots: Take into account the theoretical information and take into account the practical considerations for launching and setting up the installation program and removing the program, as well as the scheduler in Windows Server 2003.

Short introductions to theory

You can tweak the "Installation and removal of the program" component of the maintenance panel for installation, updating or managing the add-on on the local computer.

The most advanced task is to install or update the software on the local computer.

Management of add-ons on the basis of add-ons, or removal of add-ons, change of program settings, or planning to launch an add-on at tasks per hour. You can tweak the component "Installing and deleting the program" of the maintenance panel to add or remove the program, change the existing program, update the smart extension or to add or remove the Windows components. hour for scheduling the launch of an addendum in tasks per hour.

It is also possible to upgrade the operating system and Microsoft software security, vikoristovuchi zasіb "Windows Update" in the center of improvement and support for the acquisition of elements, such as the correction in the security system, key updates, the rest of the files of the update, drivers and Internet products.

Some of the biggest extensions of the tasks are adding, removing or making changes to the add-on and planning the launch of the add-on in the tasks of the hour. It is also possible to launch an addendum in the schedule hour from the command line, victorious command hour.