Coursework: Projecting of regional electric fences. Vibrating for the configuration of the rose-by-line hedge Razorbka 4 options for the configuration of the hedge
The performance form for the flow and forecasted graph will be lost in the same way, as the value of the imovirn_snyh characteristics change proportionally.
In such a rank, we recognized the predicted pressure of the PS. Dal, vikoristovuchi "Rozrakhunok festo" can be recognized all the other characteristics.
It is necessary to brutalize the fact that the maximum effort has been established for everyone in the "framing of the hedge" in order to go more, they didn’t put it. it is not physically possible. It will be explained by the fact that when writing the programs "Rozrakhunok festi", the student's coefficient will be accepted 1.96. There are a lot of people who are happy with them.
Analysis of imovirnіsnyh characteristics
For the tribute from the "Rozrakhunka of the hedge", we recognize the active urge to guide us to the universities. Reactive pressure is significant for reactive pressure in the department at the KP in the skin university
As a result of the distribution of the necessary forecasts of the necessary characteristics, which are added to the Dodatka A. For newer projects, they will be deprived of predicted characteristics. The reactive efforts are insured on the basis of the formulas (2.6) and are transformed into the supplement of A.
Table 2.1 - Requirements for the implementation of the characteristics
|
Imovirnіsnі characteristics, MW |
||||||||
|
basic |
forecasts |
|||||||
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
17 ,11 |
6,43 |
|||||||
|
7,71 |
||||||||
|
9,00 |
||||||||
|
14,92 |
||||||||
3. Development of MOZHLIVIH VARIANTIV SCHEMES TA ЇX ANALIZ
Methods for the distribution and selection of the most economically prescriptive options for the electric grid given to the area. The options need to be grounded, given dignity and shortcomings, and converted to practical health. If all the stinks can be realized, then, vreshty-resht, there are two options, one of which is the least summarized in the line in one-liner, and the smallest one.
3.1 Development of flexible options for configuring electrical hedge and output of competitive building
Principles Induce the Heirloom
Electrical circuits are responsible for the use of vitrates. The electric net is guilty of the mother as well as the necessary economy and toughness. / 3, p. 37 /.
In the design practice to induce the rational configuration of the hemisphere, the cooking method should be used, but for the given development, there will be a number of options. Numerous options are not guilty but vypadkovy - leather primed on the principle of prompting the hem (radial hem, kiltseva, etc.) / 3, p. 37 /.
When developing the configuration of options in the hedge, the following is the principle:
The supply of the 1st category of guilt will be taken care of by the power supply from two independent power supply systems, at least two lines and interruptions in the power supply are allowed for the period of automatic switching on, backup life. 1.2.1 / 3/3/3/3/3/3/3/3/3/3
For those who live in the II category in a large number of vipads, they can also transfer food for two other lines, or according to Dvolantsyugovy lines.
For an electric appliance of the III category, complete the harvest one line at a time.
Vinyat of vortex streams of exertion in rosy framing
Rowing of electrical framing to docillary health at the university
In the case of the ringlets, one line of nominal springs is to blame.
Stagnation of simple electrical circuits of rozpodilnyh attachments with a minimum amount of transformation.
The option of a measure is guilty of transferring the necessary level of power supply
Main lines may be in some cases with circular lines, but there is a great length of submarines in a single line; large numbers of high-quality and manual ones in case of operative victorian
It is necessary to transfer the development of power supply lines at the points of accommodation
The option of the electric circuit is guilty but technically good, that is, it is due to the transformers, because of the change of the lines on the line.
Development, adjustment and revision of options in the configuration of the mesh
The proportional indicators of the proponated options in the hemisphere have been added to B.
Respect: for robustness in robotized programs, letters of the designated PS are replaced with digital ones.
I will look at the development of the PS, their efforts have been propounded by the chotiri options for connecting to the VP.
The first option has three PSs to go to the TES according to the circular scheme. Quarter PS G (4) live as TES and URP. An outstanding option is the hope of all survivors, some of all PS in this option, there are two independent dzherela living. In addition, the scheme is handy for dispatching control (all substations are in transit, which are put into repairs and allowing quick reservations).
Malunok 1 - Option 1
For lowering the struma in the PA mode (when one of the main dylanoks is connected) in the rings of PS 1, 2, 3, the proponations of option 2, de PS 2 and 3 start in the circle, and PS 1 is grabbed along the Dvolantsyugovy VL. Malunok 2.
electric hemstitch for vitrat
Malunok 2 Option 2
For the hardening of the connection between the displayed centers of the harvesting, option 3 is set, in which PS 3 and 4 it is to live from TES and URP. Daniy is an option to act as the first two about the length of the overhead line, however, it is possible to improve the reliability of the power supply circuitry for the substation V (3). Malunok 3.
Figure 3 Option 3
At option No. 4, the most suitable resident of the PS 4, visions on the border of harvesting on Dvolantsyugovy VL from TES. In this vipad of the links between TES and URP, the mensh gave, however, the PS G (4) is right there from the other PS. Malunok 4.
Malunok 4 Option 4
For re-training, it is necessary to carry out the work according to the recommended options.
According to the formula of Ilarionov, it is significant to rationalize equal springs for all visible head-ends and radial overhead lines:
,(3.1)
de 
- dovzhina dilyanka, for which purpose the tension starts;
- the pressure of exertion, which is transmitted through the tsiy dilyantsi.
For vnnachennya springs in rings, it is necessary to make a rational spur on the head plates. For the sake of the flow of the most active strain on the head racks, at the same time, they will start to get started about the time spent on the racks. At the outrageous viglyad:
,(3.2)
,(3.3)
de P i - the maximum forecast is the pressure to supply i th university;
l i0`, l i0`` - more lines from i-th point of the hemline to the generalized end (0` or 0``) of the open-ended scheme for replacing the circlet in the case of the development at the point of life;
l 0`-0`` - the total amount of dinner of all dalyanoks of ring hedgehogs. / 4, z 110 /
In such a rank, we can accept the springs for turning us into diagrams of circuits, the development of various images in supplementary B.
The order of options is shown in table 3.1
Table 3.1 - Parameters of options in hedge
Behind the front bags, you can choose between options 1 and 2 for a closer look.
3.2 Detailed analysis of competitive building options
At a certain point, it is necessary to assess the number of possessions, as it is necessary for a reliable and efficient electrical supply: transformers, power transmission lines, the need for compensating attachments, power supply circuits. In addition, on this stage, assess the technical ability (docility) of the implementation of the proponated options.
Vibir of the bit and the exertion of compensating attachments
Compensation of reactive tautness - rectifying the flow to the balance of reactive tautness at the university of the electric power system by means of regulating the tension, and in the rosy framing, by means of reducing the energy consumption. Zdіysnyutsya z vikorystannyam compensating attachments. In order to meet the necessary pressure in the universities of the electrical system for living up the reactive effort, it is necessary to generate the need to generate the pressure for the necessary reserve. The generated reactive urge to store up with the reactive urge, which is rocked by the generators of power plants and the reactive urgency of compensating attachments, spaced out in the electric grid and in the power plants in a way that makes the electric power available.
Come to the substation for compensation of jet pressure to allow:
change navantazhennya on the transformer, change the term їkh service;
hedgehogCourse robot >> Physics2.4 Vibration of the number and pressure of transformers When projects electricians hedgehog at the stations of all categories it is recommended to ... district electric hedgehog maє odne dzherelo zhivennya - systemic ...
Entry
Electric power plant-tse installation, designed for the redevelopment and distribution of electrical energy. The building is stored with transformers, busbars and communication devices, as well as ancillary equipment: attachments for relay control and automation, virtual attachments. Power stations are intended for the connection of generators and those connected to power transmission lines, as well as for the connection of other parts of an electrical system.
Modern energy systems are stored in hundreds of interconnected elements, which can be poured one on one. The project is guilty of being carried out with the help of the main minds of the spilo robot elements, which is poured into the given part of the system. There are a number of design options for providing such benefits: reliability, economy, efficiency of operation, quality of energy and flexibility for future development.
In the course of the course design, one can bathe in the corystuvannya with pre-literature, GOSTs, single norms and enlarged indicators, tables.
At the head of the course design to drive practical engineering methods, the development of complex power supply with the equipment of power lines, production stations and other elements of electrical systems, as well as the need for further development of robotic systems. The particularity of the design of electrical systems and polyagons in a tight interconnection of technical and economic design. The vibe of the most dacha version of the electric power station is not carried out only by theoretical design, but on the basis of the new world.
APPLICATION TO ROSRAHUNKU ONE Z VARIANTIV SCHEME
DISTRICT ELECTRIC LAND
Pochatkovі danі
Scale: 1 cell - 8.5 km;
Coefficient of exertion at the station "A", is acceptable. od.:;
Stress on the tires of the station "A", kV: 
, 
;
The number of years for the maximum nomination: 
;
The most active supply at the plant, MW: 
, 
, 
, 
, 
;
The triviality of rewiring power transformers by pulling out: 
;
The characteristics of the reactive pressure on the installation at the training stations are also of the same meaning: 
, 
, 
, 
, 
.
At the warehouses on all substations, they are ready for delivery of I and II categories for the reliability of power supply for the delivery of goods for the delivery of category II.
1.1. Geographic development of Dzherela living "A" and 5 universities
Vibrating for configuring rose-based hems
Vibir of rational configuration of rosette hedge є one of the head meals, which can be seen on cob stages of the design. Vibir of the scheme is carried out on the basis of technical and economic presentation of a number of options. Possible options for determining the technical health of the skin from them according to the parameters of the main electrical equipment (darts, transformers, etc.)
The development of options needs to be fixed on the basis of the offensive principles:
a) the scheme is to blame for the possibility (grounded) of idle time and the transfer of electricity to the survivors is to blame for the shortest path, without the ringing of the need, without the loss of energy consumption.
b) the diagrams of electrical installations for lowering power stations are also guilty but simple (grounded), so that there is no need to reduce the cost of equipment and operation, as well as the need for work;
c) after the pragmatic power of the electric circuit with a minimal amount of transformation of the power, so that the need to reduce the need for transformers and autotransformers, as well as the need for power and power;
d) circuits of electrical circuits are responsible for ensuring the reliability and the need for electrical power supply, and not to allow overheating and overwhelming electrical cooling lines and processes (according to the strings in the time of day)
It is obvious that the PUE in case of the presence of conditions of I and II categories on the substation of the electric power supply from the least of the engineering system can be no less than two lines, we connect to the independent dzherel of the livelihood. For the urahuvannya vishche vikladenogo and with urahuvannya alternatives of qualities and indications of singing types of schemes, it is recommended to formulate in the first place the variants of schemes of hedge: radial, radial-magistral, simplest ring types.
Spiraling on wikkladens, there are ten options for schemes of regional electric fences (Fig. 1.2.).
Scheme No. 1 Scheme No. 2
Scheme No. 3 Scheme No. 4
Scheme No. 4 Scheme No. 5
Scheme No. 7 Scheme No. 8
Figure 1.2. Options for configuring circuits for electrical fences.
There are two storage schemes for advanced design according to a complex of indicators and characteristics, two of the most rational options (No. 1 і No. 2).
I. Option I (scheme No. 1) transferring the supply of stations No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to the university A behind the addition of two-sided radial lines (as well as single-sided and two-sided lines 110 kV overhead km).
II. Option II (Scheme No. 2) transfer of one train station No. 3 and No. 2 in the card station No. 4 and No. 5 in the card station No. line 110 kV, by extension 229.5 km).
Federal Agency for Education
State Health Establishment of All Professional Education
Amur State University
(GOU VPO "AmSU")
Department of Energy
COURSE PROJECT
on the topic: Projecting the regional electrical framing
from the discipline of Electrical power systems and fences
viconavets
student group 5402
A.V. Kravtsov
kerivnik
N.V. Savina
Blagovushchensk 2010
Entry
1. Characteristics of the area for the design of electrical fences
1.1 Analysis of livelihood
1.2 Characteristics of survivors
1.3 Characteristics of climatic and geographic minds
2. Design and forecasting of the characteristics
2.1 Procedure for developing imovirnіsnyh characteristics
3. Development of possible options for the scheme and analysis
3.1 Development of available options for configuring electrical hedge and output of competitive building
3.2 Detailed analysis of competitive building options
4. Vibir of the optimal variant of the circuit diagram
4.1 Algorithm for the reduction of reduced vitrates
4.2 Determination of competitive building options
5. Development and analysis of the established regimes
5.1 Manual setting to maximum mode
5.2 Rise of maximum, minimum and emergency mode on the PVC
5.3 Fatigue Analysis
6. Regulating the springs and streams of reactive tension in the accepted version of the hedgehog
6.1 Method of sprung regulation
6.2 Regulating a spout on lowering PS
7. Viznachennya sobivarosti electric power
visnovok
List of vikoristanikh dzherel
JOIN
The power industry of the Russian Federation has been reformed for a long time. There was a lot of new trends in development in our galuzy.
The main goals of the reform of the power industry of the Russian Federation are:
1. Resource and infrastructure provision of economic development, with one-hour changes in the efficiency of electrical energy;
2. Bezpechennya energeticheskogo pozpeki power, zapobіgannya mozhlivy energeticheskoy crisis;
3. Advancing the competitiveness of the Russian economy on the new market.
The main objectives of the reform of the power industry of the Russian Federation є:
1. The development of competitive electric power markets in all regions of Russia, in which the organization of such markets is technically possible;
2. Establishment of an effective mechanism for reducing vitrates in the sphere of virobration (generation), transmission and distribution of electrical energy and improvement of the financial state to the organization of services;
3. Stimulation of energy saving in all spheres of economy;
4. The willingness of friendly minds for the maintenance and exploitation of new pressures from the power supply (generation) and transmission of electric power;
5. A step-by-step solution for overriding subsidies in the rural regions of the country and for groups of people who support electricity;
6. Establishment of the system of education of the poorly secured people of the population;
7. Preservation and development of the Single Power Infrastructure, which includes the main lines and dispatching control;
8. Demonopolization of the firing market for thermal power plants;
9. Establishment of the legal and regulatory framework for the reform of the hallway, which regulates the function in the new economic minds;
10. Reform of the system of sovereign regulation, management and visibility in power generation.
At the Distant Descent, a reform was made for the types of business: there was a generation, a transfer and an extraordinary activity in the vicinity of the company. At the same time, I transfer the electrical power to the 220 kV power supply and to use the FGC FGC, and the 110 kV power supply to the lower power supply unit of the DRSK. With such a rank, in the course of the projecting of the connection (connection), it will be possible to start organizing, for those who need it, it will be necessary to power up the technical ideas for the connection.
By the meta of the given KP є the design of the regional electric grid for the high-quality electric power supply, the people who are guided in the plant for the project
Viconannya meti vimagah
Formation of options
Vibir of the optimal scheme of a hem
Vibir rozpodilnyh attachments VN and NN
Rozrakhunok economical adjustment of options
Rozrakhunok electric modes
1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA OF THE PROJECTED ELECTRIC LAND
1.1 Analysis of livelihood
Yak dzherela zhivennya (ІП) in the factory assignments: TES and URP.
In the Khabarovsk Territory, the main IP є thermal power stations. There is Khabarovsk CHP-1 and CHP-3 in Khabarovsk m, and CHEC-1, CHEC-2, Travneva GRES (MGRES), Amursk CHEC are located on the first night of the Khabarovsk Territory. The values of CHPP may be 110 kV buses, and HTEC-3 may have 220 kV buses. MGRES pratsyuє tilki on 35 kV bus lines
In Khabarovsk, KhTETS-1 - big "old" (the introduction of a large part of the turbine units - 60s - 70s of the last century) was installed in the new part of the city, in the industrial district, KhTETS-3 - in Pivdenny
Khabarovsk CHP-3 - new CHP is very good technical and economical indicators of the middle CHP of the energy system and OES Go. The fourth unit of the thermal power station (T-180) was commissioned into operation in the chest in 2006, when the power plant was installed to the amount of 720 MW.
Yak URP can accept one of the substations 220/110 kV or a large substation 110/35 kV, in the presence of rational springs for a reverse variant of the framing. Up to the 220/110 kV substation in the Khabarovsk Territory there are: Khekhtsire substation, RC RC, Knyazevolklnka substation, Urgal substation, Start substation, Parus substation, etc.
It is cleverly acceptable that Khabarovsk TEC-3 will be accepted in the capacity of the TES, and the PS "Khekhtsire" in the quality of the URP.
110 kV outdoor switchgear HTETS-3 is located behind the scheme of two working bus systems with a regular and sectional vimikach, and at the Khekhtsire substation there is one working bus system with a regular one.
1.2 Characteristics of survivors
The Khabarovsk Territory has the best part of living in the great places. That is, when calculating the imovirnіsnyh characteristics for the additional programs "Rozrakhunok hemezhі", the allocation of companions is taken, as shown in table 1.1.
Table 1.1 - Characteristics of the structure of survivors on the project substations
1.3 Characteristics of climatic and geographic minds
Khabarovsk Territory is one of the largest regions of the Russian Federation. Yogo area - 788.6 thousand square kilometers, a warehouse of 4.5 miles in the territory of Russia and 12.7 miles in the Far East economic area. The territory of the Khabarovsk Territory was roasted at the viglyad of the university smuga on the secondary outskirts of Asia. At the entrance to the border, one must repair from the Amur and are strongly connected, and one can find a direct link along the western side of the Bureyinsky ridge, along the western side of the Turan ridge, the Ezoy ridge and Yam-Jadiakh ridge - the Ezoy ridge and Yam-Jadiakh ridge. Far away, crossing the Stanovy ridge, along the upper basin, the rivulet Travnya and Uchur, at the first entry - along the Ket-Kap and Oleg-ITAB ridges, at the first descent along the Suntar-Khayat ridge.
The part of the territory of the ma girskiy relєf is important. Rivninni vastness occupy significantly less part and stand as the head rank of the basins of the Amur River, Tugur, Udi, Amguni.
The climate is monsoon-friendly, with a cold winter with little snow and a hot lithium. Average temperature today: from -22 ° С at midday, up to -40 degrees at winter, at sea Uzbek coast from -15 to -25 ° С; Linden: from +11 o C - in the coastal part, up to +21 o C in the inner and outer regions. Dropped in rik vipadє from 400 mm at night up to 800 mm at pivdnі and 1000 mm on the side skylights of Sikhote-Alina. Vegetation period at the private edge 170-180 days. At winter, permafrost is widespread.
Federal Agency for Education
State Health Establishment of All Professional Education
Amur State University
(GOU VPO "AmSU")
Department of Energy
COURSE PROJECT
on the topic: Projecting the regional electrical framing
from the discipline of Electrical power systems and fences
viconavets
student group 5402
A.V. Kravtsov
kerivnik
N.V. Savina
Blagovushchensk 2010
Entry
1. Characteristics of the area for the design of electrical fences
1.1 Analysis of livelihood
1.2 Characteristics of survivors
1.3 Characteristics of climatic and geographic minds
2. Design and forecasting of the characteristics
2.1 Procedure for developing imovirnіsnyh characteristics
3. Development of possible options for the scheme and analysis
3.1 Development of available options for configuring electrical hedge and output of competitive building
3.2 Detailed analysis of competitive building options
4. Vibir of the optimal variant of the circuit diagram
4.1 Algorithm for the reduction of reduced vitrates
4.2 Determination of competitive building options
5. Development and analysis of the established regimes
5.1 Manual setting to maximum mode
5.2 Rise of maximum, minimum and emergency mode on the PVC
5.3 Fatigue Analysis
6. Regulating the springs and streams of reactive tension in the accepted version of the hedgehog
6.1 Method of sprung regulation
6.2 Regulating a spout on lowering PS
7. Viznachennya sobivarosti electric power
visnovok
List of vikoristanikh dzherel
JOIN
The power industry of the Russian Federation has been reformed for a long time. There was a lot of new trends in development in our galuzy.
The main goals of the reform of the power industry of the Russian Federation are:
1. Resource and infrastructure provision of economic development, with one-hour changes in the efficiency of electrical energy;
2. Bezpechennya energeticheskogo pozpeki power, zapobіgannya mozhlivy energeticheskoy crisis;
3. Advancing the competitiveness of the Russian economy on the new market.
The main objectives of the reform of the power industry of the Russian Federation є:
1. The development of competitive electric power markets in all regions of Russia, in which the organization of such markets is technically possible;
2. Establishment of an effective mechanism for reducing vitrates in the sphere of virobration (generation), transmission and distribution of electrical energy and improvement of the financial state to the organization of services;
3. Stimulation of energy saving in all spheres of economy;
4. The willingness of friendly minds for the maintenance and exploitation of new pressures from the power supply (generation) and transmission of electric power;
5. A step-by-step solution for overriding subsidies in the rural regions of the country and for groups of people who support electricity;
6. Establishment of the system of education of the poorly secured people of the population;
7. Preservation and development of the Single Power Infrastructure, which includes the main lines and dispatching control;
8. Demonopolization of the firing market for thermal power plants;
9. Establishment of the legal and regulatory framework for the reform of the hallway, which regulates the function in the new economic minds;
10. Reform of the system of sovereign regulation, management and visibility in power generation.
At the Distant Descent, a reform was made for the types of business: there was a generation, a transfer and an extraordinary activity in the vicinity of the company. At the same time, I transfer the electrical power to the 220 kV power supply and to use the FGC FGC, and the 110 kV power supply to the lower power supply unit of the DRSK. With such a rank, in the course of the projecting of the connection (connection), it will be possible to start organizing, for those who need it, it will be necessary to power up the technical ideas for the connection.
By the meta of the given KP є the design of the regional electric grid for the high-quality electric power supply, the people who are guided in the plant for the project
Viconannya meti vimagah
Formation of options
Vibir of the optimal scheme of a hem
Vibir rozpodilnyh attachments VN and NN
Rozrakhunok economical adjustment of options
Rozrakhunok electric modes
1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA OF THE PROJECTED ELECTRIC LAND
1.1 Analysis of livelihood
Yak dzherela zhivennya (ІП) in the factory assignments: TES and URP.
In the Khabarovsk Territory, the main IP є thermal power stations. There is Khabarovsk CHP-1 and CHP-3 in Khabarovsk m, and CHEC-1, CHEC-2, Travneva GRES (MGRES), Amursk CHEC are located on the first night of the Khabarovsk Territory. The values of CHPP may be 110 kV buses, and HTEC-3 may have 220 kV buses. MGRES pratsyuє tilki on 35 kV bus lines
In Khabarovsk, KhTETS-1 - big "old" (the introduction of a large part of the turbine units - 60s - 70s of the last century) was installed in the new part of the city, in the industrial district, KhTETS-3 - in Pivdenny
Khabarovsk CHP-3 - new CHP is very good technical and economical indicators of the middle CHP of the energy system and OES Go. The fourth unit of the thermal power station (T-180) was commissioned into operation in the chest in 2006, when the power plant was installed to the amount of 720 MW.
Yak URP can accept one of the substations 220/110 kV or a large substation 110/35 kV, in the presence of rational springs for a reverse variant of the framing. Up to the 220/110 kV substation in the Khabarovsk Territory there are: Khekhtsire substation, RC RC, Knyazevolklnka substation, Urgal substation, Start substation, Parus substation, etc.
It is cleverly acceptable that Khabarovsk TEC-3 will be accepted in the capacity of the TES, and the PS "Khekhtsire" in the quality of the URP.
110 kV outdoor switchgear HTETS-3 is located behind the scheme of two working bus systems with a regular and sectional vimikach, and at the Khekhtsire substation there is one working bus system with a regular one.
1.2 Characteristics of survivors
The Khabarovsk Territory has the best part of living in the great places. That is, when calculating the imovirnіsnyh characteristics for the additional programs "Rozrakhunok hemezhі", the allocation of companions is taken, as shown in table 1.1.
Table 1.1 - Characteristics of the structure of survivors on the project substations
1.3 Characteristics of climatic and geographic minds
Khabarovsk Territory is one of the largest regions of the Russian Federation. Yogo area - 788.6 thousand square kilometers, a warehouse of 4.5 miles in the territory of Russia and 12.7 miles in the Far East economic area. The territory of the Khabarovsk Territory was roasted at the viglyad of the university smuga on the secondary outskirts of Asia. At the entrance to the border, one must repair from the Amur and are strongly connected, and one can find a direct link along the western side of the Bureyinsky ridge, along the western side of the Turan ridge, the Ezoy ridge and Yam-Jadiakh ridge - the Ezoy ridge and Yam-Jadiakh ridge. Far away, crossing the Stanovy ridge, along the upper basin, the rivulet Travnya and Uchur, at the first entry - along the Ket-Kap and Oleg-ITAB ridges, at the first descent along the Suntar-Khayat ridge.
The part of the territory of the ma girskiy relєf is important. Rivninni vastness occupy significantly less part and stand as the head rank of the basins of the Amur River, Tugur, Udi, Amguni.
The climate is monsoon-friendly, with a cold winter with little snow and a hot lithium. Average temperature today: from -22 ° С at midday, up to -40 degrees at winter, at sea Uzbek coast from -15 to -25 ° С; Linden: from +11 o C - in the coastal part, up to +21 o C in the inner and outer regions. Dropped in rik vipadє from 400 mm at night up to 800 mm at pivdnі and 1000 mm on the side skylights of Sikhote-Alina. Vegetation period at the private edge 170-180 days. At winter, permafrost is widespread.
Khabarovsk Territory is included in the III district on the basis of redness
2. ROSRAHUNOK І FORECASTING IMOVIRNіsny characteristics
For this distribution, the definition of the imovirnіny characteristics, necessary for the selection of the main possession of the project framing and the development of the wattlessness and energy, is carried out.
In addition to the current data, the information about the installed strain of the PS and the types of graphs on the basis of the characteristic features of the electric power supply is presented.
2.1 Procedure for developing imovirnіsnyh characteristics
The rozrakhunok of imovirnіsnyh characteristics is carried out with the help of the programs "Rozrakhunok of frizzy". The whole software complex will ask for the knowledge of the necessary indicators for the development. Stavlyaci in the quality of the outgoing dates are only the most active effort, the type of survivors and the percentage of expenses on the PS, we accept the necessary characteristics. Accepted types of power supply in Table 1.1.
Algorithm for rooting is shown clearly. For the butt of the speeding machine, the data on the PS A.
The value of the average force of the PS for the flow period per hour
Rozrahunok for lita is similar to rosrahunok for winter, so it is shown rosary only for winter.
de, - the value of navantazhennya in the i-th year add the current and the charge as per;
- number of years since the date of the appointment on the substation
Z "Rozrakhunku freezhі" will be accepted for substation A MW. MVAr.
The value of the effective pressure of the PS for the current period per hour
For PS A otrimaєmo
MW, MVAr
The value of the average predicted strain
For the formula of folding viznachamo average predicted toughness.
de - average pushing for the current rіk;
Vidnosny increase in electrical supply (For AT = 3.2%);
Rik, for which purpose the electrical supply is started;
Rik on the cob vidlik (pecked in the opened gap).
The value of the maximum predicted pressure of PS
de - average toughness of the PS;
Student's Coeffit;
Kofіtsієnt form.
(2.5)
The performance form for the flow and forecasted graph will be lost in the same way, as the value of the imovirn_snyh characteristics change proportionally.
In such a rank, we recognized the predicted pressure of the PS. Dal, vikoristovuchi "Rozrakhunok festo" can be recognized all the other characteristics.
It is necessary to brutalize the fact that the maximum effort has been established for everyone in the "framing of the hedge" in order to go more, they didn’t put it. it is not physically possible. It will be explained by the fact that when writing the programs "Rozrakhunok festi", the student's coefficient will be accepted 1.96. There are a lot of people who are happy with them.
Analysis of imovirnіsnyh characteristics
For the tribute from the "Rozrakhunka of the hedge", we recognize the active urge to guide us to the universities. Reactive pressure is significant for reactive pressure in the department at the KP in the skin university
As a result of the distribution of the necessary forecasts of the necessary characteristics, which are added to the Dodatka A. For newer projects, they will be deprived of predicted characteristics. The reactive efforts are insured on the basis of the formulas (2.6) and are transformed into the supplement of A.
Table 2.1 - Requirements for the implementation of the characteristics
| PS | Imovirnіsnі characteristics, MW | |||||||
| basic | forecasts | |||||||
| A | 25 | 17,11 | 17,8 | 5,46 | 29,47 | 19,08 | 20,98 | 6,43 |
| B | 30 | 20,54 | 21,36 | 6,55 | 35,32 | 22,9 | 25,15 | 7,71 |
| V | 35 | 23,96 | 24,92 | 7,64 | 41,23 | 26,71 | 29,36 | 9,00 |
| G | 58 | 39,7 | 41,29 | 12,66 | 68,38 | 44,26 | 48,69 | 14,92 |
3. Development of MOZHLIVIH VARIANTIV SCHEMES TA ЇX ANALIZ
Methods for the distribution and selection of the most economically prescriptive options for the electric grid given to the area. The options need to be grounded, given dignity and shortcomings, and converted to practical health. If all the stinks can be realized, then, vreshty-resht, there are two options, one of which is the least summarized in the line in one-liner, and the smallest one.
3.1 Development of flexible options for configuring electrical hedge and output of competitive building
Principles Induce the Heirloom
Electrical circuits are responsible for the use of vitrates. The electric net is guilty of the mother as well as the necessary economy and toughness. / 3, p. 37 /.
In the design practice to induce the rational configuration of the hemisphere, the cooking method should be used, but for the given development, there will be a number of options. Numerous options are not guilty but vypadkovy - leather primed on the principle of prompting the hem (radial hem, kiltseva, etc.) / 3, p. 37 /.
When developing the configuration of options in the hedge, the following is the principle:
1 Power supply of the 1st category of guilt will ensure that the power supply is not provided from two independent power supplies, at least two lines and interruptions in power supply are allowed to be deprived for the period of automatic 3 activation / backup. 1.28 /
2 For those who live in the II category in a large number of vipads, they also transfer food for two other
3 For an electric appliance of the III category, complete the harvest one line at a time.
4 Vinyatnye vorotnykh streams_ in the tightness
5 Distribution of electrical fittings for additional support at the university
6 In k_ltsevskaya hemlines, one r_ven of the nominal springs is guilty.
7 The stagnation of simple electrical circuits of rozpodilny annexes with a minimal amount of transformation.
8 Variant of a measure is guilty of transferring the necessary level of power supply
9 Main lines may be in some cases with rings, but there is a great length of submarines in a single line; large numbers of high-quality and manual ones in case of operative registration
10 It is necessary to transfer the distribution of power supply lines at the points of accommodation.
11 Variant of the electric line is guilty but technically good, that is, it is due to the transformers, because of the change of the lines on the line.
Development, adjustment and revision of options in the configuration of the mesh
The proportional indicators of the proponated options in the hemisphere have been added to B.
Respect: for robustness in robotized programs, letters of the designated PS are replaced with digital ones.
I will look at the development of the PS, their efforts have been propounded by the chotiri options for connecting to the VP.
The first option has three PSs to go to the TES according to the circular scheme. Quarter PS G (4) live as TES and URP. An outstanding option is the hope of all survivors, some of all PS in this option, there are two independent dzherela living. In addition, the scheme is handy for dispatching control (all substations are in transit, which are put into repairs and allowing quick reservations).
Malunok 1 - Option 1
For lowering the struma in the PA mode (when one of the main dylanoks is connected) in the rings of PS 1, 2, 3, the proponations of option 2, de PS 2 and 3 start in the circle, and PS 1 is grabbed along the Dvolantsyugovy VL. Malunok 2.
electric hemstitch for vitrat
Malunok 2 Option 2
For the hardening of the connection between the displayed centers of the harvesting, option 3 is set, in which PS 3 and 4 it is to live from TES and URP. Daniy is an option to act as the first two about the length of the overhead line, however, it is possible to improve the reliability of the power supply circuitry for the substation V (3). Malunok 3.
Figure 3 Option 3
At option No. 4, the most suitable resident of the PS 4, visions on the border of harvesting on Dvolantsyugovy VL from TES. In this vipad of the links between TES and URP, the mensh gave, however, the PS G (4) is right there from the other PS. Malunok 4.
Malunok 4 Option 4
For re-training, it is necessary to carry out the work according to the recommended options.
According to the formula of Ilarionov, it is significant to rationalize equal springs for all visible head-ends and radial overhead lines:
,(3.1)
de - dovzhina dilyanka, for which purpose the tension begins;
- the pressure of exertion, which is transmitted through the tsiy dilyantsi.
For vnnachennya springs in rings, it is necessary to make a rational spur on the head plates. For the sake of the flow of the most active strain on the head racks, at the same time, they will start to get started about the time spent on the racks. At the outrageous viglyad:
,(3.2)
,(3.3)
de P i - the maximum forecast is the pressure to supply i th university;
l i0`, l i0`` - more lines from i-th point of the hemline to the generalized end (0` or 0``) of the open-ended scheme for replacing the circlet in the case of the development at the point of life;
l 0`-0`` - the total amount of dinner of all dalyanoks of ring hedgehogs. / 4, z 110 /
In such a rank, we can accept the springs for turning us into diagrams of circuits, the development of various images in supplementary B.
The order of options is shown in table 3.1
Table 3.1 - Parameters of options in hedge
Behind the front bags, you can choose between options 1 and 2 for a closer look.
3.2 Detailed analysis of competitive building options
At a certain point, it is necessary to assess the number of possessions, as it is necessary for a reliable and efficient electrical supply: transformers, power transmission lines, the need for compensating attachments, power supply circuits. In addition, on this stage, assess the technical ability (docility) of the implementation of the proponated options.
Vibir of the bit and the exertion of compensating attachments
Compensation of reactive tautness - rectifying the flow to the balance of reactive tautness at the university of the electric power system by means of regulating the tension, and in the rosy framing, by means of reducing the energy consumption. Zdіysnyutsya z vikorystannyam compensating attachments. In order to meet the necessary pressure in the universities of the electrical system for living up the reactive effort, it is necessary to generate the need to generate the pressure for the necessary reserve. The generated reactive urge to store up with the reactive urge, which is rocked by the generators of power plants and the reactive urgency of compensating attachments, spaced out in the electric grid and in the power plants in a way that makes the electric power available.
Come to the substation for compensation of jet pressure to allow:
· Zmenshiti navantazhennya on transformer, zbіlshiti termіn їkh service;
· Zmenshiti navantazhennya on darts, cables, vicoristovuvati їkh menshy peretinu;
· Policies for the quality of electric power at electric power supplies;
· Zmenshiti navantazhennya on komutatsіynu equipment for rakhunok reduction of strumіv in lantsyugi;
· Reduce vitrati for electricity.
For the skin area taken PS in front of the front, the value of the KU force is determined by the formula:
,(3.4)
The maximum reactive pressure of the university is navantazhennya, МВАр;
The maximum active capacity of the university is to supply, MW;
The coefficient of reactive effort is initiated by the order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 49 (for hemlines 6-10 kV = 0.4) / 8 /;
The actual tightness of the KU, MVAr;
The nominal toughness of the KU from the standard row promoted by the virobniki factories, MVAr;
- number of annexes.
The value of the value of uncompensated exertion, as it will be pushed through the transformer, will start behind the viraz:
(3.6)
Uncompensated wintering (forecasted) reactive pressure of PS;
The type and number of accepted KUs are summarized in Table 3.2. Report rosrahunok be directed to B.
So, as a course project, the types of capacitor units adopted are analogous (from roses at the entryway line - 56 and any type of capacitor units at the entryway - uk)
Table 3.2 - Types of fixed KUs at the substation of the designed framing.
Vibration of wires from economical strum intervals.
The sumarne peretin of the overhead line providers is accepted according to the table. 43.4, 43.5 / 6, pp. 241-242 / in the fallowness of the rosary struma, the nominal spring of the line, the material and the number of lanes of supports, the region of the iron and the region of the country.
Rozrakhunkovy for the choice of economical cross-straining of wires є: for the line of the main hedge - rozrakhunkovy trivial flows of strain; for lines of growth, the maximum amount of alternation of power stations, given to the given line, at the maximum of the energy system, is passed.
With the design of a rosary strum, it is not possible to change the strum in case of accidents or repairs in any elements of a net. Significance start behind viraz
de - string line on the fifth rotsi її exploitation;
Coefiction, shho vrahovuє zmіnu struma on the rocks of exploitation;
The number of years that the maximum value of the line T and the value in the maximum of EEC is established (established by the function K M).
Introduced efficiency factor in vitrate cost-effectiveness in technical and economic growth. For 110-220 kV submarines, the value = 1.05 is accepted, which is consistent with the mathematical calculation of the specified value in the zone of the most frequent growth rates are developed.
Significant K m to be accepted equal to the supply of lines per hour to the maximum supply of the energy system to the maximum supply of lines. The averaged value of the coefficient α T is taken according to the table. 43.6. / 6, p. 243 / .
For the designation of the struma for 5 rubles of exploitation, the design was predicted for the design in distribution 3. In such a rank, as well as for the operatively predicted new designs. Todi for the knowledge of the strum on the fifth operation we need
,(3.8)
de - during the maximum winter (predicted), the pressure of the PS is active;
Uncompensated winter (predicted) reactive pressure of the PS;
The nominal spill of the line;
Lots of lants in the line.
For the Khabarovsk Territory, the III region is occupied by ozheledі.
For two options in the grid of rosrakhunkov, the mating on all the links of the guidance is in table 3.3. For trivially let’s allow the strum to carry out a rewiring for the drain heating of the wires. So, if the strum in the line in the emergency mode is less, it is not trivially permissible, then if you give the dart you can vibrate for the given line.
Table 3.3 - Peretini wires in option 1
| gilki | Rosrakhunkovy strum, A | Reverse dart mark | number of lants | Support brand |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 5-4 | 226,5 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 6-4 | 160,1 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 5-1 | 290,6 | AC-300/39 | 1 | PB 220-1 |
| 5-3 | 337 | AC-300/39 | 2 | PB 220-1 |
| 1-2 | 110,8 | AC-150/24 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 2-3 | 92,8 | AC-120/19 | 1 | PB 110-8 |
Table 3.2 - Peretini wires in option 2
| gilki | Rosrakhunkovy strum, A | Reverse dart mark | number of lants | Support brand |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 5-4 | 226,5 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 6-4 | 160,1 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 3-5 | 241,3 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 2-5 | 212,5 | AC-240/32 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 2-3 | 3,4 | AC-120/19 | 1 | PB 110-3 |
| 1-5 | 145 | 2хАС-240/32 | 2 | PB 110-4 |
Reconsideration according to the PA mode, all accepted darts have passed.
Vibration of pressure and number of transformers
Vibir of transformers is carried out for rozrakhunkovyu strain for the skin s high schools. Oskilki on the skin PS are able to live at least 2 categories, then on all PSs it is necessary to install 2 transformers.
Rozrakhunkova toughness for the vibrator of the transformer is started according to the formulas
,(3.9)
de - the middle of winter is active pulling;
The number of transformers at the substation, in our category;
Optimal efficiency of transformer encapsulation (for two-transformer substation = 0.7).
We will stop by the step of converting transformers є converting to post-emergency shutdown.
Changing the situation to the module, transferring the installation of two transformers to one. At the same time, the emergency response is guilty of giving such minds
,(3.10)
de - pislyaavarіyniy kofіtsієnt zavanazhennya transformer.
Easy to use for butt vibration and rewiring of the transformer at substation 2
MBA
Received transformer TRDN 25000/110.
Similarly, transformers are vibrated for all substations. The results of the induction of transformers are shown in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2 - Vibran power transformers for projected fences.
Vibir of optimal RP circuits at substations.
Schemes of the RU vishoi napruga.
Through a large number of substations, there is a transit of demand, so the optimal option for them is a scheme of mistooks with vimikachs in transformer stakes, with a non-automatic repair changeover from the side of the line.
The VN switchgear diagrams are based on the positions of the PS in the framing, on the other side of the fenestration, the number of inputs. Razrіznyayut such type of training for familiarity with the position in the netting of the other springs: vuzlovi , prohіdni, vіdgaluzhuvalnі and kіntsevі. Universities and transit stations є transit, there is a bit of an effort to be transmitted along the line, to pass through the busses of the transit stations.
In this course project, on all transit substations, the scheme "Mistok with vimikach in lantsyugi liniy" is stuck in order to ensure the greatest reliability of transit flows. For a dead-end substation, to live for the Dvolantsyugovy OHL, the scheme "two blocks of the line-transformer" is stuck with the obligatory connections of the AVR on the side of the LV. The given diagrams are displayed on the first arch of the graphic part.
4. VIBIR OF THE OPTIMAL OPTIMAL VARIANT OF THE ELECTRIC MEREZHI SCHEME
The meta given to the product is already included in the title. However, it should mean that the criterion for determining the options in the whole distribution will be economical. The price will be rooted for guided vitrates for the development of parts of the project diagrams.
4.1 Algorithm for the reduction of reduced vitrates
Induce vitrati and start with the formula (4.1)
de E - normative efficiency of capital investment, E = 0.1;
K - capital investment, necessary for the construction of the framing;
I - well-known exploitation vitrati.
Capital investment for the maintenance of the net is stored with the capital investment in the new lines and in the PS
, (4.2)
de K VL - capital investment for the construction of lines;
Before the PS - capital investment for the construction of the production station.
Vyhodyachi from the parameters, it can be seen that for a given specific vypadku it is necessary to vrahovuvati capital invested in VLEP's business.
Capital investments during the installation of the lines are stored from the vitrate for the pre-day robots and preparation of the route, the vitrate for the support, conduction, isolation and installation, for the transport, installation of the robot and
de - pitoma part of one kilometer of line.
Capital vitrates when equipped with a food station are stored from vitrates for the preparation of the territory, adding transformers, batteries and other possessions, vitrates for assembling robots, etc.
de - capital vitrati for the construction of outdoor switchgear;
Capital vitrati for the purchase and installation of transformers;
Potential part of vitrate at substation in fallowness of type GRP and U nom;
Capital vitrati for the purchase and installation of KU.
Capital investments begin for the enlarged indicators of the variability of the elements of the mesh. The total capital investment is brought up to the flow rate for an additional inflation rate for the period of 1991. For the specific realities of overhead lines for the current year, the rate of inflation for overhead lines in a given KP is k іnfVL = 250, and for elements of PS k іnfVL = 200.
Another important technical and economic indicator is the exploitation of vitrati (vitrati), which is necessary for the exploitation of an energetic possession of that net by stretching one rock:
de - vitrati for current repairs and exploitation, including preventive maintenance and testing, start according to (4.6)
Vitrati on amortization for analysis of the period of service (T sl = 20 years), formula (4.7)
Part of the cost of electricity, start for the formula (4.8)
de - standards for the repair and maintenance of submarines and submarines (= 0.008; = 0.049).
Vitrati on amortization
de - razglyanuty terms of service possession (20 years)
Part of the cost of electricity
, (4.8)
de - vtrati electricity, kW per year;
З 0 - electricity consumption rate of 1 MW per year. (In the factory for the KP, the value of the road is C0 = 1.25 rubles / kW ∙ year.
On the other hand, electrical energy will start according to the streams of effective efforts and include in itself the VLEP, transformers and KU for winter and summer hours.
de - vtrati electricity in VLEP
Vtraty power in transformers
Vtraty electricity in compensating annexes
Take power in VLEP visas to start the next rank
, (4.10)
de, - because of effective active winter and summer labor on the line, MW;
Potency of effective reactive winter and summer exertion along the line; MVAr;
T z, T l - according to the number of wintering - 4800 and years - 3960 years;
(4.11)
Go to KU. So, as on all substations, capacitor banks are installed in or Static thyristor compensators (STC), then if the KU will be in charge of the offensive rank
, (4.12)
de - enter into active exertion in compensating annexes, in this drop - 0.003 kW / kvar.
Rivni PS springs do not appear in both options, so transformers, attachments, can compensate and lose in them if they are damaged, it is possible not to vrahovuvati (I will stink the same).
4.2 Competitive options
So, in some cases, there is one level of pressure, the transformers and the number of annexes, which will compensate for them, will be unimportant. In addition, PS G (4) live the same way in two options, but in some cases do not take care of it.
There will be only a few lines (additional supply and rerouting of the wire) and additional attachments to live PS A, B, and V, then, if it is adequately determined, the amount of money in the capital expenditures
It is not necessary to adjust for all parameters in this section. Daniy rozrahunok guidance from Dodatku V.
The results of the results will be followed by Table 4.1, to reveal the main indicators of the economical adaptability of the skin variant
Table 4.1 - Economic indicators of the corresponding options.
In such a rank, we rejected the most optimal variant of the scheme of the hedge, which is satisfactory to all the visitor's vimogs and the most economical. - Option 1.
5. Development and analysis of the established regimes
Meta tsiogo razdilu - prorahvati types of steel modes, characteristic of the chain of measure and value of reason and admissibility. At the same time, it is necessary to assess the possibility of "extreme" modes and the amount of effort required in the new elements of the net.
5.1 Manual opening to maximum mode
Preparation of tribute for manual delivery to the maximum mode
For manual rozrahunku mode, first for everything, it is necessary to know the parameters of the replacement circuit. When the given was folded, we went in addition to the fact that 2 okremo was installed on the skin substation, half of the transformer was installed. Charge the strain of the lines was carried to the її universities; the transformer is represented by a G-shaped diagram, in the yakiy of the transverse conductors is represented by the idle speed (XX).
The replacement scheme is presented on little 5 and on the arc of the graphic part of the project.
Malunok 5 - Scheme of substitution for rozrahunku mode.
The parameters of the universities of the construction scheme in table 5.1
Table 5.1 - Parameters of the universities of the substitution scheme
| University number | University type | U nom of the university, kV | R n, MW | Q n, MVAr |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 6 | balancing | 110 | ||
| 5 | balancing | 110 | ||
| 1 | navantazh | 110 | ||
| 11 | navantazh | 10 | 14,7 | 5,7 |
| 12 | navantazh | 10 | 14,7 | 5,7 |
| 2 | navantazh | 110 | ||
| 21 | navantazh | 10 | 17,7 | 6,95 |
| 22 | navantazh | 10 | 17,7 | 6,95 |
| 3 | navantazh | 110 | ||
| 31 | navantazh | 10 | 20,6 | 8,2 |
| 32 | navantazh | 10 | 20,6 | 8,2 |
| 4 | navantazh | 110 | ||
| 41 | navantazh | 10 | 34,2 | 13,7 |
| 42 | navantazh | 10 | 34,2 | 13,7 |
The parameters are given in table 5.2.
Table 5.2 - Parameters of the power supply circuit
| No. of the university on the cob | № of the university | Droti mark | Active op_r gilki, Ohm | Reactive op_r gilki, Ohm | Charge pressure of the line, MVAr |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 5 | 4 | AC 240/32 | 2,7 | 9 | 0,76 |
| 6 | 4 | AC 240/32 | 3,8 | 12,8 | 1,08 |
| 5 | 1 | AC 300/39 | 2,2 | 9,6 | 0,71 |
| 5 | 3 | AC 300/39 | 2 | 8,6 | 0,64 |
| 2 | 3 | AC 120/19 | 1 | 9,5 | 0,72 |
| 1 | 2 | AC 240/32 | 8 | 8,1 | 0,68 |
To develop the flows of pressures along the lines, it is necessary to carry out the work on the lines, which include in themselves without the need for the supply of substations, in transformers, and charging the pressures of the lines. 49-52 /.
Vtrati in 2 transformers PS 1;
Half of the charging strains of the lines 1-5 and 1-2.
Algorithm rozrahunku mode
Manual opening to the mode of the most economically prescriptive version of the scheme of the framing, using the additional mathematical package MathCAD 14.0. Reporting to the mode of submissions in the supplement G . In addition to D, there are a number of modes for the additional PVC: normal maximum, minimum, and emergency (PA).
It will be shown briefly the step of manual opening to the mode.
Mayuchi rozrahunkovі navantazhennya in chotir'h main universities circuits induced by the main stages of development.
Some people know the flows of pulling on the head dispensers 6-4 and 6-5. For the butt, it is written for the dilyanka 6-4
(5.2)
Sum with the received complexes of supports and dzherelami zhivlennya
The flows of urge to flow along the other spouts can be further developed without urahuvannya vrachuvannya and by the beginning of the point of flow dividing by active and reactive urges. Our vipad will not have any dalyanoks, we will not have a tendency to struggle, as a result of a difference to the VP.
de - zyazanі complexes naprug dzherel zhivlennya.
For the purpose of developing an adequate exertion, there are actual flows of exertion on the head of the hedgehog.
For the flow of pressure on all dilenks, we know the point of flow separation by active and reactive pressure. Tse points viznachayutsya there, de due to the eagerness to change the sign for the opposite. Our vypadku vuzol 4 will be a point of dividing line by activity and by reactive effort.
With a frivolous opening, the circle is raised along the points of the flow dividing line, and the flows of pressure on the cikh dilenks and the pressure on them are immensely yak for the rounded hedge. Forward
(5.5)
(5.6)
Knowing the flows of pressure on all dilyankas, and on the other hand, the pressure on all universities. For example, at the university 4
(5.7)
5.2 Rozrakhunok maximum, minimum and emergency mode for an additional PVK
Characteristic of reverse PVC is short
Yak PVK mi vibrated SDO-6. Daniy PVK of signs for the revision of the analysis and synthesis, which are detected during the previous stages of the EEC and can be used during the operation and design of the EEC within the framework of the ASDU, CAD and AWP EEC.
PVK for the model and for the robot of small attachments, which are intended for controlling the effort, overflowing of active and reactive effort, for generating and living, as well as for the robot of various types of anti-emergency automatics - in the form of throwing / pushing the pull.
PVK to provide an additional mathematical description of the main elements of the EEC mesh - navantage (static characteristics according to U and f), generation (input into the generator in the SC mode, accumulation of Qsp (Pg)), commutated reactors, lines, transformer і 3 winding units with late-lateral і knuckle adjustments.
The PVK will provide the robot with an EEC netting pattern with a rosette scheme, which can be stored in its warehouse as elements of the stand-alone annexes of the stations and production stations.
The PVK will provide more efficient and superior solution of tasks for the overworld warehouse of algorithms and solutions.
PVC-U with a manual and effective way of reaching the goals, formed by a coristuvach. This warehouse has implemented a significant number of main and additional functions.
The main functions are related to:
1) the development of a tired EEC mode with a deteriorated nature of the information about the pressure and without the reduction of the frequency (modification of the Newton-Raphson method);
2) the development of the boundary established regime in case of different methods of fixing and completion criteria;
3) the size of the permissible fatigue regime;
4) rozrahunok optimal steel mode (method of reduced reduced gradin);
For the waste of active and reactive pulling in the EEC net;
On vitrates for electrical power supply;
5) rejection of the necessary values for the extremes of the parameters in the mode (modules of pressure, active and reactive generations, etc.) with the choice of the stock of the components of the solution vector;
6) the value of "weak points" in the EEC mesh and analysis on the basis of boundary modes;
7) the formulation of the equivalent of the EEC rosary scheme, rejected when a given number of universities is turned on (Ward's method);
8) rejection of the equivalent rosary scheme of the framing, adaptive to the given rosary minds and the designation of the functional characteristics of the framing, which are included in the border universities;
9) development of static aperiodic performance to the EEC mode based on the analysis of the performance characteristics of the characteristic curve;
10) an analysis of the dynamic performance of the EEC mode according to the given number of rodent drills with a wide range of anti-emergency automatics, both traditional and promising, it is possible to model old laws. This function will provide for the flexibility of the SPK SDO-6 and PVK PAU-3M (CEI box) and be supplied to the deputy director when he / she has established a contract with the PVK PAU-3M distributors.
Prior to additional functions, the following applies:
1) the analysis and the pity of pardons from the vicarious tributes;
2) Correction of the warehouse of elements of the rosary scheme of the EEC framing, parameters in the mode of rosary minds;
3) the formulation of that zberigannya on the zapam'yatovyh annexes of the vlast archive of the data on the rosary schemes of the EEC net;
4) a robot with data in the unified format of the CDU (export / import);
5) the presentation and analysis of the current information from the visitor tables and graphs;
6) displaying the results in the drawing on the graph of the drawing in the scheme of the hem.
The PVK can in its own warehouse the staff and the nasty mova of the management of the employees, to avenge up to 70 directives (commands). In addition, you can get a good deal of the display of the main and additional functions when the robot is in batch mode.
PVK of breakdowns and implementations on mov FORTRAN, TurboCI. You can use it in the warehouse of mathematical storage of the numerical centers equipped with CM-1700 and PEOM (MS DOS).
PVK maє nasty basic technical characteristics:
The boundary round of rozrahunkovyh schemes will begin to expand the resources of the memory of the EOM and for the flow version of the PVK to become not less than 600 universities and 1000 giloks;
Є software tools for configuring and generating PVK for the required warehouse of elements and a collection of rosary schemes of the framing;
The robot can be used in batch and dialogue mode.
PVCK can be circulated and supplied on magnetic pages and / or on a diskette in the warehouse of the emailing module and documentation for the second supply and registration.
Developers: Artem V.Yu., Voitov O.N., Volodina E.P., Mantrov V.A., Nasvitsevich B.G., Semenova L.V.
Organizational: Siberian Power Engineering Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Preparation of donations for distribution in SDO 6
So, as in SDO6, for the establishment of the university to complete the vicorist values of the nominal tension and the effort to navantazhen (generation), then for the establishment of the array of tributes in the whole PVK to complete the vicorist table 5.1.
To set the parameters of the line in SDO 6, it is necessary to add the power of the power to the complex support, and not to charge the pull, like in a manual release. To that, up to Table 5.2, the capacitive capacitance is set in Table 5.3.
Table 5.3 - Gylok conductivity rating
A pair of vikoristov was carried out during a manual opening for the transverse conductivity of the transformer in the idle run of the transformer. For the installation of transformers in the PVK, it is necessary to replace them with the correct capacities of the chain, as indicated in Table 5.4. All іnshі dans also, scho і for manual opening (Dodatok E).
Table 5.4 - Transverse wires of transformers
Pivotal analysis of manual racking of the maximum mode and racking behind the auxiliary PVC
For the adjustment in the military-industrial complex and manual, it is necessary to use the parameters of the adjustment. In this vypadku we will change the values \ u200b \ u200bof pressure in all universities and the numbers of tap-changers in transformers. There will be quite enough for a quick release of manual and machine tools.
There is a certain amount of stress in all universities, the results are shown in Table 5.5
Table 5.5 - Ramping for manual and machine racking
| University number | Manual rozrahunok, kV | PVC SDO-6. , kV | Visibility,% |
| 1 | 121,5 | 121,82 | 0,26 |
| 2 | 120,3 | 121,89 | 1,32 |
| 3 | 121,2 | 121,86 | 0,54 |
| 4 | 121,00 | 120,98 | -0,02 |
| 11, 12 | 10,03 | 10,07 | 0,40 |
| 21, 22 | 10,41 | 10,47 | 0,58 |
| 31, 32 | 10,41 | 10,49 | 0,77 |
| 41, 42 | 10,20 | 10,21 | 0,10 |
It is possible to say that with the accuracy of 5% on the PVC, the accuracy of the design will be sufficient. At the same time, the taps of the transformers converge at both positions.
5.3 Analysis of the tired regime
The structure of the input of electrical energy
Analyze the structure of the input for the three modes, which are secured behind the additional PVC.
The structure of the input for 3 modes is presented in Table 5.6.
Table 5.6 - The structure of the input in the open modes
Analysis of rivniv naprug in universities
For the analysis of the strengths and risks, the most important PA modes and the mode of minimum pressure are needed.
So, as we need to adjust the balance in all three modes, then the indications will be in the numbers of the tap changers.
Strains, otrimanі in razglyanutyh hovering modes in table 5.7.
Table 5.7 - Actual strains on the low sides of the substation
All the necessary lines on the side of the LV are displayed in all three modes.
Razrakhunok and analysis of all available modes of displaying, as designed by the framing, allowing the necessary adjustments in both normal and non-emergency modes.
In such a rank, the hedge is designed to allow for the hopeful and obvious harmlessness of the living with the electric power.
6. REGULATION OF SPRINGS AND FLOWS OF REACTIVE STRESS IN THE ACCEPTED VARIANT OF MEREZHI
Meta rozdilu - explain the stasis of vikorists by means of regulation of springs and dates of description.
6.1 Method for regulating spongi
The stress of the mesh is constantly changing at once due to the change in the setting, to the robotic mode of life, the support of the lancer. Vidhilennya naprugi must not be found in intervals of acceptable values. The reasons for this are: a) vprugi, wiklikayuyutsya struma navantazhennya, scho pass through the elements of the net; b) the wrong vibration of the strumming elements and the tension of the power transformers; c) incorrectly prompted the scheme of the hem.
The control over the release of springs is carried out in three ways: 1) for the rim - carried out by the way of realizing the springs with the permissible values; 2) behind the piece in the electrical system - it is conducted at the singing points of the mesh, for example, on the cob or at the end of the line, at the district station; 3) for the triviality of seeing the spasms.
Regulating springs is called the process of changing the springs at the characteristic points of the electrical system behind the addition of special technical means. Vikoristovuyutsya regulation of stress in the centers of the living of the growth of the fringe - at the regional production stations, in the process of change in the transformation of the growth in 200 /.
If necessary, on the tires of the secondary springs of the lowering stations, it will be ensured that the springs are adjusted in the intervals 0 ... + 5% of the nominal springs of the hem. Even before the additional graph is added, there is a total pressure to decrease up to 30% and more of the most important value, the pressure on the tires can be adjusted to the equal nominal tension of the grain. In the year of the greatest navantazhennya the spill on the tires is to blame for the nominal spill of the hem, not less than 5%; it is allowed to adjust the pressure up to 110% of the nominal, even if at all times it is not possible to change the most important value in the case of the closest survivors, but it is allowed by the Rules for the adjustment of electrical installations. In the case of emergency modes in case of intelligent regulation of the springs on the tires of the lower springs, it is innocent of the lower nominal springs of the hem.
In the capacity of special means of regulating the springs, beforehand, there can be used transformers with regulating springs for navantazhennyam (RPN). It’s unwise to take care of the preset value of the stress, so that the efficiency of the installation of static capacitors or synchronous compensators can be seen. / 3, p. 113 /. Tsiogo in our vipadku is not necessary, so as there is quite enough regulation of tension in the universities on the low sides behind the additional RPN.
Find out about the methodology for choosing the regulating transformers and autotransformers from the tap changer and the value of the applied stress.
The method is understandable, based on the non-mediocre design of the necessary pressure for regulatory visualization and is characterized, according to the authors' opinion, by simplicity and to the point.
As soon as the voltage on the busbars of the lower voltage of the station is brought to the upper side of the transformer, then it is possible to increase the tension of the regulating winding of the winding of the transformer
(6.1)
de - nominal winding of the lower winding of the transformer;
Fatigue, as it is necessary to trim the lower springs on the tires in the new robot modes and the hedge U H - in the highest voltage mode and in the emergency modes and U H - in the selected new mode);
U H - nominal netting.
For a hem with a nominal voltage of 6 kV, it is necessary to energize in the modes of the highest voltage and in emergency modes of 6.3 kV, in the mode of the lowest voltage of stench to become 6 kV. For a net with a nominal voltage of 10 kV, store 10.5 and 10 kV. Even in emergency modes, it is unwise to prevent the pressure U H, it is allowed to decrease it, but not lower than 1 U H
Stagnation of transformers from the on-load tap-changer allows the change of the control valve without connection. That is why it is necessary to start a spur of the regulatory maintenance environment for the most and the least maintenance. So, as the hour of the emergency regime is unavoidable, we will rescue the emergency regime in the most unpleasant vipad, that is, in the most uncomfortable year. According to what has been said above, the stress of the regulating transformer is based on the following formulas:
for the regime of the highest prices
(6.2)
for the regime of those who hired the day
(6.3)
for emergency mode
(6.4)
According to the known value of the rosacea of the regulating vidgaluchennya, the standard is the vidgaluzhennya with the straining, the closest to the rozrahunky.
Singing in such a way is meaningful on the tires of the lower springs, quietly at the station, de-stashed transformers from the tap-changer, to get used to the meanings of the springs, which are meaningful.
On tri-winding transformers, the regulation of the tension before the installation is displayed in the winding of the secondary tension, and the winding of the middle tension is in the winding, as the change is only due to the knowledge of the installation.
7. VALUE COST OF ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION
By means of a wide distribution of information on the importance of transmission of electrical energy in the design of the grid. A whole indicator of important marks є one of the indicators of adaptability to the whole project as a whole. On the basis of the transmission of electrical energy, the cost of the vitrat is used to equip the netting in the whole to the total average cost of living, rubles / MW
(7.1)
de - sumarni vitrati for all options with urahuvannyam vrat electric energy, rubles;
Average power supply of the project, MW.
de - the maximum amount of winter labor required for the given stock, MW;
Number of years for the maximum navantage, h.
In such a rank, the ownership of the transmission of electric power is 199.5 rubles. per MW for about 20 kopecks. per kWh
The rozrakhunok sobivarosti transmissions of electric power is directed to the supplement of E.
VISNOVOK
In the process of designing electrical fences, we have analyzed the tasks of geographic development of electrical energy. With a whole lot of analysis, the bully vrakhovani tediousness to the end of the life, they roztashuvannya again. On the basis of the patterns given by us, we will propose options for the schemes of electrical distribution, most of the time, the specifics of their folding are displayed.
For the additional development of the typical graphs of electric power supply, we have eliminated the characteristic characteristics, so that we can analyze with greater precision all the parameters of the modes in the projected measure of the electric power supply.
Also, the design options were adjusted according to the possibility of technical implementation, according to the hopes, from the economic contribution.
As a result of an economical pro-rakhunku, the most recent version of the EU schema is presented by us at a glance. For a wide variety of bullets, there are 3 of the most characteristic power systems for the regime, in which the bazhans showed a spout on the NN tires of all low-pressure substations.
The combination of the transmission of electricity in the proponent version of the warehouses is 20 kopecks. per kWh
BILIOGRAPHIC LIST
1. Delchik V.I. Electrical systems and mesh
2. Prosіbnik before term and diploma design for power engineering specialties of universities. Pid ed. Blok V.M.
3. Pospelov G.Є. Fedin V.T. Electrical systems and mesh. project
4. Rules of operation of electrical installations PUE vidannya 6, 7th supplement
5. Savina N.V., Myasodov Yu.V., Dudchenko L.M. Electric hedgehogs in butts and razrakhunkakh: Navchalnyy posibnik. Blagovushchensk, Vidavnistvo AmSU, 1999, 238 p.
6. Electrotechnical assistant: U 4 t. T 3. Vyrobnitstvo, transfer of electrical power. For zag. Ed. Prof. MEI Gerasimova V.G. that in. - 8th ed., Rev. І add. - M .: Vidavnistvo MEI, 2002 p, 964 p.
7. Fundamentals of modern energy: a handbook for universities: in 2 volumes / For the out-of-the-box editorial board member. RAS Є.V. Ametistova. - 4th ed., Revised. і add. - M .: Vidavnichiy dim MEI, 2008. Volume 2. Current electrical energy / ed. Professor A.P. Burman and V.A. Stroєva. - 632 p., Іl.
8. The procedure for the development of the meaning of the maintenance of active and reactive effort for the conditions of the power supply of the annexes (the group of the power supply of the annexes) allow the power supply to be stagnated after the agreement of the transfer of power. Approved by the Order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation dated 22 February 2007, No. 49
1. Development of 4-5 options for the configuration of the hedge
When choosing options, it is necessary to take two minds: the hedge is guilty of the mother as far as possible; for a dermal resident in fallowness of the 1st category, the blame is not given to any steps of hope.
As long as the PUE is renewed, the 1st and 2nd categories of guilt will not be taken into account by the power supply from two independent power supplies, and the interruption of the power supply is allowed to be deprived of the automatic renewal for an hour. It is allowed to live with living in the 2nd category from one dzherel in case of a general technical and economic grounding. For power supplies of the 3 rd category, eat food along the same line, so that you can live from one dzherel, or, at the viglyadi branch, you pass near the line. As a criterion for setting options in the design for a given stage of the design, it is recommended to vicoristovuvati to summarize the line. The high-voltage (single-head) lines are increased by 20% through the communication lines of the power transmission lines from the direct lines through the changes of the relay of the link. Dovzhini double-headed lines multiply by 1.4 - at the style of the two-chain line in the context of the single-line line.
The whole criterion is to be used for starting up, but all the variants of the schemes can be of the same class of nominal tension and viconanity with the same connection of wires on all dilankas, moreover, the vicorias are of the same types of supports, construction phases, etc.
The configuration of the options in the hedge is given on small 1.1.
On the basis of a vicious acceptance for the most recent options for options 1 and 2. Offending options may be the length of the LEP hedge, according to the number of people who have come to the categories of living, may and may not.
Malunok 1.1 Options for configuring
2. Approximation of the flow rate in normal mode and the highest voltage for two options
Rozrakhumo navantazhennya resident:
de Q = P * tgts,
de R - active labor force, MW;
tgts = 0.672 is the coefficient of reactive effort of the survivors, which starts at the factory cosc = 0.83.
For PS2:
Q = 14 * 0.672 = 9.4 MV * Ap
S = 14 + j9.4 MB * A
The results of the rosters are shown in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1 Nomination values for survivors
happy Kate-ria balancing high school For the nominal tension and re-straining of the wires for the reverse configuration of the hedge, it is necessary to develop the flows of pressure in the circuit heads. At the first stage of the project, the price of the project is approximated. As a close method, the method of contouring is used, so that the method, behind the help of which, the flow of the flow is carried out in two stages, if on the first stage you will be able to see it without having to spend less effort and retrace the rosters, and in the other Here the results will be victorious, taken away at the first stage of the electric rosary. Make sure to change your mind for the possibility of using the method, in order to start: Nominal springs of the same lines; Pereretini in the line of the same, also, on the basis of the proportions, on the basis of proportions, on the line, not to be secured; Do not lose pressure in transformers. Razrakhunok close flow distribution for option No. 1 With one dzherelі vividness of the strain on the head dіlyanka rozrahovuєmo behind the viraz: de l n і l Σ of the protruding shoulders and the sum of the shoulders as a matter of fact. Perevirka: Razpodil tediousness on іnshіh dіlyankas rozrakhovuєmo for the first Kirkhhoff law. The results of the development of the urge to direct the flow of effort aimed at the baby 2.1. Malunok 2.1. Razrakhunok close flow distribution for option No. 2 The close flow distribution rozrakhunok for option No. 2 is virobly similar to option No. 1. Perevirka The results of the growth of the urge to direct the flow of effort aimed at the baby 2.2. Malunok 2.2-Result of a rash with urgency in direct flow of effort for option No. 2 3. Vibir of nominal springs and numbers of lantsyugiv lines The nominal tension is the main parameter of the mesh, which is the basis for the overall dimensions of the lines, transformers, power stations, communication devices and parts. The return of the pressure is guilty of the adoption of the adopted systems of nominal pressure in the energy system of the region. The alternate vibration of the nominal stress is displayed in the economic zones, or for the empirical formulas: Still's formula: Illarionov's formula: Zalesky's formula: de l і Р - additional line, km, and effort for one line of line. MW In all types of independent changes with the selection of nominal strains, there are lines and active strain on them, such as boules of value on the stage of the forward flow distribution. Zrobimo razrahunok stress on economical zones and empirical formulas for dilyanka 1-2 options No. 1: Line 1-2 odnolantsyugova, up to 39.6 km long, the pressure of P = 38.113 MW is actively transmitted. On the cross-point of the coordinates of the Shukan axes, the point is taken to the zone U = 110 kV. In front of this line, 110 kV is accepted. Still's formula: Illarionov's formula: Zalesky's formula: The remaining amount is accepted for the size 1-2 options No. 1 with a nominal voltage of 110 kV. Likewise, it is carried out for razrahunok for those of the hedgehogs. The results are given in table 3.1. Table 3.1 - Front vibration of the nominal voltage of the power transmission line
Line number according to the scheme Dovzhina line, km Transferred Active capacity, MW Rozrakhunkovy nominal sprung, kV Take the nominal voltage, kV by economic zones Behind empirical formulas Illarionova Zalesky Option 1 Option 2 At dilyantsi 5-1, the first option is accepted by the line Dvolantsyugovy with a nominal voltage of 110 kV. On the other dilyankas of the grid, one-lance lines of power transmissions with a nominal voltage of 110 kV are accepted. 4. Vibir to resist conduction and, if necessary, voluntary exertion of compensating attachments. Clarification of the configuration of the hedge The wiring of the system-controlled lines is vibrated from the economical world and is converted according to the permissible current to the heating in emergency modes, and also behind the minds of the corona for 110 kV lines and food. Criteria є independent of one kind of one, and picking up the dart is guilty of satisfying the skin of them. The results of the rosters can be presented in the table 4.1. Tsі rosrakhunki vikonuyutsya for skin s poglanyutih options. Peretini spent on a visa-free basis according to the formula: I-strum in the provider with normal robotic hedgehogs, A; J e - the economy of the strum, which is due to the presence of the material of the current conductor, the design of the line and the hour of the maximum voltage rating, A / mm 2. For the time being, the hour for the maximum nomination is T max = 5100 year for PS2 and PSZ, and T m ah = 5200 for PS4 and PS5. So, since the meaning of T m ah is for survivors, then for a closed fence, T cf is known: For option number 1: For option number 2: For the parameter T cf і table. 5.1 Acceptable value of the economic efficiency of the road is 1 A / mm 2. Perevirka for the crown of mind: U pa b - robocha spruce; U cr - more critical crown stress; m 0 - kofіtsієnt, wrakhovu stan surface wire, for large length wires m 0 = 0.85; m n - efficiency, whakhovu stan wait, m p = 1 in dry and clear weather; e - the coefficient of performance of the turn, which is the pressure of the barometric pressure and the temperature of the turn, d = 1; r is the radius of the wire, cm; D - between the axles of the wires in the winding line, see the left side. for a wash, sanctify the crown). Naymensha peretin dart guilty to the satisfaction of umovі :. It is also critical to try to go less than a working (nominal) one, then to live in order to raise a critical stress, to take a bigger mash. Table 4.1 - Vibration overreturning wires in power lines
line number Rozrakhunkova toughness, MB * A Rozrakhunkovy peretin carried out for economic drainage, mm 2 Perevirk behind the minds of the crown, kV Changeover by permissible current load, A Accept Peretin and Droti Mark Option 1 Option 2 To reverse the vibrating overshoot according to the load in a closed mesh, the flow distribution is known in different emergency modes and in different conditions. The results are summarized in Table 4.2. Table 4.2 - Result of emergency operation
gilka number Strum, A, when connected The most significant struma, A Option 1 Option 2pian 2 On all dylyankas of strumming in emergency mode, I do not change the permissible strum in terms of heating for return wires. The configuration of the hedge for options 1 and 2 should be left the same, like on the cob of roses. It follows from the norms of technological design of power transmission lines with a 35 kV power supply. 5. Vibration of the number and demand of transformers at the station At the stations, to live with people of I and II categories, for the uninterrupted power supply, the number of transformers is guilty but not less than two. The need for transformers is recommended to be vibrated on the mind of all survivors when one transformer is driven out of the fret and when the permissible overvoltage is up to 40%: The need for a single-transformer power station to start with the maximum transformer shutdown in normal mode (up to 100%). Coefficient of interlocking the transformer in normal and emergency modes: Vibrating transformers at the butt of the station 5. Visually connected at the moment of maximum effort: Requirement of transformers for permissible rewiring up to 40%: Acceptance according to table 2.2 two transformers of the TDN-2500/110 type. Coefficient of interlocking transformers in normal and emergency modes: Similarly, the vibrating transformers for the largest production stations are robust. The results are shown in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 - Vibration of the number and capacity of transformers
pіdstantsії number Sumarna is connected at the moment of maximum pressure, MV * A Requirement of transformers for permissible rewiring, MV * A Number of reverse transformers Nominal toughness of the skin s back transformants Normal mode,% In emergency mode,% Table 5.2 - Parameters of transformers
Type and force, MV * A U nom of windings, kV TRDN - 25000/110 TDN - 16000/110 TDTN - 25000/110 TDN - 16000/110 6. Technical and economical adjustment options In case of technical and economical adjustment of 2 options, it is allowed to corystuvaty by simplified methods of design, but itself: not to waste the pressure in the transformers and the lines in case of significant increase in the pressure in the measure; he knows that the pressure has risen in closed fences, not along the supports of the lines, but according to the lines; do not vrakhovuvati in the flow of charging strain of lines; Make sure to start pouring in according to the nominal nominals. Rіchnі exploitation vitrati and the nature of the transmission of electric power does not characterize the whole world of productivity improvement, but doesn’t give a new indication of the efficiency of productivity until the lack of vitality. In general, an assessment of the efficiency of capital investment and economy of this type of production can be supplied only with a glass of vitrate of all the suspension technology necessary for production of products. Induced vitrati can be valued by the formula: Normative efficiency of investment; K - capital vitrati for equipping electrical fences; Capital vitrati on the construction of LEP: Up to 0 - the rate of construction of power lines for 1 km of the building. Rozrakhovuєmo part of the lines in 1991 prices for two options. The results are summarized in table 6.1. Table 6.1 - Linearity
Gilk scheme number Dovzhina line, km Brand and wire, number of gilk Pitoma partiality yew. Rub. / Km Yew line parity. Rub. Option 1 Option 2 Capital vitrati for the construction of the production station: The number of transformers, yew. Rub .; Part of the construction of open-cut outbuildings, yew. Rub .; Post_yna chastina vitrat by p_stants_yah, yew. Rub. Tsі danі be guided in tables. The results of the rosters in the proportions of the production stations for the two options are given in Table 6.2. Table 6.2 - Frequency of production
university number The number of transformers, yew. Rub. Post_yna chastina vitrat, yew. Rub. Warehouse service, yew. Rub. Publication of the production station, yew. Rub. Capital vitrati for the construction of electrical fences: Rіchnі exploitation vitrati: Return on depreciation and maintenance,%; For disciples LEP ДW - waste energy in transformers and lines. MW * year; в - rate of 1 kW * year of consumed energy, rubles / kW * year; for power supply at = 1.75 * 10 -2 rubles / kW * year, for power transmission lines at = 2.23 * 10 -2 rubles / kW * year. Waste energy in transformers: і - at idle speed і short damping, kW; Rated pressure of the transformer, MV * A; The triviality of the robotics of the transformer, The duration of the maximum losses, visually start in the fallowness of the triviality of the greatest supply according to the formula: Waste of energy in the line: Nominalnaya stress, kV; The line is active, Ohm, it is stored with an active support on one unit of the line, Ohm / km and the line, km. For a closed mesh: Rіchnі exploitation vitrati in lines: Rіchnі exploitation vitrati in transformers of a production station: Rіchnі exploitation vitrati in lines: Total operational vitrati: Induced vitrati: So, since option 2 is the cheapest in the case of option 1, then with more options, the vicarist option is 2. 7. Electric design of the characteristic modes in the mesh: the most and the least expensive, the most important emergency mode By means of the electric design of the netting, the value of the parameters of the modes, the appearance of the possibilities of forgiving the economy of the robot and the netting, and the removal of the necessary dues for the provision of the nutritional regulation of the tension. The power supply includes the power supply of active and reactive pulling along the lines of the hedge, calculating the number of active and reactive pulling in the box, as well as pulling the load on the tires of the working stations in the main normal operating modes. Store the circuit for replacing electrical hedge (the line is replaced with U-shaped, transformers - L-shaped) and start the following parameters: For line: ; ; Pitoma active і reactive support, Ohm / km; Pitoma is reactive (мнісна) conductivity, S / km; Dovzhina line, km. For the parameters of the LEP r 0, x 0 and b 0, they start behind the tables. For dilyanka 1-2, up to 30 km, viconated with AC-95/16 wire: active opir: reactive op_r: capacitive conductivity: charging power, connected on the doors of the dilyanka: Table 7.1 - LEP parameters
Uchas-tok of frizzy Dovzhina line, km Brand and wire Take a short flicker, kW; The nominal winding spacing of the winding spout, kV; Rated pressure of the transformer, MVA; Strain of short confusion,%. In the case of electrical fences, 2 winding transformers with U int.nom ≤ 220 kV seem to be a simplified circuit of protection, should the magnetization switch be replaced by a winding switch before the end of an idle run? P x + jΔQ x: For food station 2: The results of the rosters should be entered in table 7.2. Table 7.2 - Parameters of transformers
pіdstantsії number Type and force, MV * A rozrakhunkovі danі DQ x, mV * Ar TRDN - 25000/110 2хТДН - 16000/110 2xTDTN - 25000/110 2хТДН - 16000/110 For these transformers, the spacing regulation is ± 9 x 1.78%. 7.1 Electric opening of the hem in the highest voltage mode The navantazhennya elektricheskogo pryzvychay zazvayuchay on the tires of the secondary springs of the regional abo pіdstantsіy. The nesting of the framing of the food is greater than the preset naunting by the amount of pressure input in the transformers. In addition, it is necessary to charge the tension of the line, as you want to produce to the change of the reactive firing of the hedge. Produce nautazhennya up to the VN framing: P nv + jQ nv = (P n + ΔP x + t) + j (Q n + ΔQ x + Xt - Σ Q b), R n, Q n - active and reactive pressure on the option, set on the side of the secondary pressure of the station; t, X t - total active reactive support of transformers of the given station; ΣQ b - total charging line pressure, applied at the point of connection of the given installation (substation). For food station 2: The results of the rosters should be entered in table 7.1.1 Table 7.1.
pіdstantsії number P n + jQ n, MV * A ΔP x + jΔQ x, MV * A ΔP t + jΔQ t, MV * A ΣQ b, MV * Ap P int + jQ ext, MV * A 10 + j6.72 15 + j10.08 Malunok 7.1.1 - flow on the hedgehogs in the highest navantage mode Table 7.1.
dilyanka Demand for the line, MV * A The results of the electric rosary to the regime of the greatest possible navantazheni aiming at the arch of the graphic part of the project. 7.2 Electric opening of the hem in the mode of those who have been installed The need for those who have been able to stay in the regime of those who have been able to get a new option in a foreign visa begin for the graphs on a daily basis. In some cases, the effort is made to ask at all times as much as possible. Tsei vidsotok to lay down due to the character of the survivors of this kind of navantazhennya. Standard: P nm = 0.5P NB.
Pid-station number P n + jQ n, MV * A ΔP x + jΔQ x, MV * A ΔP t + jΔQ t, MV * A ΣQ b, MV * Ap P int + jQ ext, MV * A 5 + j3.36 7.5 + j5.04 Malunok 7.1.1 - Flow distribution on the dylyanks of the hedge in the mode of the most recent 3 Electric opening of the hem in the post-emergency mode There is an important way to see if there is a line on the head line 1-3. To that, an emergency vipadok is discernible when a single-lance line is cut at a length of 1-3. nerezhu power transmission config Table 7.2.
Pid-station number P n + jQ n, MV * A ΔP x + jΔQ x, MV * A Razrakhumo flux distribution on the hedgehogs in the emergency mode with the loss of labor: The results are shown in table 7.3.2 Table 7.2.
dilyanka Demand for an ear of line, MV * A Spend the strain in the line, MV * A Demand for the line, MV * A
- for power possession;
; ,
.
