Administration tools. Get ready to go

Basic 1C system administration tools: The business is implemented at the configurator's warehouse. However, there are a number of mechanisms and utilities that are not included in the configurator’s warehouse, but may also be relevant to the administration of the 1C:Enterprise system. We are reorganizing the most important mechanisms and tools that are included in the administrative warehouse:

Authentication mechanisms

Lecture 4. Computer software

Software warehouse

Software security(“Soft”, Software) (PZ) as if superimposed on the hardware part of the computer, allowing the user to interact with it. You can see such components in the warehouse.

· Applied PZ– this class of programs, intended for Vikonannya Zavod koristuvacha i scho to toil Intelligent user-friendly interface(Office programs, CAD, audio file processor, etc.).

· System PZ– this class of programs that provide a number of types of interface: hardware-software interface; software interface; Koristuvach interface(an operating system (OS) with a set of administration and configuration tools (utilities), as well as a basic input-output system (BIOS)).

· Promizhne PZ– all database servers, program servers and other server programs, which are processed through the client side (e-mail server, ICQ server for meeting notifications, Web server, etc.)

· Instrumental programming features- These programs are intended for the creation of system, application and intermediate software.

Computer security system software

Open source software is designed to ensure the interaction of the computer's application programs with the computer's hardware. The system software (SPO) is shown (Fig.):

· Basic input system (BIOS);

· Operating system kernel;

· Device drivers;

· Operating system services (Utilities);

· System shells;

· Administration tools;

· System programming tools.

Basic BIOS entry system

The BIOS subsystem includes such functions.

· Hardware security testing when turned on - all vitally important devices of the computer are checked. Devices may not function properly or be out of date, making the OS unusable. And here the process of installing the OS is interrupted.

· Launching the OS scanner - after successful completion of the test, the OS scanner is launched, which forces the OS kernel to solve a problem about the computer, and the main control is transferred to the OS.

· Control and adjustment of various computer hardware parameters – system bus frequency, processor clock speed, etc.

The BIOS chip is supplied together with the motherboard.

Operating system kernel

The OS kernel always resides in the computer's RAM until it is turned off, and the functioning of all other software components, both system and application, is achieved through the interaction of the Cosmos with the OS kernel.

The OS kernel contains the following functions: it ensures the storage of system and application programs, it sees software resources, it ensures the interaction of programs with each other and with the computer’s hardware.

Device drivers

The configuration of the computing system can include various models of monitors, printers, scanners, sound and video cards and other equipment. The skin care specialist applies a new special program. drivers for the main operating systems, which ensure the interaction of devices with the OS, and through it provide access to the main device of application programs.

Operating system services

This is a special type of program that is required to constantly interact with other programs or set up certain parameters of the operating system. They call them services or else demons. Such programs launch and complete their work immediately from the OS. An example can be a service to a friend: this service can receive documents simultaneously from several programs (computers), place them on the server and then send them to a friend after turning on the printer.

System shells

Shell of the operating system (English: shell) – command interpreter operating system, which will provide an interface for interaction between the device and the OS functions. System shells are special programs in which all the main commands are simpler, simpler and more manual than the OS commands themselves.

In this case, the shells are divided into two types of interface for interacting with the client: text interface (TUI) and Koristuvach graphical interface (GUI). The user interface in Windows OS is based on the standard for a graphical window interface Windows: Work table, Start Menu, Panel standardized program windows. The remaining versions of the Windows operating system are used as their own graphical system shell and integrated core Explorer Windows. Explorer Windows is a visual file management middleware. Butt vikna Explorer shown in Fig. 1.

Small 1. Example of the program window Explorer Windows

With the help of system shells, the operations themselves, as well as commands in the OS, are linked:

· Creation and browsing instead of catalogs and folders;

· Navigation of the file structure of the computer's disk memory;

· Copying, renaming, deleting folders and files;

· View instead of files;

· Launching programs on Wikonanny, etc.

Administration tools

It is necessary to keep the operating system at a low level in order to system administration department. These can include: additions, modifications and recognition of the rights of investors, installation and implementation of application programs; addition and configuration of new devices; adjusting the graphical interface; adjusting the boundaries to connect; ensuring sufficient protection against unauthorized actions. For these purposes, a number of programs are used, which are called system administration utilities.

Every professional whose work is closely connected with a computer knows what a system administrator is and understands that this work will require knowledge from the field of information technology.

However, knowledge alone is often not enough to diagnose and restore normal operation of computer technology, requiring both emergency and special tools.

It's too early for home users to have to worry about servicing their computer. At a minimum, this involves disassembling, cleaning and replacing other components. For this, one twist is often enough, but if on the right it comes to fixing the problems, it is no longer enough.

In order to check the voltage of the batteries on the motherboard, you need a multimeter, which is also needed to check the voltage of the life block and detect breaks.

To update a PC that has been removed from the front panel, you often need a simple soldering iron, and craftsmen can resolder capacitors that are swollen on the motherboard or in the life block.

To re-wire the Internet cable or simply replace the connector, you have to submit an application to the provider and wait for the master to arrive for several days. All this can be done independently for the treatment of sickness, with squeezing pincers at your fingertips.

By the way, a complete set of tools is easy for a system administrator and a technically savvy technician. In addition, a lot of tools fall on the state government.

It would be great if everything you needed was in one place, and not scattered across different boxes. There are complete sets of system administrator tools, in which the skin tool has its own place, and the manual case can also be taken with you to each other or client.

These sets are varied so that you can find one that suits your needs and budget. There are also a number of options that contribute to the popularity of system administrators.

Includes the most necessary high-quality tools for pressing and checking steam twists.

This set is for further information to system administrators and installers and includes:

• digital professional steam torsion tester
• crimper for crimping connectors (6 in 1)
• cable cutting tool
• screw with replaceable inserts (34 pcs)
• tool bag

More simple specifications for dialing, which are most useful for tasks related to the installation of cable lugs.

To help installers know what they need for manual work, this kit includes:

• E Network cable tester
• crimper for installing modular sockets (3-position)
• Tool for stripping and unstitching cables
• twist twist 5×75 mm
• twist flat 5×75 mm
• bag on Blyskavtsi

This set of applications for repairing computers and peripheral devices includes a large selection of tools that may be needed for various purposes.

This is a great choice for equipment repair specialists and craft workers who love to craft and do everything with their own hands, and in this case everything that can be seen:

• electrical twist
• dial bits (25 pcs)
• precision twists
• combination wrench (5-11 mm)
• set of sockets (5-10 mm)
• soldering iron with mounting
• pliers with wire cutters
• parts box
• bag on Blyskavtsi

This kit includes everything you need to connect your computer to the end.

This is what facility workers need to do to ensure that computers are connected to the Internet and that faults are corrected in order to make this job as easy as possible:

• E Network cable tester
• crimper for pressing roses (3 in 1)
• stripper for cable cutting
• RJ-45 assortment (80 pcs)
• plastic case

Even without modifying the sets of tools, you can choose the one that best suits you, and if there is something you can’t grind there, then it’s not a problem to add anything you need.

In 2009, the Microsoft Corporation introduced a new operating system, Windows 7. This OS, in addition to a large number of innovations, implemented a large number of server tools with almost all key adjustments to the Windows 7 system. ki, printers and etc.

See Windows 7

There are a number of options for the Windows 7 operating system. Different tasks and areas of operation are covered, and, obviously, there are different capabilities and administration tools.

The widest range of modifications of Windows - maximum, professional and home. The administration of Windows 7 has its own peculiarities for each type of OS. The largest package for managing views is in Windows 7 Ultimate, making it universal for both work and leisure. Windows 7 Starter has the least amount of tweaking. It is intended for the most basic tasks, installed on low-power laptops or netbooks, and is often used to demonstrate the pre-sale capabilities of computer technology.

There is now a need to revoke administrator rights

To operate outside of Windows 7 administration, you must have administrator rights. A client who is created during the installation of Windows may be required to combine rights with safety standards. Under the cloud recording of the streaming server, bad programs and viruses will not be launched, important system files will not be accidentally deleted, and no real malware necessary for the OS will be installed. There are also unpleasant moments. When installing certain programs, for example, office programs, you may encounter that changes in the system are not saved, or the installed programs fail and do not save data. If the reasons are given, it turns out that the user does not have the rights to complete operations, for example, to write files to the Program Files folder.

Ways to revoke administrator rights

To have more rights to administer Windows, you need to increase the number of functions in the system. You can earn money in different ways. Two of them are the most frequently used:

Through the window keruvannaya koristuvachami. On the keyboard you need to type the combination “WIN + R”, in the window, type the snap-in lusrmgr.msc and press “Ok”. When the window “Local community groups” opens, you need to go to the “Correspondence” item. On the administrator’s account, use the right mouse button to click on the menu and select the “Authority” item, in which you can remove the authority of the account’s account. When done, click OK and restart your device.

Windows 7 Administration may be needed for a short time, for example, to launch programs that are unstable in the emergency mode. To do this, you need to right-click on the program and select “run as administrator” from the menu. In this case, the program operates with assigned rights.

To enable advanced rights for permanent work, you need to run the command line as an administrator, enter the line “net user Administrator / active: yes” (you are turning on the administration of Windows 7 Russian version), and then press Enter. After re-authorization, you will be able to select the administrator's account account on the privacy screen along with other account accounts.

It is necessary to ensure that constant work under the guise of an administrator operates with a very low level of protection, and all programs, including viruses and malware, will be launched with maximum privileges.

Login to the computer control point

The best way to manage administration in Windows 7 is through the basic computer management functions. You can get there in different ways. The simplest one is to right-click on the “My Computer” icon and select the “Keruvannya” or “Koshti” option. Another option is to launch through the “Administration” panel or through the command row with the command compmgmtlauncher. This equipment has such frequently used aspects of the administration of Windows 7, such as the provision of services and disks, and other aspects of the administration of Windows 7. In case of system failures, experienced operators and administrators can quickly identify the problem by checking the system lags in the “Review” tool. Logs are maintained on all platforms that are active in the system, starting with the start of services when the computer is turned on and ending with the recording of user activity in the system.

Windows services

On the service management tab, you can view a list of services that are installed. It is possible to change the mode and parameters of their robots and start. Often, the administration of Windows 7 services is compromised when the computer is infected with viruses, which themselves add services and are launched when the computer is infected. To combat them, start the service, and then remove it from the autorun list.

and device manager

Equally important is the administration of disks in Windows 7. This makes it possible not only to create partitions on the hard disk, but also to change their sizes, assign them names and a letter identifier, such as study in the system. In this section of the panel you can see in the box that the flash drive is not recognized in the system or the drive letter is not specified. When you connect new disks to the equipment, you can determine their sizes, perform formatting and other operations.

Information about the ownership of the computer can be found in the device manager. Failures occur if the new device is not recognized by the system and the driver has to be searched for somewhere unknown. Administration in Windows 7 allows you to view information not only on installed devices, but also on those for which drivers were not found. The authorities of the skin device indicate a unique identifier for the device group to which the device is to be applied. Using these parameters, you can easily find the driver for your new device. Most often, problems arise with video card drivers, Wi-Fi adapters, etc.

Remote administration features allow you to configure the system and implement changes in the robot program and operating system remotely via internal networks or via the Internet. Remote administration of Windows 7 is not possible for all types of OS; connections can only be adjusted for the corporate, professional and maximum versions (you can view the version of the operating system in “Computer Power”).

The “Remote Desktop” utility has been introduced, allowing the administrator to connect to the computer and work on a new setup without interfering with the login session. To activate the ability to connect, you need to go to the Internet Panel, after which the system authorities make changes to the item “Setting up remote access.” It is difficult to administer Windows 7 remotely when you have a registered and permitted remote connection.

Administration of cloud records

In the operating system, the administration of Windows 7 cloud records has been transferred. It is also possible to manage local cloud records (creating new ones, editing them, deleting existing ones, changing passwords, etc.), as well as local cloud records. from remote access. As has already been said above, for safety reasons it is recommended to create an account account for the account and log in to the system under it. Since there are reduced privileges, then in case of infection with a virus or with little evidence, the damage to system files will be minimal.

If you have a number of accounts on your computer, you can create a number of cloud records. Your account selection is selected when you log in to the system in the welcome window. Each customer can customize specific system parameters, for example, such as shortcuts and desktop backgrounds, which are saved in the customer’s specific profile. The administrator can work with all the profiles of personal computers.

Administration of the border

Another important subject of administration is the adjustment of boundary parameters. To open Windows 7, you need to go to the “Start – Control Panel – Internet and Internet” menu. Most often, administration is related to established and configured access to files and folders of home devices, as well as access to the printer in the home.

There are also manual options such as “Diagnostics and troubleshooting”, which allow you to carry out reliable diagnostics and search for problems and measures.

Addendum 5. Administration tools

One of the “admitted problems” of the new Firebird model is the choice of tools. Why? Because the strength of the Firebird is lacking in the presence of excellent instruments, both commercial and well-developed. Not all commercial sellers offer free trial versions, so your biggest problem is choosing the tool that best suits you.